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Microorganisms
Special Issues
State-of-the-Art Veterinary Microbiology in China (2023, 2024)
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State-of-the-Art Veterinary Microbiology in China (2023, 2024)

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2025) | Viewed by 5744

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wanjiang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
Interests: generation; transmission mechanism; prevention and control techniques of bacterial resistance in animals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Hai Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
Interests: viral infections; anti-viral immunity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diseases affecting livestock can result in major economic losses, and they are also sources of zoonotic infections in animal handlers and the general public from the consumption of animal food products. On the global scale, the pig, cattle, sheep, poultry, and aquaculture industries experience great losses as a result of microbial infections, and these infections, some of which are zoonotic, also have deleterious effects on wild animal species.

Companion animals exchange components of their microbial flora and their antimicrobial resistance genes with their owners. We live in a One Health age where, in a shrinking world, increasing amounts of contact are occurring between wild animals, livestock, and humans, resulting in the transfer of many pathogens, some of which can have global consequences. This relationship also means that many diseases affecting humans and animals must be tackled on a “One Health” basis.

This Special Issue, titled "State-of-the-Art Veterinary Microbiology in China (2023, 2024)", of Microorganisms is currently accepting manuscripts, namely original research and review articles, covering basic and applied areas of veterinary microbiology, microbial infections, and antimicrobial resistance.

Dr. Wanjiang Zhang
Prof. Dr. Hai Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • poultry diseases
  • pig diseases
  • cattle diseases
  • sheep and goat diseases
  • companion animals
  • laboratory animal diseases
  • AMR in animals
  • One Health
  • zoonotic infectious disease
  • animal models of infectious diseases
  • veterinary epidemiology
  • microbial virulence
  • pathology
  • animal microbiome
  • diagnosis and surveillance
  • immune response to infection in animals
  • vaccination
  • novel approaches to infection control
  • probiotics and prebiotics
  • exotic disease and diseases in zoological gardens

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4535 KiB  
Article
Decitabine Increases the Transcription of RIG-I Gene to Suppress the Replication of Feline Calicivirus and Canine Influenza Virus
by Shaotang Ye, Zhen Wang, Aolei Chen, Ying Chen, Gaoming Lou, Qingmei Xie, Gang Lu and Shoujun Li
Microorganisms 2025, 13(1), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010143 - 13 Jan 2025
Viewed by 877
Abstract
Developing novel antiviral drugs has always been a significant forefront in biological medicine research. Antiviral drugs can be extracted, purified, and synthesized from various biological sources and by different methods. However, they are less explored in veterinary medicine for animal viruses. This research [...] Read more.
Developing novel antiviral drugs has always been a significant forefront in biological medicine research. Antiviral drugs can be extracted, purified, and synthesized from various biological sources and by different methods. However, they are less explored in veterinary medicine for animal viruses. This research primarily selected feline calicivirus (FCV) to screen the novel antiviral drug against animal viruses. A preliminary screening from a natural product library was conducted, with subsequent assessments to ascertain their toxicity levels and antiviral capabilities. The results showed that decitabine and alprostadil were effective in reducing FCV replication. The decitabine (5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine) was selected for antiviral mechanism investigation. Decitabine has been proven to modulate gene expression through its demethylating effect. Thus, we carried out further experiments and found that decitabine inhibited the FCV by enhancing the transcription of the feline Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) gene. Moreover, we also validated the same antiviral effect and mechanism of decitabine against the canine influenza virus (CIV). In summary, this study unveils the antiviral role of decitabine against FCV and CIV and provides evidence and novel insights into the demethylation drug-mediated antiviral effect for animal RNA viruses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Veterinary Microbiology in China (2023, 2024))
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18 pages, 5966 KiB  
Article
Co-Regulation Mechanism of Host p53 and Fos in Transcriptional Activation of ILTV Immediate-Early Gene ICP4
by Zheyi Liu, Xuefeng Li, Lu Cui, Shufeng Feng, Zongxi Han, Yu Zhang, Shengwang Liu and Hai Li
Microorganisms 2024, 12(10), 2069; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12102069 - 16 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1097
Abstract
Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) exhibits a cascade expression pattern of encoded genes, and ICP4 is the only immediate-early gene of ILTV, which plays a crucial role in initiating the subsequent viral genes. Therefore, studying the transcriptional regulation mechanism of ICP4 holds promise for [...] Read more.
Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) exhibits a cascade expression pattern of encoded genes, and ICP4 is the only immediate-early gene of ILTV, which plays a crucial role in initiating the subsequent viral genes. Therefore, studying the transcriptional regulation mechanism of ICP4 holds promise for effectively blocking ILTV infection and spread. Host transcriptional factors p53 and Fos are proven to regulate a variety of viral infections, and our previous studies have demonstrated their synergistic effects in regulating ILTV infection. In this study, we constructed eukaryotic expression vectors for p53 and Fos as well as their specific siRNAs and transfected them into a chicken hepatoma cell line. The results showed that knocking down p53 or Fos significantly inhibited ICP4 transcription, while overexpressing p53 or Fos had an opposite effect. A further CoIP and ChIP-qPCR assay suggested p53 and Fos physically interacted with each other, and jointly bound to the upstream transcriptional regulatory region of ICP4. To elucidate the specific mechanisms of p53 and Fos in regulating ICP4 transcription, we designed p53 and Fos protein mutants by mutating their DNA binding domains, which significantly reduced their binding ability to DNA without affecting their interaction. The results showed that Fos directly bound to the promoter region of ICP4 as a binding target of p53, and the p53–Fos protein complex acted as a transcriptional co-regulator of ICP4. Studying the transcriptional process and regulatory pattern of ICP4 is of great significance for understanding the molecular mechanism of ILTV infection, and thus for finding effective methods to control and prevent it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Veterinary Microbiology in China (2023, 2024))
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14 pages, 2633 KiB  
Article
Swine Colibacillosis: Analysis of the Gut Bacterial Microbiome
by Wanli Sha, Emad Beshir Ata, Man Yan, Zhijie Zhang and Honggang Fan
Microorganisms 2024, 12(6), 1233; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061233 - 19 Jun 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1451
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the disruption of the swine gut microbiota and histopathological changes caused by infection with enterotoxigenic E. coli. Fecal samples were collected from piglets suffering from diarrhea post-recovery and healthy animals. Intestinal tissues were collected for histopathological changes. [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the disruption of the swine gut microbiota and histopathological changes caused by infection with enterotoxigenic E. coli. Fecal samples were collected from piglets suffering from diarrhea post-recovery and healthy animals. Intestinal tissues were collected for histopathological changes. The results revealed histopathological changes mainly in the ileum of the infected animals compared to those in the ileum of the control and recovered animals. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) revealed that the E. coli diarrheal group exhibited the highest bacterial richness. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) corroborated the presence of dysbiosis in the gut microbiota following E. coli-induced diarrhea. While the normal control and infected groups displayed slight clustering, the recovery group formed a distinct cluster with a distinct flora. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Fusobacteria were the dominant phyla in both the healthy and recovered piglets and in the diarrheal group. LEfSe and the associated LDA score analysis revealed that the recovered group exhibited dominance of the phyla Euryarchaeota and Bacteroidota, while groups N and I showed dominance of the phyla Firmicutes and Fusobacteriota, respectively. The LDA scores highlighted a significant expression of the Muribaculacea family in group R. The obtained findings will help in understanding the microbiome during swine colibacillosis, which will support control of the outbreaks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Veterinary Microbiology in China (2023, 2024))
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