Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Polymetallic Ore Deposits

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Deposits".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 3424

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departament Enginyeria Minera, Industrial i TIC, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08242 Manresa, Spain
Interests: ore deposits; stable isotopes; geochemistry; quantitative mineralogy; geometallurgy; environmental pollution; waste recycling; supplementary cemetitous materials; calcined clays
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Guest Editor
School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
Interests: sediment-hosted ore deposits; metallogeny; geochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymetallic ore deposits comprise most ore deposits, especially those of base metals.  These deposits are also highly topical as they are the main source of many critical elements, such as In, Ge, Sb, and others. Consequently, many of these deposits are of great economic and strategic importance. Studying their mineralogy and geochemistry is essential to establish their genesis, exploration, and mineral processing. Therefore, their knowledge will be necessary to address the extraction of mineral resources in an optimal way, and, therefore, in accordance with the premises of sustainability. Although there is much literature on them, improvements in current analytical techniques and the knowledge of mineral processes make it necessary to review their characterization with the introduction of details that allow them to be better understood and their resources to be managed more efficiently.

In this Special Issue, we will address the latest achievements in the mineralogy and geochemistry of polymetallic deposits, as tools to obtain information that will advance our understanding of the deposits, and, therefore, increase the availability of our mineral resources. Studies using the wide range of characterization techniques currently available (trace element chemistry, mineral chemistry, micro thermometry of fluid inclusions, stable isotopes, among others) are welcome.

Dr. Pura Alfonso
Dr. Abdorrahman Rajabi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • polymetallic deposits
  • ore mineralogy
  • geochemistry
  • ore-forming process
  • process mineralogy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

42 pages, 113259 KiB  
Article
Hypogene Alteration of Base–Metal Mineralization at the Václav Vein (Březové Hory Deposit, Příbram, Czech Republic): The Result of Recurrent Infiltration of Oxidized Fluids
by Zdeněk Dolníček, Jiří Sejkora and Pavel Škácha
Minerals 2024, 14(10), 1038; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14101038 - 17 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1015
Abstract
The Václav vein (Březové Hory deposit, Příbram ore area, Czech Republic) is a base–metal vein containing minor Cu-Zn-Pb-Ag-Sb sulfidic mineralization in a usually hematitized gangue. A detailed mineralogical study using an electron microprobe revealed a complicated multistage evolution of the vein. Early siderite [...] Read more.
The Václav vein (Březové Hory deposit, Příbram ore area, Czech Republic) is a base–metal vein containing minor Cu-Zn-Pb-Ag-Sb sulfidic mineralization in a usually hematitized gangue. A detailed mineralogical study using an electron microprobe revealed a complicated multistage evolution of the vein. Early siderite and Fe-rich dolomite were strongly replaced by assemblages of hematite+rhodochrosite and hematite+kutnohorite/Mn-rich dolomite, respectively. In addition, siderite also experienced strong silicification. These changes were associated with the dissolution of associated sulfides (sphalerite, galena). The following portion of the vein contains low-Mn dolomite and calcite gangue with Zn-rich chlorite, wittichenite, tetrahedrite-group minerals, chalcopyrite, bornite, and djurleite, again showing common replacement textures in case of sulfides. The latest stage was characterized by the input of Ag and Hg, giving rise to Ag-Cu sulfides, native silver (partly Hg-rich), balkanite, and (meta)cinnabar. We explain the formation of hematite-bearing oxidized assemblages at the expense of pre-existing “normal” Příbram mineralization due to repeated episodic infiltration of oxygenated surface waters during the vein evolution. Episodic mixing of ore fluids with surface waters was suggested from previous stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies in the Příbram ore area. Our mineralogical study thus strengthens this genetic scenario, illustrates the dynamics of fluid movement during the evolution of a distinct ore vein structure, and shows that the low content of ore minerals cannot be necessarily a primary feature of a vein. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Polymetallic Ore Deposits)
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20 pages, 11481 KiB  
Article
Geological Controlling Factors on Mississippi Valley-Type Pb-Zn Mineralization in Western Semnan, Iran
by Soran Qaderi, Abbas Maghsoudi, Amin Beiranvand Pour and Mahyar Yousefi
Minerals 2024, 14(9), 957; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14090957 - 21 Sep 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1360
Abstract
Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn deposits are a subtype of sedimentary-hosted mineralization. These deposits are hosted by carbonate sequences in passive-margin tectonic settings. This paper uses the Fry technique and distance distribution analysis to model the spatial distribution pattern of MVT Pb-Zn deposits in [...] Read more.
Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn deposits are a subtype of sedimentary-hosted mineralization. These deposits are hosted by carbonate sequences in passive-margin tectonic settings. This paper uses the Fry technique and distance distribution analysis to model the spatial distribution pattern of MVT Pb-Zn deposits in the west of Semnan province (Iran) and their association with some geological features, aiming at mapping mineral prospectivity in the area. The modeling results reveal that NE–SW trending faults and Permian-Cretaceous dolomites and limestone are, respectively, major structural and lithological controlling factors of mineralization that operate as conduits and physicochemical subsystems of ore formation. The integration of the corresponding evidence maps of the controlling factors with a model of the geochemical signature of MVT Pb-Zn deposits through a supervised random forest approach, a machine learning technique, gains an exceptional prospectivity map predicting 100% of the known MVT Pb-Zn deposits in only 15% of the study area, which is an achievement. The recognized targets can be planned for further exploration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Polymetallic Ore Deposits)
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