Fundamentals and Applications of Triboelectrification

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2026 | Viewed by 1668

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Interests: triboelectric energy harvesting; modeling and optimization of tribo-systems; marine self-powered in situ detection technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Interests: offshore renewable energy; hydrodynamics; computational fluid dynamics; mooring analysis; offshore platform
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Triboelectrification refers to the charge transfer between materials during contact or relative motion, and has long been recognized as a fundamental interfacial phenomenon. However, with the emergence of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), significant progress has been made in both the scientific understanding and technological application of this phenomenon. These devices convert mechanical energy generated from contact, friction, or interfacial motion—such as vibrations, rotation, human activity, or environmental forces—into electricity through the coupling of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction.

The scientific significance of this field extends beyond energy harvesting. It introduces the concept of "motion-induced displacement current," expands classical electrodynamics, and deepens our understanding of contact electrification and mechano-electrical energy conversion at the micro- and nanoscales. Furthermore, TENGs provide a versatile platform for investigating interfacial charge transfer, frictional phenomena, and the coupling between mechanical deformation and electronic processes, thereby fostering emerging research directions such as tribotronics and contact-electro-catalysis.

Since triboelectric phenomena originate at contacting surfaces, tribological properties—including surface chemistry, roughness, running-in behavior, wear, and lubrication—exert a decisive influence on the performance, stability, and longevity of TENGs. Conversely, TENG technology offers innovative sensing capabilities and self-powered solutions for monitoring tribological systems, establishing a unique feedback loop between tribology and energy harvesting research.

This Special Issue aims to consolidate the latest advances in triboelectrification and TENGs, covering fundamental mechanisms, material design, device engineering, and diverse applications. By uniting perspectives from the fields of materials science, tribology, electronics, and energy research, this Issue presents a comprehensive overview of current developments in this rapidly evolving field and identifies key directions for future research.

Dr. Bo Zhao
Dr. Yong Ma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • triboelectrification
  • contact-electrification
  • charge transfer
  • triboelectric nanogenerators
  • tribotronics
  • energy harvesting

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

48 pages, 10325 KB  
Review
Toward Reliable Triboelectric Nanogenerators: Roles of Lubricants
by P. R. Deshmukh and Dae-Hyun Cho
Lubricants 2026, 14(2), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14020081 - 10 Feb 2026
Viewed by 1211
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are a newly adopted technology designed to harvest freely available mechanical energy from the environment and convert it into electricity that can help to meet future demands for clean and sustainable energy. TENGs represent a promising next-generation renewable energy technology, [...] Read more.
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are a newly adopted technology designed to harvest freely available mechanical energy from the environment and convert it into electricity that can help to meet future demands for clean and sustainable energy. TENGs represent a promising next-generation renewable energy technology, an alternative to traditional non-renewable fossil fuel sources, with a wide range of applications, including smart sensors, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT), and portable electronics. Through contact/triboelectrification and electrostatic induction, TENGs convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Broadly, TENGs are classified into contact–separation mode and sliding mode. In contact–separation mode, the electric output is achieved through the contact and separation of triboelectric layers, while in the sliding mode, it is generated by the sliding of one triboelectric layer over another. Sliding-mode TENGs have demonstrated better electrical output compared to the contact–separation mode; however, they suffer low durability and cannot operate for long periods due to severe wear. In addition, their electrical output performance is reduced owing to air breakdown. Lubricants have demonstrated their potential in TENGs by overcoming these limitations and improving both tribological and triboelectric performance. This review provides a discussion on the fundamental modes of TENGs, followed by a comprehensive summary of the tribological and triboelectrical performance of existing TENGs under liquid lubrication, along with a comparison of their performance under dry conditions. The effects of load, frequency, mass fraction, and volume of the liquid lubricant on both tribology and electrical output are examined. Durability is identified as a key factor for the long-term practical application of TENGs; hence, this paper also focuses on it. Furthermore, strategies for improving TENG performance and the working mechanisms under liquid lubrication are discussed. Finally, the paper summarizes demonstrations of TENG applications based on various TENG designs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fundamentals and Applications of Triboelectrification)
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