Geometallurgical Approaches to Tailings Management and Resource Recovery

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Mineralogy and Biogeochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1692

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
WH Bryan Mining Geology Research Centre, Sustainable Minerals Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4068, Australia
Interests: mine waste characterisation; geometallurgy; geochemistry and mineralogy; critical minerals; resource estimation; geostatistics; acid mine drainage

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Guest Editor
W.H.Bryan Mining and Geology Research Centre, Sustainable Minerals Institute, University of Queensland, 40 Isles Road, Indooroopilly, Brisbane, QLD 4068, Australia
Interests: geometallurgical and geoenvironmental characterisation; tailings characterisation and reprocessing; acid mine drainage; mine waste characterisation and repurposing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
WH Bryan Mining Geology Research Centre, Sustainable Minerals Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4068, Australia
Interests: geometallurgy; process optimisation; low-grade ore and mine waste characterisation; mineral processing; gold hydrometallurgy; and environmental geochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The generation of large volumes of mine waste (such as tailings, waste rock, slag, etc.) from the mining and processing of metalliferous ores poses significant challenges for their management and storage. One solution may be the valorization of mine waste through metal recovery and/or use as industrial raw materials. Mine waste and, in particular, tailings may contain significant amounts of valuable and critical minerals that were not previously recovered (e.g., cobalt, indium, rare earth elements). Sulphidic mine waste also presents a risk of acid production and metalliferous drainage. Through the use of geometallurgical approaches, the environmental risks of mine waste can be better managed, and their resource potential can be unlocked by better integrating geochemical and mineralogical knowledge with mining, processing, and environmental factors.

This Special Issue invites submissions relating to aspects of the geometallurgy of tailings deposits and other mine waste throughout all stages of the mining value chain, with a focus on resource recovery and environmental factors. Topics may include (1) sampling of tailings and mine waste deposits; (2) the geometallurgical characterization and process mineralogy of tailings and mine waste; (3) reprocessing of mine waste for metal and critical mineral recovery; (4) the desulphurization and geoenvironmental characterization of tailings and mine waste; (5) the application of geophysical methods to tailings deposits; (6) geometallurgical modelling of tailings and mine waste deposits to assess resource potential; (7) case studies of geometallurgical characterization of tailings or other mine waste.

Dr. Rosie Blannin
Dr. Anita Parbhakar-Fox
Dr. Steve Jason Chingwaru
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • mine waste
  • tailings
  • geometallurgy
  • secondary prospectivity
  • critical minerals
  • process mineralogy
  • minerals processing
  • geoenvironmental characterization
  • acid and metalliferous drainage
  • desulphurization
  • geophysics
  • sampling
  • case studies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 5102 KB  
Article
An Integrated Hydrogen Metallurgy Route of Vanadium–Titanium Magnetite for Efficient Recovery of Fe, V, and Ti
by Hongqiang Liu, Vaso Manojlovic, Shiwei Wang, Heng Ji, Renguo Li, Yanan Gao and Minglei Gao
Minerals 2026, 16(2), 177; https://doi.org/10.3390/min16020177 - 6 Feb 2026
Viewed by 906
Abstract
Vanadium–titanium magnetite is a strategically important resource for iron, vanadium, and titanium production, yet its utilization in conventional blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace routes is limited by the dilution of titanium into low-value slag. This study investigates an integrated process route combining pellet preparation, [...] Read more.
Vanadium–titanium magnetite is a strategically important resource for iron, vanadium, and titanium production, yet its utilization in conventional blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace routes is limited by the dilution of titanium into low-value slag. This study investigates an integrated process route combining pellet preparation, hydrogen-based shaft furnace reduction conducted in the temperature range of 800–1000 °C, and subsequent electric furnace smelting for efficient recovery of Fe, V, and Ti. Pellets prepared from 100 wt.% vanadium–titanium magnetite exhibited sufficient mechanical strength but showed poor reducibility and severe low-temperature reduction disintegration, rendering them unsuitable for hydrogen-based shaft furnace operation. To overcome these limitations, systematic ore blending was applied. An optimized pellet composition comprising 40 wt.% vanadium–titanium magnetite, 50 wt.% high-grade iron ore, and 10 wt.% titanium concentrate achieved reduction degrees above 90%, acceptable swelling and bonding behavior, and low reduction disintegration indices meeting industrial HYL requirements. Industrial trials in a hydrogen-based shaft furnace demonstrated stable operation and consistent product quality, producing direct reduced iron with controlled metallization and enrichment of titanium and vanadium. Subsequent electric furnace smelting achieved clear slag–metal separation, yielding hot metal with high iron and vanadium recovery and a TiO2-rich slag containing approximately 45 wt.% TiO2. Recovery rates of Fe, V, and Ti exceeded 90%, confirming the technical feasibility of the proposed process route. Full article
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