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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Microalgal Bioactive Molecules and Their Implication in Health and Disease
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Microalgal Bioactive Molecules and Their Implication in Health and Disease

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 11153

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Virginie Mimouni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BiOSSE), Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, IUT de Laval, 52 rue des docteurs Calmette et Guérin, BP2045, CEDEX 09, 53020 Laval, France
Interests: microalgae; lipid metabolism; nutrition; omega-3 fatty acids; carotenoids; metabolic syndrome; obesity; inflammatory biomarkers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microalgae are an extremely diverse group of organisms. Despite their high biodiversity, microalgae are poorly explored, and only a few species are currently cultivated on an industrial scale. However, microalgae contain a wide variety of bioactive molecules, including lipids, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, pigments, or polysaccharides, which have various health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-obesity effects. Bioactive compounds from microalgae offer innovative potentials in many growing markets, including cosmetics, nutraceuticals, food industry, biomedical sectors, as well as green chemistry. In fine, the health market is not well developed, although the beneficial effects of microalgae can be implemented in various medical fields. Two approaches can be followed by (i) considering the marine organism as a “cell factory” (proteins, vaccines, etc.) or (ii) extracting bioactive compounds (lipids, pigments, secondary metabolites, etc.) from the microalgal biomass with highly diversified targets, such as cancers, obesity, tissue repair, and neurodegenerative and infectious diseases.

Thus, the objective of this Special Issue entitled “Microalgal Bioactive Molecules and Their Implication in Health and Disease” is to bring together the current knowledge on the different bioactive compounds in microalgae, including cyanobacteria, and to shed light on their impact on human health and diseases, especially on obesity and cancers.

Dr. Virginie Mimouni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microalgae
  • cyanobacteriae
  • lipids
  • pigments
  • polysaccharides
  • metabolic syndrome
  • obesity
  • cancers

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 744 KiB  
Article
Antioxidant Efficacy of a Spirulina Liquid Extract on Oxidative Stress Status and Metabolic Disturbances in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome
by N’Deye Lallah Nina Koite, N’gouro Issa Sanogo, Olivier Lépine, Jean-Marie Bard and Khadija Ouguerram
Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(7), 441; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20070441 - 1 Jul 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4909
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation is associated with the development of some pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases. Reduction in oxidative stress by antioxidants, such as Arthrospira (formely Spirulina), helps improving this redox imbalance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the [...] Read more.
Lipid peroxidation is associated with the development of some pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases. Reduction in oxidative stress by antioxidants, such as Arthrospira (formely Spirulina), helps improving this redox imbalance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the Arthrospira liquid extract “Spirulysat®” on oxidative markers—in particular, oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/total LDL cholesterol—and isoprostanes and to investigate its impact on lipid and glucose metabolism in the metabolic syndrome subject. A controlled, randomised, double-blind design was conducted in 40 subjects aged 18 to 65 years with metabolic syndrome after a daily intake of Spirulysat® or placebo for twelve weeks. Blood and urinary samples were collected at three visits (V1, V2, V3) in the two groups for parameters determination. Although the Spirulysat® group showed a decrease at all visits of the oxLDL/total cholesterol ratio, there was no significant difference compared to the placebo (p = 0.36). The urinary isoprostanes concentration in the Spirulysat® group was reduced (p = 0.014) at V3. Plasma triglycerides decreased at V3 (p = 0.003) and HDL-cholesterol increased (p = 0.031) at all visits with Spirulysat®. In conclusion, Spirulysat® did not change the oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/LDL ratio but decreased the urinary isoprostanes, plasma triglycerides and increased HDL cholesterol, suggesting a beneficial effect on metabolic syndrome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microalgal Bioactive Molecules and Their Implication in Health and Disease)
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Review

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24 pages, 2171 KiB  
Review
Phytoplankton Toxins and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications: A Journey toward the Quest for Potent Pharmaceuticals
by Biswajita Pradhan and Jang-Seu Ki
Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(4), 271; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20040271 - 18 Apr 2022
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 5633
Abstract
Phytoplankton are prominent organisms that contain numerous bioactive substances and secondary metabolites, including toxins, which can be valuable to pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and biotechnological industries. Studies on toxins produced by phytoplankton such as cyanobacteria, diatoms, and dinoflagellates have become more prevalent in recent years [...] Read more.
Phytoplankton are prominent organisms that contain numerous bioactive substances and secondary metabolites, including toxins, which can be valuable to pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and biotechnological industries. Studies on toxins produced by phytoplankton such as cyanobacteria, diatoms, and dinoflagellates have become more prevalent in recent years and have sparked much interest in this field of research. Because of their richness and complexity, they have great potential as medicinal remedies and biological exploratory probes. Unfortunately, such toxins are still at the preclinical and clinical stages of development. Phytoplankton toxins are harmful to other organisms and are hazardous to animals and human health. However, they may be effective as therapeutic pharmacological agents for numerous disorders, including dyslipidemia, obesity, cancer, diabetes, and hypertension. In this review, we have focused on the properties of different toxins produced by phytoplankton, as well as their beneficial effects and potential biomedical applications. The anticancer properties exhibited by phytoplankton toxins are mainly attributed to their apoptotic effects. As a result, phytoplankton toxins are a promising strategy for avoiding postponement or cancer treatment. Moreover, they also displayed promising applications in other ailments and diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, AIDS, fungal, bacterial, schizophrenia, inflammation, allergy, osteoporosis, asthma, and pain. Preclinical and clinical applications of phytoplankton toxins, as well as future directions of their enhanced nano-formulations for improved clinical efficacy, have also been reviewed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microalgal Bioactive Molecules and Their Implication in Health and Disease)
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