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Nanomaterials
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Bio-Nanocomposites for the Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Wastewater
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Bio-Nanocomposites for the Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Wastewater

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Nanoscience and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 5989

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Varsha Srivastava

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
Interests: biomass valorization; wastewater remediation; nutrient recovery; advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomass-based composite materials have recently attracted great attention in a variety of applications due to their abundant availability and inherent properties. Further, biomass-based composite materials have a low environmental impact. Different kinds of biomass have been investigated for the development of bio-composites. Further, the incorporation of nanomaterials with biomass-derived materials enhances the efficiency of bio-based composites. Bio-nanocomposites can be utilized as catalysts, adsorbents, and electrode/membrane material for the removal of emerging pollutants. However, there are many challenges associated with the selective removal of emerging pollutants and the environmental sustainability of bio-nanocomposites. Hence, there is a need for the development of efficient bio-based nanocomposites for the abatement of emerging pollutants. This Special Issue is focused on the synthesis of bio-based nanocomposites and their application for the treatment of emerging pollutants in wastewater. This Special Issue will gather original research papers and review papers related to bio-nanocomposite synthesis and the treatment of emerging pollutants using bio-nanocomposites.

Dr. Varsha Srivastava
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biomass
  • nanocomposites
  • heterogeneous catalyst
  • emerging pollutants
  • advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 6246 KiB  
Article
Bioremediation of Textile Industrial Effluents Using Nutraceutical Industrial Spent: Laboratory-Scale Demonstration of Circular Economy
by Syed Noeman Taqui, Usman Taqui Syed, Raihan Taqui Syed, Mohammed Saeed Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas and Akheel Ahmed Syed
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(10), 1684; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12101684 - 15 May 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2345
Abstract
This research reports the first-ever study on abundantly available, environmentally friendly, low-cost and ready-for-use Nutraceutical Industrial Cumin Seed Spent (NICUS) as an innovative adsorbent for bioremediation of a bisazo Acid Red 119 (AR119) dye, a probable mutagen from textile industrial effluents (TIEs). The [...] Read more.
This research reports the first-ever study on abundantly available, environmentally friendly, low-cost and ready-for-use Nutraceutical Industrial Cumin Seed Spent (NICUS) as an innovative adsorbent for bioremediation of a bisazo Acid Red 119 (AR119) dye, a probable mutagen from textile industrial effluents (TIEs). The experiment at the laboratory scale is designed to suit the concepts of sustainability and valorisation under the domain of circular economy. The experimental qe value obtained was 96.00 mg g−1. The optimised conditions of parameters are as follows: pH of 2; adsorption time, 210 min; adsorbent dosage, 0.300 g L−1; particle size, 175 µM; initial dye concentration, 950 mg L−1; orbital shaking, 165 rpm and temperature, 50 °C, producing an impressive value of 748 mg of dye adsorbing on 1 g of dry NICUS. The adsorption capacity of NICUS obtained from the quadratic model developed for process optimisation gave values of 748 mg g−1. As a prelude to commercialisation, five variables that affect the adsorption process were experimentally studied. For the feasibility and efficiency of the process, a two-level fractional factorial experimental design (FFED) was applied to identify variables that influence the adsorption capacity of NICUS. The identified variables were applied to scale experiments by three orders. Nine isotherm models were used to analyse the adsorption equilibrium data. The Vieth–Sladek adsorption isotherm model was found to be the best fit. The pseudo-second-order reaction was the appropriate mechanism for the overall rate of the adsorption process. Mechanistic studies related to mass transfer phenomena were more likely to be dominant over the diffusion process. Techniques such as SEM, FTIR and CHN analysis were used to characterise NICUS. The dye-adsorbed NICUS obtained as “sludge” was used as a reinforcing material for the fabrication of composites using plastic waste. The physicomechanical and chemical properties of thermoplastic and thermoset composite using dye-adsorbed NICUS were evaluated and compared with NICUS composites. Prospects of integrating Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) into the circular economy of Nutraceutical Industrial Spent (NIS) are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Nanocomposites for the Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Wastewater)
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17 pages, 10768 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Hybrid Methods for Elimination of Brilliant Blue Dye from Water Phase Using Various Nanomaterials Combined with Activated Sludge and Duckweed
by Paweł K. Zarzycki, Lucyna Lewandowska, Bożena Fenert, Krzysztof Piaskowski and Janusz Kobaka
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(7), 1747; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11071747 - 2 Jul 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2880
Abstract
The main goal of this experimental work is screening of different natural and synthetic nanomaterials and biopolymers that may improve elimination of stable micropollutants from water phase. In this work, as a target chemical acting as the micropollutant molecule, the Brilliant Blue (BB) [...] Read more.
The main goal of this experimental work is screening of different natural and synthetic nanomaterials and biopolymers that may improve elimination of stable micropollutants from water phase. In this work, as a target chemical acting as the micropollutant molecule, the Brilliant Blue (BB) dye was selected. We tested different active matrices dispersed in water phase including activated carbon (AC), lyophilized graphene oxide (GO), β-cyclodextrin (CD), raw dandelion pappus (DP), microcrystalline cellulose(MC), and raw pine pollen (PP), as well as two types of Egyptian Blue mineral pigments (EB1 and EB2). Graphene oxide and Egyptian Blue nanomaterials were synthesized in our laboratory. We investigated potential application of such nanoparticles and biopolymer conglomerates as additives that may tune the activated sludge (AS) microorganisms or duckweed water plant (DW) and increase efficiency of micropollutants removal from wastewater. Studied nanomaterials/biopolymers were used in two different experimental modes involving real activated sludge microorganisms (24 h experiment) as well as duckweed plant (16 day experiment). Quantitative data of BB were obtained using microfluidic type device based on micro-TLC plate. This approach enabled direct determination of target component without sample pre-treatment like pre-concentration or pre-purification. Within single analytical run calibration line, retention standard spots (methyl red) and multiple samples were analyzed simultaneously. Due to the multivariate nature of these experiments, quantitative data were explored with chemometric tools including AHC (agglomerative hierarchical clustering), PCA (principal component analysis), and FA (factor analysis). Experimental data and multivariate calculations revealed that BB is strongly resistant on biodegradation, however, inclusion complexes formation with β-cyclodextrinmay induce degradation of this dye in the presence of duckweed. It is hoped that results of our experimental work can be used for designing of future experiments for fast screening of different additives and improvement of technological processes, focusing on purification of sewage and water from micropollutants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Nanocomposites for the Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Wastewater)
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