Development of New Drugs to Treat Infectious Diseases

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 989

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
Interests: infectious diseases; drug development; mycobacteriology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious diseases constitute a serious global health concern. The increasing prevalence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, high mortality rates in hospital-acquired infections, and lack of adequate treatments for several “neglected tropical diseases”, particularly in developing countries, are points that deserve special attention from the international scientific community and the World Health Organization. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of advancing studies for developing novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for viral infections. In this context, it is essential to develop new effective and safe pharmacological therapies to treat infections caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. This Special Issue, entitled "Development of New Drugs to Treat Infectious Diseases", aims to present recent research on different aspects of the field, providing a broad scientific platform for scientists performing fundamental, applied and translational research related to the development of new drugs to treat infectious diseases. Some focal points include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Target-based drug discovery and development of novel antimicrobial agents.
  2. Host-directed strategies.
  3. Drug repurposing for infectious diseases.
  4. Natural products as sources of anti-infective compounds.
  5. Target characterization and validation.
  6. Preclinical efficacy studies.
  7. Toxicity investigations.
  8. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
  9. Computational approaches for anti-infective drug design.
  10. Combination therapy strategies. 

Reviews, original research, and communications will be welcome.

Dr. Valnês da Silva Rodrigues-Junior
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • antimicrobial agents
  • natural products
  • tropical diseases
  • therapeutic strategies
  • viral infections

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

29 pages, 6948 KiB  
Article
Host-Mediated Antimicrobial Effects and NLRP3 Inflammasome Modulation by Caulerpin and Its Derivatives in Macrophage Models of Mycobacterial Infections
by Maria Gabriella S. Sidrônio, Maria Eugênia G. Freitas, Daniel W. A. Magalhães, Deyse C. M. Carvalho, Vinícius A. B. Gonçalves, Ana Caroline M. de Queiroz Oliveira, Gisela C. Paulino, Gabriela C. Borges, Rafaelle L. Ribeiro, Natália Ferreira de Sousa, Marcus T. Scotti, Demétrius A. M. de Araújo, Francisco Jaime B. Mendonça-Junior, Kristerson R. de Luna Freire, Sandra Rodrigues-Mascarenhas, Bárbara Viviana de O. Santos and Valnês S. Rodrigues-Junior
Microorganisms 2025, 13(3), 561; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13030561 - 1 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Caulerpin, a bis-indole alkaloid isolated from Caulerpa racemosa, has several documented pharmacological activities, including antineoplastic and antiviral properties. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-tubercular potentials of caulerpin and its analogues in RAW 264.7 macrophages infected with Mycobacterium spp. Additionally, [...] Read more.
Caulerpin, a bis-indole alkaloid isolated from Caulerpa racemosa, has several documented pharmacological activities, including antineoplastic and antiviral properties. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-tubercular potentials of caulerpin and its analogues in RAW 264.7 macrophages infected with Mycobacterium spp. Additionally, we evaluated cytokine production and NLRP3 expression in this infection model. Toxicity tests were performed using Vero E6 and HepG2 cell lines and Artemia salina. Pre-incubation of RAW 264.7 cells with caulerpin and its analogues decreased internalized M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis H37Ra. Furthermore, treatment of M. smegmatis-infected macrophages with caulerpin and its analogues reduced bacterial loads. Caulerpin reduced the CFU count of internalized bacilli in the M. tuberculosis H37Ra infection model. In addition, caulerpin and its diethyl derivative were notably found to modulate IL-1β and TNF-α production in the M. smegmatis infection model after quantifying pro-inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3. Caulerpin and its derivates did not affect the viability of Vero E6 and HepG2 cell lines or nauplii survival in toxicity studies. These findings demonstrate that caulerpin and its analogues exhibit anti-inflammatory activity against Mycobacterium spp. infection in RAW 264.7 macrophages and show promising potential for further efficacy and safety evaluation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of New Drugs to Treat Infectious Diseases)
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