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Minerals
Special Issues
Formation of Gemstones and Geology of Gem Deposits
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Formation of Gemstones and Geology of Gem Deposits

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Deposits".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 5536

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Guanghai Shi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: mineralogy; petrology; gemmology; ore deposits; U-Pb geochronology
Prof. Dr. Tao Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Gemmology Institute, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: gemmology; mineral microstructure; TEM analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Liang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Gemmology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: orogenic gold deposits; structural control on gold mineralization; low-temperature thermochronology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gemstones are sought after due to their beauty, durability, rarity, and high value. Ever since their discovery, gemologists have been seeking genetic connections with geology, because they represent special geological conditions which can provide a window for understanding the special formation of gemstones, even as earth evolves. The same species of gemstones might show similar characteristics worldwide. Systematic and comprehensive research in the geology and genesis of gemstones might therefore explain the correlation between characteristics and forming processes and guide geographic determination and identification in gemology.

This Special Issue aims to present gemstone deposits in relation to gemology, mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry, geochronology, etc. We are interested in combined research (e.g., field research, geological setting, mineralogy, gemology, petrology, geochemistry, and geochronology) which can provide good information regarding ore genesis and comprehensive understanding of the identification, evaluation, enhancement, treatment, and geographic determination of gemstones.

The Special Issue invites submissions including original scientific research relating to gemstone deposits worldwide. The Special Issue focuses on the following topics: 1) mineralogical, gemological, geochemical, geochronological, and spectroscopy characteristics and their implications on the genesis of gemstones; 2) the forming processes and mineralization mechanisms of gem deposits worldwide; 3) studies of new discoveries of gem deposits and new gem species; 4) exhumation or burial history, weathering processes, preservation potential, and the exploration of gem deposits; 5) critical reviews of all aspects of gem deposits worldwide.

Prof. Dr. Guanghai Shi
Prof. Dr. Tao Chen
Dr. Liang Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • features of gemstones and their hosts
  • formation of gemstones
  • geochronology of gemstones
  • gemstone deposits
  • geological process
  • geochemistry characterization
  • geographic origin
  • weathering process of gemstone

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5881 KiB  
Article
Trapiche-like Quartz from Dongwuqi Area, Inner Mongolia, China
by Ling Jiang and Yingxin Liu
Minerals 2023, 13(7), 967; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070967 - 21 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1288
Abstract
Trapiche-like quartz, which is scarcely reported, has a unique texture with a core, six arms, and quartz growth sectors. This study is based on six trapiche-like quartz from the Dongwuqi area, Inner Mongolia, China. Many experiments have been carried out to investigate the [...] Read more.
Trapiche-like quartz, which is scarcely reported, has a unique texture with a core, six arms, and quartz growth sectors. This study is based on six trapiche-like quartz from the Dongwuqi area, Inner Mongolia, China. Many experiments have been carried out to investigate the basic gemological characteristics, crystal structures, and chemical compositions. Magnification observation has demonstrated that the texture is due to the distribution of white-colored chalcedony in growth sectors. Spherical and black inclusions have been identified as iron oxides by Raman spectra and EPMA. EPMA and LA-ICP-MS data have shown that the samples were grown in an acidic environment with an average medium-high temperature of 325 °C. Combined with the crystal growth theories and infrared experiments, we propose that the trapiche-like texture is the result of dislocation glide, which is caused by the existence of water and changes in temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Gemstones and Geology of Gem Deposits)
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20 pages, 17144 KiB  
Article
Nyrdvomenshor Nephrite Deposit, Polar Urals, Russia
by Evgeniy V. Kislov, Mikhail P. Popov, Firat M. Nurmukhametov, Viktor F. Posokhov and Vladislav V. Vanteev
Minerals 2023, 13(6), 767; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13060767 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1365
Abstract
We studied the quality characteristics, chemical, mineral and isotope composition of nephrite, diopsidite and rodingite of the Nyrdvomenshor nephrite deposit in the Polar Urals. We applied visual petrographic and mineralogical studies, X-ray spectral fluorescence, ICP-MS analysis, and a scanning electron microscope with a [...] Read more.
We studied the quality characteristics, chemical, mineral and isotope composition of nephrite, diopsidite and rodingite of the Nyrdvomenshor nephrite deposit in the Polar Urals. We applied visual petrographic and mineralogical studies, X-ray spectral fluorescence, ICP-MS analysis, and a scanning electron microscope with a dispersive microanalysis system, to measure the oxygen isotope composition. According to its quality characteristics, the nephrite was substandard. Here, uvarovite, which forms idiomorphic grains, sometimes sheath-like and less often xenomorphic elongated, and substituting the chromite, was commonly encountered. The nephrite was formed due to both metamorphic and metasomatic processes. The serpentinite was replaced by diopsidite, which was then replaced by nephrite. The metamorphism intensified the metasomatism of the serpentinite melange and provided the cryptocrystalline tangled-fibrous structure of the nephrite. Then, metamorphism and metasomatism led to the formation of omphacite and the cracking of the nephrite, which reduced its quality. As these processes progressed, the contribution of the crustal fluid increased. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Gemstones and Geology of Gem Deposits)
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16 pages, 12957 KiB  
Article
Unique Interstitial Textures within Coarse-Grained Jadeitite from Kazakhstan and Their Significance in Locality Identification
by Jiabao Wen, Guanghai Shi, Biqian Xing, Taafee Long and Jinhong Zhang
Minerals 2023, 13(4), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13040513 - 04 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1427
Abstract
Unique finer-grained interstitial textures, occurring as small blocks or irregular shapes of 0.15–10 mm, were found merging in the coarse-grained textures of Kazakhstan jadeitite. According to the mineral content, the interstitial texture could be classified into two types: Type I, consisting of almost [...] Read more.
Unique finer-grained interstitial textures, occurring as small blocks or irregular shapes of 0.15–10 mm, were found merging in the coarse-grained textures of Kazakhstan jadeitite. According to the mineral content, the interstitial texture could be classified into two types: Type I, consisting of almost all jadeite crystals, minor omphacite, and little analcime, and Type II, comprising mainly omphacite and analcime, with minor jadeite crystals. They both showed no obvious preferred orientation and have distinct boundaries with the coarse-grained textures but appear more transparent, with finer grain sizes and higher degrees of idiomorphism. The coarse-grained textures include granitoid textures and radial clusters. The granitoid textures formed by euhedral to subhedral prismatic grains usually show rhythmic zoning patterns and parallel intergrowths. Furthermore, fluid inclusions contain H2O and CH4, and it was supposed that the coarse-grained textures were formed by the precipitation of jadeitic fluids. However, perhaps due to the insufficient supply of the fluids or sufficient space, some interspaces were left among the coarser-grained jadeitite. Afterward, these interspaces were filled with precipitation of the successor H2O-richer fluids under a different P–T condition from that of the former coarser-grained jadeitite, and consequently, two kinds of interstitial textures formed. Such interstitial textures seem to appear only in Kazakhstan and therefore could serve as a typical visual identification feature of Kazakhstan jadeitite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Gemstones and Geology of Gem Deposits)
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