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Medicina
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Selected Orthopedic Oncology
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Recent Advances in Selected Orthopedic Oncology

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 April 2021) | Viewed by 20404

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Timothy Damron

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Upstate Medical University, Upstate Bone and Joint Center, 6620 Fly Road East Syracuse, NY 13057, USA
Interests: orthopedic oncology; musculoskeletal oncology; impending fracture; fracture prediction; biomechanics; finite element modeling; structural rigidity analysis; bone reconstruction; megaprosthesis; tumor endoprostheses; metastatic disease; pediatric sarcoma; sarcoma; bone sarcoma; osteosarcoma; chondrosarcoma; ewing sarcoma; bone fillers; synthetic bone graft; bone graft; bone defects; benign bone tumor
Dr. Thomas R. Bowen

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, 100 North Academy Avenue, Danville, PA 17821, USA
2. Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, 525 Pine St, Scranton, PA 18510, USA
Interests: Orthopedic infection; Sonication; Host classification; Fragility fracture; Hip fracture; Periprosthetic fracture; Joint arthroplasty outcome; Orthogenomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Orthopedic oncology diseases are among the rare orphan diseases.  They affect patients of all age groups and include common benign and less common malignant tumors and both primary and metastatic diseases.  There have been many advances in the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of these conditions that warrant dissemination. This Special Issue presents articles on benign bone tumors (enostoses, low grade cartilage tumors, giant cell tumors of bone, fibrous dysplasia, intraosseous hemangiomas, osteoid osteomas, chondroblastomas, aneurysmal bone cysts), bone sarcomas (osteosarcomas, chondrosarcomas), metastatic bone disease, soft-tissue sarcomas, and benign soft tissue tumors (Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumors).  Newer treatments will be discussed, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, embolization, percutaneous cementation, TNF-alpha inhibitors, CSF-1 receptor inhibitors, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), brachytherapy, intraoperative radiotherapy, 3-dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT), Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT), and immunotherapy. The multi-disciplinary nature of this Special Issue will be of interest to orthopedic oncologists, pediatric orthopedists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, musculoskeletal radiologists, interventional radiologists, and pathologists, reflecting the team approach needed for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.

Dr. Timothy Damron
Dr. Thomas R. Bowen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Orthopedic oncology
  • musculoskeletal oncology
  • orphan diseases
  • bone tumors
  • benign bone tumors
  • enostoses
  • bone islands
  • fibrous dysplasia
  • monostotic fibrous dysplasia
  • polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
  • McCune-Albright syndrome
  • intramuscular myxoma
  • giant cell tumors of bone
  • enchondromas
  • low-grade cartilage tumors
  • atypical enchondromas
  • chondrosarcomas
  • osteoid osteoma
  • osteoblastoma
  • chondroblastoma
  • aneurysmal bone cyst
  • intraosseous hemangioma
  • low-grade chondrosarcomas
  • high-grade chondrosarcomas
  • dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas
  • bone sarcomas
  • osteosarcoma
  • Ewing sarcoma
  • metastatic bone disease
  • CT attenuation
  • GNAS mutations
  • tenosynovial giant cell tumors
  • giant cell tumors of tendon sheath
  • pigmented villonodular synovitis
  • CSF-1 receptor inhibition
  • Turulio
  • TNF-alpha inhibitors
  • Denosumab
  • percutaneous cementation
  • curettage
  • undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma
  • radiofrequency ablation
  • microwave ablation
  • embolization
  • radiotherapy
  • IMRT
  • SBRT
  • 3D-CRT
  • brachytherapy

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Review

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11 pages, 313 KiB  
Review
A Pharmacological Analysis of the Activity and Failure of the Medical Treatment of High-Grade Osteosarcoma
by Alessandro Comandone, Antonella Boglione, Tiziana Comandone and Fausto Petrelli
Medicina 2021, 57(2), 141; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57020141 - 05 Feb 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1628
Abstract
Osteosarcomas (OSs) are a group of neoplasms originating from bone cells, usually presenting in three specific age groups: children, young adults, and the elderly. High-grade OS is an extremely malignant tumor mainly due to evolution into metastatic disease, usually in the lungs. Survival [...] Read more.
Osteosarcomas (OSs) are a group of neoplasms originating from bone cells, usually presenting in three specific age groups: children, young adults, and the elderly. High-grade OS is an extremely malignant tumor mainly due to evolution into metastatic disease, usually in the lungs. Survival of these patients has improved since the 1980s thanks to close cooperation between oncologists, oncological surgeons and orthopedic surgeons. Unfortunately, no progress has been made in the last 30 years and new, more effective drugs are needed. This article reviews the biological and pharmacological basis of the treatment of OS. Models of clinical pharmacology of the active drugs, toxic effects and reasons for primary and secondary resistance to old and new drugs are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Selected Orthopedic Oncology)

Other

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7 pages, 1497 KiB  
Case Report
Osteoid Osteoma Treatment with Microwave Ablation: A Report of Two Cases
by Babe Westlake, Jessica Mazzi and Nicholas Tedesco
Medicina 2021, 57(5), 470; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57050470 - 11 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2589
Abstract
Osteoid osteomas are one of the most common bone tumors. Although benign in nature, they can cause significant pain and distress to the afflicted patient. The main goal of treatment is to relieve pain. Historically, these tumors were treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [...] Read more.
Osteoid osteomas are one of the most common bone tumors. Although benign in nature, they can cause significant pain and distress to the afflicted patient. The main goal of treatment is to relieve pain. Historically, these tumors were treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or surgery. Percutaneous ablative techniques have since gained popularity because of their efficacy and low risk profiles. Radiofrequency ablation was the first of these technologies used in the treatment of these tumors. More recently, microwave ablation has gained popularity. However, the literature is sparse regarding the safety and efficacy of this treatment. Here, we discuss our experience with microwave ablation in the treatment of osteoid osteomas in two patients and review the current literature on this technique. Microwave ablation in the treatment of osteoid osteoma seems to be a safe and effective treatment for this tumor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Selected Orthopedic Oncology)
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7 pages, 1744 KiB  
Case Report
Elastofibroma Dorsi, a Rare Condition, with Challenging Diagnosis. Case Report and Literature Review
by Octavian Neagoe, Cosmin Ioan Faur, Mihaela Ionică, Flavia Baderca, Roxana Folescu, Daniela Gurgus, Carmen Lăcrămioara Zamfir, Andrei Motoc, Mirela Loredana Grigoraș and Octavian Mazilu
Medicina 2021, 57(4), 370; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040370 - 12 Apr 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5103
Abstract
Elastofibroma dorsi (ED) is known as a particular clinical and biological entity. We report a case of a bilateral elastofibroma dorsi (ED) in a 65-year-old female who presented to the Department of General and Oncologic Surgery of Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital Timisoara, Romania. [...] Read more.
Elastofibroma dorsi (ED) is known as a particular clinical and biological entity. We report a case of a bilateral elastofibroma dorsi (ED) in a 65-year-old female who presented to the Department of General and Oncologic Surgery of Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital Timisoara, Romania. The patient was symptomatic on the right side, presenting pain in the interscapulothoracic region associated with a variable tumoral mass, dependent on the position of the right arm. Imaging studies revealed a well-defined, bilateral tumoral mass with alternation of the muscular and fatty tissue. The initial diagnosis of lipoma was taken into consideration based on the CT scan and clinical findings. Surgical excision of the right subscapular tumor was performed without any postoperative complications. Microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, and orcein stained slides revealed the diagnosis of ED. Considering the high rate of reported postoperative complications and the asymptomatic presentation of the contralateral subscapular mass, the patient underwent clinical and imagistic monitoring for the contralateral tumor. Due to its rare nature, ED is a difficult preoperative diagnosis that can, however, be suggested by its specific location and may require an accurate histopathological examination for a final diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Selected Orthopedic Oncology)
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7 pages, 7504 KiB  
Case Report
Inflammatory Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma Mimicking Bacteremia in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report
by Kazuhiko Hashimoto, Shunji Nishimura, Tomohiko Ito, Naohiro Oka and Masao Akagi
Medicina 2021, 57(2), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57020175 - 18 Feb 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1961
Abstract
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is major type of soft tissue sarcomas. UPS presenting with inflammation is rare, and its pathophysiology remains unclear. Herein, we report a rare case of UPS with prolonged fever. A 91-year-old female complaining of high fever was referred to [...] Read more.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is major type of soft tissue sarcomas. UPS presenting with inflammation is rare, and its pathophysiology remains unclear. Herein, we report a rare case of UPS with prolonged fever. A 91-year-old female complaining of high fever was referred to our hospital because of a high C-reactive protein (CRP) level of 12.51 mg/dL. She had been experiencing intermittent fevers for approximately 10 years. The fever of unknown origin worsened with time and went into remission with repeated antimicrobial therapy. She also had a mass on her central lower back over the sacral region for 6 years, which showed a gradual increase in size. The blood tests showed that the leukocyte count and neutrophils were 6.51 × 103 /µL and 70.3%, respectively. She had a 10 × 10 cm mass on her buttock that showed 2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) accumulation on FDG-positron emission tomography-computed tomography examination (standardized uptake value-max value: 5.4). A blood culture examination was performed to rule out bacteremia, however, no bacteria were identified. We then performed a needle biopsy and confirmed the diagnosis of UPS; subsequently, the patient underwent a wide-margin resection. A few days after the surgery, her CRP, leukocyte, and neutrophil levels decreased to 0.305 mg/dL, 2.83 × 103/uL, and 50.1%, respectively. This case demonstrated that UPS with inflammation should be treated surgically as soon as possible after ruling out other sources of infection to achieve a favorable prognosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Selected Orthopedic Oncology)
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5 pages, 1906 KiB  
Case Report
Excision of Intramedullary Osteoid Osteomas in the Posterior Tibial Area via Medulloscopy: A Case Report
by Jong Hoon Park, Hae Woon Jung and Woo Young Jang
Medicina 2021, 57(2), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57020163 - 12 Feb 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3714
Abstract
Osteoid osteomas are benign bone-forming lesions that usually present in adolescence. In patients with severe pain and those not responding to medication, surgical treatment should be considered. Medulloscopy is a standard arthroscopic technique for visualizing the intramedullary canal of the tibia. Herein, we [...] Read more.
Osteoid osteomas are benign bone-forming lesions that usually present in adolescence. In patients with severe pain and those not responding to medication, surgical treatment should be considered. Medulloscopy is a standard arthroscopic technique for visualizing the intramedullary canal of the tibia. Herein, we report two patients with intramedullary osteoid osteomas in the posterior area of the tibia, which were successfully treated using medulloscopy. Hence, medulloscopy is an effective minimally invasive method in patients with intramedullary osteoid osteomas in the posterior tibial area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Selected Orthopedic Oncology)
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10 pages, 21059 KiB  
Case Report
Efficacy of Lesion Specific Portals in Endoscopic Treatment of Calcaneal Bone Cyst: A Case Report and Literature Review
by Young Yi, Jeong Seok Lee, Jahyung Kim, So Young Jin, Sung Hun Won, Jaeho Cho and Dong-Il Chun
Medicina 2021, 57(2), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57020111 - 26 Jan 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4499
Abstract
Background: Calcaneal bone cysts rarely occur and most of them are known to be benign. Among them, simple bone cysts (SBCs) third most commonly occur in the calcaneus and of the many surgical treatment options, endoscopic curettage is recently gaining popularity among surgeons [...] Read more.
Background: Calcaneal bone cysts rarely occur and most of them are known to be benign. Among them, simple bone cysts (SBCs) third most commonly occur in the calcaneus and of the many surgical treatment options, endoscopic curettage is recently gaining popularity among surgeons due to its advantages of minimal invasiveness and optimal visualization. As for portal placement for endoscopy, two lateral portals are considered a standard technique, but no rationale has been established for SBCs with abnormal geometry. This case report suggests an SBC with secondary aneurysmal change located outside the Ward’s triangle, as well as an appropriate endoscopic approach. Case Presentation: An 18-year-old male high school student presented with a main complaint of pain at the hind foot level for the past one year, without significant improvement from conservative treatment. An endoscopic curettage through the lesion specific two posterior portals and bone graft using allogeneic cancellous bone were performed. SBC with a secondary aneurysmal bone cyst was diagnosed on pathology. At a one-year follow-up, the patient was painless and had returned to his regular activities. Physical and radiographic examinations revealed that the lesion was completely healed without any evidence of recurrence. Conclusion: For calcaneal bone cysts located at the posterior aspect of the calcaneus, eccentrically medial and abnormally long anterior-posteriorly, we suggest an endoscopic procedure using lesion specific portals such as two posterior portals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Selected Orthopedic Oncology)
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