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Metabolites
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Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Liver Disease—Second Edition
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Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Liver Disease—Second Edition

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Lipid Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2026) | Viewed by 1274

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Mircea-Catalin Fortofoiu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Internal Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Filantropia Hospital of Craiova, 200143 Craiova, Romania
Interests: metabolic syndrome; non-alcoholic liver disease; insulin resistance; fatty liver disease; obesity; type 2 diabetes; liver cirrhosis; dyslipidemia; NAFLD treatment; risk factors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for researchers to present their latest findings and insights in the field of metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD). The focus of this Special Issue is on exploring the complex interplay between metabolic syndrome and NAFLD, shedding light on its underlying mechanisms, clinical implications, and potential therapeutic strategies. 

This Special Issue welcomes contributions that address various aspects of metabolic syndrome and NAFLD, including (but not limited to) pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnostic tools, treatment modalities, and preventive measures. Research articles, reviews, and original studies that elucidate the link between metabolic syndrome and NAFLD, as well as those focusing on novel approaches for managing these interconnected conditions, are encouraged. 

The purpose of this Special Issue is to foster a deeper understanding of the relationship between metabolic syndrome and NAFLD, considering the escalating global burden of both conditions. By gathering diverse perspectives and cutting-edge research findings, we aim to enhance our knowledge base and provide valuable insights for clinicians, researchers, and public health practitioners. Ultimately, we strive to facilitate the development of more effective strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of metabolic syndrome and NAFLD, addressing the unmet clinical needs in this field. 

Potential authors are invited to contribute original research articles, reviews, and commentaries that delve into the intricate links between metabolic syndrome and NAFLD, as well as those that propose innovative approaches for addressing these significant health challenges. We welcome submissions that offer new perspectives, present compelling data, and contribute to advancing the field's understanding of metabolic syndrome and NAFLD. Through this Special Issue, we aim to encourage dialog, share best practices, and pave the way for improved clinical outcomes in these interconnected domains.

Prof. Dr. Mircea-Catalin Fortofoiu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolic syndrome
  • non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
  • insulin resistance
  • obesity
  • type 2 diabetes
  • liver cirrhosis
  • dyslipidemia
  • NAFLD treatment
  • hepatic steatosis
  • cardiovascular risk

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 383 KB  
Article
hs-CRP as a Marker of Systemic Low-Grade Inflammation Is Not Associated with Steatotic Liver Disease in Adolescents: Insights from the EVA4YOU Study
by Johannes Nairz, Alex Messner, Sophia Zollner-Kiechl, Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer and Michael Knoflach
Metabolites 2026, 16(2), 108; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo16020108 - 3 Feb 2026
Abstract
Objectives: Systemic low-grade inflammation is associated with steatohepatitis in adults. We aim to explore if systemic low-grade inflammation, measured by plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), is also linked to steatotic liver disease in adolescents. Methods: In the cross-sectional Early Vascular Ageing [...] Read more.
Objectives: Systemic low-grade inflammation is associated with steatohepatitis in adults. We aim to explore if systemic low-grade inflammation, measured by plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), is also linked to steatotic liver disease in adolescents. Methods: In the cross-sectional Early Vascular Ageing in the YOUth study, systemic low-grade inflammation was measured by hs-CRP and liver fat content was quantified by the controlled attenuation parameters (CAP) derived from FibroScan® (Echosense, Paris, France) measurements in 14- to 19-year-old Austrian adolescents. Cardiovascular risk factors and anthropometric data were collected through face-to-face interviews, physical examinations, and comprehensive fasting blood analyses. Linear regression models were performed to analyze the association between hs-CRP and CAP values. Results: A total of 1300 adolescents (64.6% female) with a mean age of 17.2 ± 1.3 years were included in this analysis. hs-CRP was significantly associated with CAP values in the simple linear regression model (b = 1.35, p = 0.044) and after adjustment for sex and age (b = 1.84, p = 0.006), suggesting an increase in systemic low-grade inflammation with increasing liver fat content. However, further adjustment for major factors of the metabolic syndrome (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index z-score, systolic blood pressure z-score) led to a loss of significance of the mentioned association (b = −0.55, p = 0.419). Conclusions: Systemic low-grade inflammation measured by hs-CRP is linked to higher liver fat content in our adolescent cohort. However, this association is largely driven by components of the metabolic syndrome and the overall metabolic milieu, rather than reflecting liver-specific inflammation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Liver Disease—Second Edition)
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Review

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22 pages, 733 KB  
Review
Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Overview
by Dalia Dop, Vlad Pădureanu, Rodica Pădureanu, Carmen Elena Niculescu, Ștefan Adrian Niculescu and Iulia Rahela Marcu
Metabolites 2025, 15(12), 792; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15120792 - 12 Dec 2025
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Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common pediatric chronic liver disease worldwide, with an increasing prevalence, mainly due to the increase in childhood obesity and sedentary lifestyle. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is multifactorial, but the mechanisms by which the factors involved, [...] Read more.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common pediatric chronic liver disease worldwide, with an increasing prevalence, mainly due to the increase in childhood obesity and sedentary lifestyle. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is multifactorial, but the mechanisms by which the factors involved, namely the genetic, intrauterine and environmental factors responsible for its onset and progression to NASH, are not fully known. Children with NAFLD are usually asymptomatic or show nonspecific symptoms, and NAFLD is generally diagnosed incidentally by screening tests in overweight or obese children. NAFLD is associated with severe metabolic deficiencies that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, with the consequent need for liver transplantation. Current treatment of NAFLD in children consists of lifestyle changes to decrease caloric intake and increase physical activity, with no currently approved pharmacological medication for the pediatric population. Although pediatric studies that focus on alternative treatments targeting key pathogenic factors are promising, no pharmacological agent is currently approved for children, validated non-invasive fibrosis biomarkers remain limited, and long-term outcome data are scarce. Further validation through large prospective pediatric cohorts and phase III trials is urgently needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Liver Disease—Second Edition)
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