Microbial Diversity in Traditional Fermented Foods

A Special Issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607) belonging to the section "Food Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 1216

Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Food Industry, Miyagi University, Kurokawa, Japan
Interests: natural product organic chemistry; antibiotics; NMR; structure elucidation; applied microbiology

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Guest Editor Assistant
Yamagata Integrated Agricultural Research Center, Yamagata, Japan
Interests: traditional foods; bread making; fruit preservation (cherries); powdering and using rice and buckwheat

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fermentation is a fundamental method in food processing, and the microorganisms involved contribute to the umami, nutrition, and aroma of ingredients, making the produced food more flavorsome. Yogurt, cheese, sake, beer, and other products are commonly inoculated with starter microorganisms. However, in the case of bread, using a complex starter microbial community (sourdough) rather than yeast alone creates superior flavor and texture. The origins of leavened bread date back to ancient Egypt. In recent years, it has been discovered that bread can be made using one-day cultures of wheat flour (Ohisa et al. Quest Tradit. Food, 51, 22-26, 2024). An intestinal bacterium called Kosakonia cowanii is frequently isolated from the one-day culture. We seek to estimate the fermenting microorganisms used in the world's first leavened bread and investigate breads that get closer to the leavened breads of ancient Egypt.

(1) Traditional fermented foods;

(2) Fermented foods without adding starter;

(3) Ancient Egyptian approaches to fermented bread.

Dr. Toshikazu Komoda
Guest Editor

Dr. Naganori Ohisa
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • traditional fermented foods
  • food processing
  • sourdough (complex starter)
  • bread
  • yeast
  • Kosakonia cowanii
  • ancient Egypt
  • world's first leavened bread

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4061 KB  
Article
Influence of Different Closure Systems on Yeast Metabolism During the Secondary Fermentation of Traditional Method Sparkling Wines
by Sara Sofia Pinheiro, Maria João Cabrita and Marco Gomes da Silva
Microorganisms 2026, 14(8), 1623; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14081623 - 24 Jul 2026
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Abstract
Secondary fermentation is a critical stage in the production of traditional method sparkling wines, during which yeast metabolism drives major changes in wine composition. However, the biochemical processes occurring during this phase and the influence of bottle closure systems remain poorly understood. This [...] Read more.
Secondary fermentation is a critical stage in the production of traditional method sparkling wines, during which yeast metabolism drives major changes in wine composition. However, the biochemical processes occurring during this phase and the influence of bottle closure systems remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the evolution of basic oenological parameters, free amino acids and volatile compounds during the first 90 days of secondary fermentation under two bottle closure systems: crown cap and tirage-cork. Fermentation time was the principal factor governing wine composition, with the most pronounced metabolic changes occurring between 30 and 45 days after bottling. Active nitrogen metabolism was evidenced by substantial amino acid redistribution, particularly involving ASN, ORN, AAA, GLU and ASP, while the accumulation of higher alcohols and other fermentation-derived volatiles reflected intense yeast metabolic activity during bottle fermentation. Although both closure systems successfully completed fermentation, tirage-cork-fermented wines showed a tendency towards faster fermentation progression and distinct patterns of amino acid and volatile compound development. Pearson correlation analysis revealed generally weak to moderate associations between amino acids and their corresponding volatile compounds, supporting the view that aroma formation results from the integration of multiple metabolic processes rather than from precursor availability alone. Overall, the results suggest that closure-associated metabolic divergence becomes detectable during the active phase of secondary fermentation and may contribute to differences in nitrogenous and aroma-related compounds. These findings suggest that bottle closure may represent an important technological variable associated with differences in the metabolic and compositional trajectories observed during the active phase of secondary fermentation. Given the limited biological replication of the present study, these observations should be interpreted with caution and warrant confirmation through studies incorporating biological replication and direct measurements of oxygen transfer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Diversity in Traditional Fermented Foods)
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Review

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14 pages, 3119 KB  
Review
Traditional Foods and Starters Utilizing Salt and Osmo-Tolerant Yeast Hyphopichia burtonii
by Naganori Ohisa
Microorganisms 2026, 14(8), 1736; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14081736 - 7 Aug 2026
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Abstract
This paper aims to provide an overview of fermented foods involving yeast Hyphopichia burtonii and to promote its wider use. The tolerance to salt, osmotic pressure, and heat exhibited by H. burtonii is an advantageous trait for survival in the solid state. In [...] Read more.
This paper aims to provide an overview of fermented foods involving yeast Hyphopichia burtonii and to promote its wider use. The tolerance to salt, osmotic pressure, and heat exhibited by H. burtonii is an advantageous trait for survival in the solid state. In traditionally produced salami with a salt concentration of 2.5%, H. burtonii became the dominant species after 28 days of ripening and contributed to flavor development. Fermentation starters such as Murcha, Nuruk, and Daqu are produced via salt-free solid fermentation. H. burtonii was able to survive the high-temperature conditions associated with solid-state fermentation and drying processes. These fermentation starters used to produce flavorful alcoholic beverages such as rice wine, makgeolli, and baijiu. Certain strains of H. burtonii produced aroma compounds such as ethyl caproate and 3-methylthio-1-propanol, contributing to the flavor profile of the beverage. Two strategies can be used to leverage the advantages of H. burtonii, such as its salt tolerance and aroma production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Diversity in Traditional Fermented Foods)
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