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Food Chemistry—New Compounds

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2019) | Viewed by 10284

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Food Quality Assessment, Faculty of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: food chemistry; food analysis; bioactivity; antioxidants; food toxicants; aroma profile; changes upon food storage

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Guest Editor
Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: polyphenols; polyphenols derivatives; food products; plant-derived products; new techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Food Science and Technology, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
Interests: functional foods and nutraceuticals; phytochemicals; gene expression of biological compounds

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research focused on food chemistry has resulted in outstanding knowledge concerning the structure and properties of a huge number of compounds found in foodstuffs. Many of them were found to be bioactive or toxic to human organisms. Those discoveries led to the intensified interest of food scientists, directed at their occurence and transformations, resulting in many publications extending our knowledge and in health benefits arising from targeted modifications of the products offered to consumers. However, there are areas that have not yet been fully explored and components that have not been described. Opportunities and challenges for food scientists lie among novel food sources, or result from the application of contemporary analytical techniques, allowing deeper insight into food constituents (such as multi-dimensional chromatography, mass spectrometry or modern spectrophotometric techniques). New compounds may also appear as an effect of interactions and other chemical changes occurring during food treatment or storage, e.g. fermentation or ripening. Finally, food digestion significantly alters its composition, leading to the release of new fragments, with different chemical properties and activity. This Special Issue is dedicated to such new discoveries in food chemistry, to the identification of new constituents, new structures and isomers, and to the assessment of their bioactivity.

Dr. Rafał Wołosiak
Dr. Dorota Derewiaka
Dr. Pin-Der Duh 
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • food composition
  • changes of food constituents
  • processing and storage
  • food digestion
  • contemporary food analysis
  • bioactive compounds

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2817 KiB  
Article
Succinylation Improves the Thermal Stability of Egg White Proteins
by Dabo He, Ying Lv and Qigen Tong
Molecules 2019, 24(20), 3783; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203783 - 21 Oct 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4055
Abstract
Succinylation can improve the thermal stability of various proteins. In this study, succinylated egg white protein (SEWP) samples with different succinylation degrees were prepared by adding various succinic anhydride additives to egg white protein (EWP). The thermal stability of SEWP and the conformational [...] Read more.
Succinylation can improve the thermal stability of various proteins. In this study, succinylated egg white protein (SEWP) samples with different succinylation degrees were prepared by adding various succinic anhydride additives to egg white protein (EWP). The thermal stability of SEWP and the conformational structure under various succinylation degrees were investigated. With the increase in succinylation degree, the turbidity of heated SEWP solution (90 °C for 30 min) markedly declined. The heated SEWP solution with high succinylation degree (37.63%, 66.57%, and 72.37%) was transparent. Moreover, the result of differential scanning calorimetry confirmed that the thermal stability of succinylated EWP increased. The results of intrinsic fluorescence spectra and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy illustrate that succinylation changed the conformational structure of EWP. Succinylation increased the electrostatic repulsion and decreased the surface hydrophobicity, and it changed the aggregation morphology of EWP. Cross-linked spherical aggregates of low succinylation degree transformed to thready aggregates of a high succinylation degree. Thus, succinylation improved the thermal stability of EWP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Chemistry—New Compounds)
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16 pages, 766 KiB  
Article
Proteinaceous Residue Removal from Oat β-Glucan Extracts Obtained by Alkaline Water Extraction
by Joanna Harasym, Ewa Żyła, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska and Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Molecules 2019, 24(9), 1729; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091729 - 03 May 2019
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3184
Abstract
Background: Wet methods of 1-3, 1-4 -β-D-glucan isolation from cereals differ mainly in the type of grain fraction used as raw material, the solid-liquid ratio of β-glucan in raw material vs. solvent used, and the type of aqueous solvent modification (alkali, neutral [...] Read more.
Background: Wet methods of 1-3, 1-4 -β-D-glucan isolation from cereals differ mainly in the type of grain fraction used as raw material, the solid-liquid ratio of β-glucan in raw material vs. solvent used, and the type of aqueous solvent modification (alkali, neutral or acidic). All these factors impact the characterization of the residues finally found in extracts. Oat bran is a rich source of globulin fraction which can be transferred into the extracts, especially when a high pH is employed. Methods: A multi-stage (enzymatic and acidic) purification procedure was performed to remove the residues, especially starch and protein, from β-glucan isolates from oat of different molar mass. Pancreatin, thermostable α-amylase, amyloglucosidase, and papain were used for consecutive residue removal. Three levels of low pH = 4.5, 3.5 and 3.0 were also tested for effective protein precipitation. Results: The starch hydrolysis and liquefaction significantly facilitate the proteinaceous matter removal although papain usage showed an intensive unfavorable impact on β-glucan molar mass. Soluble protein content was significantly decreased after pancreatin and α-amylase treatment, while the significant reduction of amine nitrogen was noted after complete starch hydrolysis and a second acidification step. Conclusions: A complex procedure employing different enzymes is needed to successfully reduce the possibly bioactive residues in isolated oat β-glucan fractions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Chemistry—New Compounds)
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13 pages, 4680 KiB  
Article
Chemical Constituents with Inhibitory Activity of NO Production from a Wild Edible Mushroom, Russula vinosa Lindbl, May Be Its Nutritional Ingredients
by Guodong Zhang, Huawei Geng, Chunxia Zhao, Fangyi Li, Zhen-Fa Li, Boshu Lun, Chunhua Wang, Heshui Yu, Songtao Bie and Zheng Li
Molecules 2019, 24(7), 1305; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071305 - 03 Apr 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2632
Abstract
Russula vinosa Lindbl is a wild edible mushroom that is usually used for original material of food and soup and has rich nutritional value. What are the nutritional ingredients? In order to answer this question, we investigated the chemical constituents of this wild [...] Read more.
Russula vinosa Lindbl is a wild edible mushroom that is usually used for original material of food and soup and has rich nutritional value. What are the nutritional ingredients? In order to answer this question, we investigated the chemical constituents of this wild functional food. Six new compounds (16), together with nine known ones (715), were isolated from R. vinosa. The six new compounds were named as vinosane (1), rulepidadione C (2), (24E)-3,4-seco-cucurbita-4,24-diene-26,29-dioic acid-3-methyl ester (3), (24E)-3,4-seco-cucurbita-4,24-diene-26-oic acid-3-ethyl ester (4), (24E)-3β-hydroxycucurbita-5,24-diene-26,29-dioic acid (5), and (2S,3S,4R,2′R)-2-(2′-hydroxydocosanoylamino)eicosane-1,3,4-triol (6). Their structures were determined based on spectroscopic methods including HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR. Moreover, a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8 kit) was used to screen for the cytotoxicity of compounds 15 and 713 on mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that compounds 15 and 713 had no obvious cytotoxicity. In addition, the inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 7, 12, and 13 showed moderate inhibitory activity on NO production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Chemistry—New Compounds)
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