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Nanomaterials
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Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials
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Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "2D and Carbon Nanomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2021) | Viewed by 10017

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lyubov G. Bulusheva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
Interests: carbon; nanomaterials; electronic structure; electrochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon materials are traditionally used in electrochemical devices for energy conversion and storage. Activated carbons possessing highly specific surface areas are applied as electrodes in electrochemical capacitors and for supporting active species in electrocatalysis. Graphite is used as an anode material in commercial, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The development of nanostructured carbon forms, such as nanodiamonds, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, has led to the chemical design of carbon-based nanomaterials with exceptional electrochemical characteristics. In recent years, tremendous effort has been made to find methods to produce carbon nanomaterials with desired morphology, texture, and surface composition characteristics and to establish important relationships between these parameters and the electrochemical performance of a specific device.

The aim of this Special Issue of Nanomaterials is to discuss the use of nanostructured sp2-hybridized carbon nanomaterials for electrochemical capacitors. Owing to their high power density, short charging time, and long-term working stability, these devices are becoming important for various applications. We invite researchers to submit their original results on relevant topics, such as structure tailoring, surface activation, and the capacitive behavior of carbon in different electrolytes.

Dr. Lyubov G. Bulusheva
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electrochemical capacitors
  • carbon nanomaterials
  • heteroatom doping
  • ion transport

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3041 KiB  
Article
Enhancement of Volumetric Capacitance of Binder-Free Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Film via Fluorination
by Olga A. Gurova, Vitalii I. Sysoev, Egor V. Lobiak, Anna A. Makarova, Igor P. Asanov, Alexander V. Okotrub, Leonid V. Kulik and Lyubov G. Bulusheva
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(5), 1135; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11051135 - 27 Apr 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1826
Abstract
Robust electrode materials without the addition of binders allow increasing efficiency of electrical storage devices. We demonstrate the fabrication of binder-free electrodes from modified single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). Modification of SWCNTs included a sonication in 1,2-dichlorobenzene and/or fluorination [...] Read more.
Robust electrode materials without the addition of binders allow increasing efficiency of electrical storage devices. We demonstrate the fabrication of binder-free electrodes from modified single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). Modification of SWCNTs included a sonication in 1,2-dichlorobenzene and/or fluorination with gaseous BrF3 at room temperature. The sonication caused the shortening of SWCNTs and the splitting of their bundles. As a result, the film prepared from such SWCNTs had a higher density and attached a larger amount of fluorine as compared to the film from non-sonicated SWCNTs. In EDLCs with 1M H2SO4 electrolyte, the fluorinated films were gradually defluorinated, which lead to an increase of the specific capacitance by 2.5–4 times in comparison with the initial values. Although the highest gravimetric capacitance (29 F g−1 at 100 mV s−1) was observed for the binder-free film from non-modified SWCNT, the fluorinated film from the sonicated SWCNTs had an enhanced volumetric capacitance (44 F cm−3 at 100 mV s−1). Initial SWCNT films and defluorinated films showed stable work in EDLCs during several thousand cycles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials)
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10 pages, 20089 KiB  
Article
Ionic Transport in CsNO2-Based Nanocomposites with Inclusions of Surface Functionalized Nanodiamonds
by Yulia G. Mateyshina, Dmitriy V. Alekseev and Nikolai F. Uvarov
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 414; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020414 - 05 Feb 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1657
Abstract
Composite solid electrolytes (1 − x)CsNO2-xND, where ND are nanodiamonds, including those after liquid-phase and gas-phase oxidation and reduction functionalization, were prepared, and their properties investigated by XRD, analysis of BET nitrogen adsorption isotherms, IR spectroscopy and impedance spectroscopy. The electrical [...] Read more.
Composite solid electrolytes (1 − x)CsNO2-xND, where ND are nanodiamonds, including those after liquid-phase and gas-phase oxidation and reduction functionalization, were prepared, and their properties investigated by XRD, analysis of BET nitrogen adsorption isotherms, IR spectroscopy and impedance spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of composites (1 − x)CsNO2-xND obeys the Arrhenius dependence and has a maximum at x = 0.95 regardless of the ND pretreatment. It was found that the conductivity depends on the mode of functionalization of the ND surface, as well as on the processing time. The electrical conductivity of composites with ND, processed by the gas-phase method, is 1.5–2.6 times higher than that of composites with initial ND, in which the conductivity is 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of pure cesium nitrate. Thus, the possibility of using ND as an effective heterogeneous additive for the preparation of composite solid electrolytes, including cesium nitrite, has been demonstrated for the first time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials)
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13 pages, 4756 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Application of Fe-N Co-Doped GNR@CNT Cathode Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Microbial Fuel Cells
by Man Zhang, Zhaokun Ma and Huaihe Song
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 377; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020377 - 02 Feb 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2496
Abstract
Through one-step pyrolysis, non-noble-metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts were constructed from ferric trichloride, melamine, and graphene nanoribbon@carbon nanotube (GNR@CNT), in which a portion of the multiwall carbon nanotube is unwrapped/unzipped radially, and thus graphene nanoribbon is exposed. In this study, Fe-N/GNR@CNT materials [...] Read more.
Through one-step pyrolysis, non-noble-metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts were constructed from ferric trichloride, melamine, and graphene nanoribbon@carbon nanotube (GNR@CNT), in which a portion of the multiwall carbon nanotube is unwrapped/unzipped radially, and thus graphene nanoribbon is exposed. In this study, Fe-N/GNR@CNT materials were used as an air-cathode electrocatalyst in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for the first time. The Fe-N/C shows similar power generation ability to commercial Pt/C, and its electron transfer number is 3.57, indicating that the ORR process primarily occurs with 4-electron. Fe species, pyridinic-N, graphitic-N, and oxygen-containing groups existing in GNR@CNT frameworks are likely to endow the electrocatalysts with good ORR performance, suggesting that a GNR@CNT-based carbon supporter would be a good candidate for the non-precious metal catalyst to replace Pt-based precious metal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials)
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19 pages, 12819 KiB  
Article
Hydrothermal Activation of Porous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors and Sodium-Ion Batteries
by Yuliya V. Fedoseeva, Egor V. Lobiak, Elena V. Shlyakhova, Konstantin A. Kovalenko, Viktoriia R. Kuznetsova, Anna A. Vorfolomeeva, Mariya A. Grebenkina, Alina D. Nishchakova, Anna A. Makarova, Lyubov G. Bulusheva and Alexander V. Okotrub
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(11), 2163; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10112163 - 29 Oct 2020
Cited by 45 | Viewed by 3411
Abstract
Highly porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials have distinct advantages in energy storage and conversion technologies. In the present work, hydrothermal treatments in water or ammonia solution were used for modification of mesoporous nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon, synthesized by deposition of acetonitrile vapors on the pyrolysis [...] Read more.
Highly porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials have distinct advantages in energy storage and conversion technologies. In the present work, hydrothermal treatments in water or ammonia solution were used for modification of mesoporous nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon, synthesized by deposition of acetonitrile vapors on the pyrolysis products of calcium tartrate. Morphology, composition, and textural characteristics of the original and activated materials were studied by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and nitrogen gas adsorption method. Both treatments resulted in a slight increase in specific surface area and volume of micropores and small mesopores due to the etching of carbon surface. Compared to the solely aqueous medium, activation with ammonia led to stronger destruction of the graphitic shells, the formation of larger micropores (1.4 nm vs. 0.6 nm), a higher concentration of carbonyl groups, and the addition of nitrogen-containing groups. The tests of nitrogen-doped carbon materials as electrodes in 1M H2SO4 electrolyte and sodium-ion batteries showed improvement of electrochemical performance after hydrothermal treatments especially when ammonia was used. The activation method developed in this work is hopeful to open up a new route of designing porous nitrogen-doped carbon materials for electrochemical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials)
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