Nanotechnology in Chemical Sensors and Biosensors

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2024) | Viewed by 5580

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
Interests: sensing materials; chemical sensors; biosensors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Owing to the ever-increasing development trend of the Internet of Things (IOT) and artificial intelligence (AI), chemical sensors and biosensors have emerged to provide environmental information, including gas, humidity, pressure, biological substance, and so on. To realize a reliable detection, it is necessary to design advanced sensing materials, which will react with the analytes to produce detectable sensing signals.

The present Special Issue on “Nanotechnology in Chemical Sensors and Biosensors” is aimed at designing novel sensing materials including metal–oxide semiconductors, graphene, transition-metal sulfides, MXenes, and their composites. Papers on the advanced fabrication technology of nanomaterials and sensors are encouraged. Reports on novel concepts or sensing mechanisms will also be considered, but only if they are helpful towards solving meaningful analytical problems. Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Advanced sensing materials and sensing mechanisms;
  • Chemical production technology for sensing films;
  • Exploration of sensing application for health and environment;
  • Sensing arrays.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Tingting Zhou
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • chemical sensors
  • biosensors
  • sensing array
  • sensing mechanisms

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 6116 KiB  
Article
The Slight Adjustment in the Weight of Sulfur Sheets to Synthesize β-NiS Nanobelts for Maintaining Detection of Lower Concentrations of Glucose through a Long-Term Storage Test
by Hsiensheng Lin, Chengming Peng, Jenbin Shi, Bochi Zheng, Hsuanwei Lee, Pofeng Wu and Minway Lee
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(16), 2371; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13162371 - 18 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1232
Abstract
The β-nickel sulfide (β-NiS) nanobelts were fabricated by electrodepositing a nickel nanosheet film on Indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates and sulfuring the nickel film on ITO-coated glass substrates. The sulfurization method can be used to form nanobelts without a template. A small [...] Read more.
The β-nickel sulfide (β-NiS) nanobelts were fabricated by electrodepositing a nickel nanosheet film on Indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates and sulfuring the nickel film on ITO-coated glass substrates. The sulfurization method can be used to form nanobelts without a template. A small glass tube was used to anneal the sulfur sheet with a nickel nanosheet film. After applying vacuum to the tube, the specimen was annealed at 500 °C. By adjusting the weight of the sulfur sheet in a small glass tube, a nanobelt structure can be formed on the film for 4 h. The β-NiS nanobelt film had a sulfide and nickel molar ratio that was nearly 0.7 (S/Ni). After five years of a long-term storage test, the β-NiS nanobelt films were able to measure the glucose in a solution with the value of sensitivity of 8.67 µA cm−2 µM−1. The β-NiS nanobelt film also detected glucose with a limit of low detection (LOD) of around 0.173 µM. The estimation of reproducibility was over 98%. Therefore, the β-NiS nanobelt film has a significant ability to detect low concentrations of glucose in a solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology in Chemical Sensors and Biosensors)
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12 pages, 4049 KiB  
Article
Flexible Room-Temperature Ammonia Gas Sensors Based on PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS Film for Breathing Analysis and Food Safety
by Chonghui Zhu, Tingting Zhou, Hong Xia and Tong Zhang
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(7), 1158; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13071158 - 24 Mar 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2077
Abstract
Gas sensors have played a critical role in healthcare, atmospheric environmental monitoring, military applications and so on. In particular, flexible sensing devices are of great interest, benefitting from flexibility and wearability. However, developing flexible gas sensors with a high sensitivity, great stability and [...] Read more.
Gas sensors have played a critical role in healthcare, atmospheric environmental monitoring, military applications and so on. In particular, flexible sensing devices are of great interest, benefitting from flexibility and wearability. However, developing flexible gas sensors with a high sensitivity, great stability and workability is still challenging. In this work, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were grown on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films, which were further modified with polyaniline (PANI) using a simple chemical oxidation synthesis. The superior flexibility of the PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS film enabled a stable initial resistance value, even under bending conditions. The flexible sensor showed excellent NH3 sensing performances, including a high response (11.8 ± 0.2 for 40 ppm of NH3) and a low limit of detection (10 ppb) at room temperature. Moreover, the effect of a humid environment on the NH3 sensing performances was investigated. The results show that the response of the sensor is enhanced under high humidity conditions because water molecules can promote the adsorption of NH3 on the PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS films. In addition, the PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS film sensor had the abilities of detecting NH3 in the simulated breath of patients with kidney disease and the freshness of shrimp. These above results reveal the potential application of the PANI-MWCNTs/PDMS sensor for monitoring NH3 in human breath and food. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology in Chemical Sensors and Biosensors)
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17 pages, 7507 KiB  
Article
Hybrid Nanomat: Copolymer Template CdSe Quantum Dots In Situ Stabilized and Immobilized within Nanofiber Matrix
by Viraj P. Nirwan, Magdalena Lasak, Karol Ciepluch and Amir Fahmi
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(4), 630; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13040630 - 5 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1871
Abstract
Fabrication and characterization of hybrid nanomats containing quantum dots can play a prominent role in the development of advanced biosensors and bio-based semiconductors. Owing to their size-dependent properties and controlled nanostructures, quantum dots (QDs) exhibit distinct optical and electronic characteristics. However, QDs include [...] Read more.
Fabrication and characterization of hybrid nanomats containing quantum dots can play a prominent role in the development of advanced biosensors and bio-based semiconductors. Owing to their size-dependent properties and controlled nanostructures, quantum dots (QDs) exhibit distinct optical and electronic characteristics. However, QDs include heavy metals and often require stabilizing agents which are toxic for biological applications. Here, to mitigate the use of toxic ligands, cadmium selenide quantum dots (CdSe QDs) were synthesized in situ with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at room temperature. The addition of PVP polymer provided size regulation, stability, and control over size distribution of CdSe QDs. The characterization of the optical properties of the CdSe QDs was performed using fluorescence and ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. CdSe QDs exhibited a typical absorbance peak at 280 nm and a photoluminescence emission peak at 580 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs demonstrated that CdSe QDs having an average size of 6 ± 4 nm were obtained via wet chemistry method. CdSe QDs were immobilized in a blend of PVP and poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PL-b-CL) copolymer that was electrospun to produce nanofibers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal analyses and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were used to characterize properties of fabricated nanofibers. Both pristine and hybrid nanofibers possessed cylindrical geometry and rough surface features, facilitating increased surface area. Infrared absorption spectra showed a slight shift in absorbance peaks due to interaction of PVP-coated CdSe QDs and nanofiber matrix. The presence of CdSe QDs influenced the fiber diameter and their thermal stability. Further, in vitro biological analyses of hybrid nanofibers showed promising antibacterial effect and decline in cancer cell viability. This study offers a simple approach to obtain hybrid nanomats immobilized with size-controlled PVP-coated CdSe QDs, which have potential applications as biosensors and antibacterial and anticancer cell agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology in Chemical Sensors and Biosensors)
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