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Pediatric Fungal Infections
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Pediatric Fungal Infections

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Pathogenesis and Disease Control".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 5946

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Elias Iosifidis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
3rd Department of Pediatrics, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: pediatric infectious diseases; epidemiology; healthcare-associated infections
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Kourti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
3rd Department of Pediatrics, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: childhood cancer; survivorship; late effects; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; rare tumors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is a wide range of pediatric populations at risk for fungal infections. This spectrum comprises children with primary or secondary immunodeficiency, children receiving either immunomodulating therapy or chemotherapy for a malignancy or neonates and pediatric patients hospitalized in intensive care units. It is challenging to estimate the epidemiology of fungal infections in pediatric populations. Early recognition and prompt diagnosis are of paramount importance to their treatment and control. Their symptoms are more indolent than those of invasive bacterial or viral infections and are often attributed to co-morbidities. The approach to diagnosis is multifaceted, relying on histopathology, and includes the use of blood cultures, diagnostic imaging and serum biomarkers. Treatment is multimodal and involves antifungal drugs, immune dysfunction correction and surgical resection when feasible. Early and adequate therapy is essential to a successful outcome.

The present Special Issue focuses on fungal infections in immunocompromised and pediatric patients. We are inviting you to contribute original research or high-quality review articles covering the abovementioned topics.

Dr. Elias Iosifidis
Dr. Maria Kourti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 495 KiB  
Article
Central Nervous System Fungal Diseases in Children with Malignancies: A 16-Year Study from the Infection Working Group of the Hellenic Society of Pediatric Hematology Oncology
by Loizos Petrikkos, Maria Kourti, Kondylia Antoniadi, Tatiana-Sultana Tziola, Angeliki-Eleni Sfetsiori, Vasiliki Antari, Sofia Savoukidou, Georgia Avgerinou, Maria Filippidou, Eugenia Papakonstantinou, Sophia Polychronopoulou, Emmanuel Hatzipantelis, Dimitrios Doganis, Antonios Kattamis, Vassilios Papadakis, Emmanuel Roilides and Athanasios Tragiannidis
J. Fungi 2024, 10(9), 654; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10090654 - 14 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1538
Abstract
We analyzed data on pediatric invasive fungal diseases of the central nervous system (CNS-IFDs) reported by five of a total of eight Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Departments in Greece for 16 years (2007–2022). A total of twelve patients (11 boys, median age: 9.5 years, range: [...] Read more.
We analyzed data on pediatric invasive fungal diseases of the central nervous system (CNS-IFDs) reported by five of a total of eight Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Departments in Greece for 16 years (2007–2022). A total of twelve patients (11 boys, median age: 9.5 years, range: 2–16) were reported suffering from CNS-IFDs. The underlying malignancy was acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 9/12 and acute myeloid leukemia, Ewing sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma in one each. Eleven patients presented with CNS-related symptoms (i.e., seizures, headache, cerebral palsy, ataxia, hallucination, seizures, blurred vision, amaurosis). All patients had pathological MRI findings. Multifocal fungal disease was observed in 6/12 patients. Nine proven and three probable CNS-IFD cases were diagnosed. Causative pathogens in proven cases were Aspergillus spp. and Candida albicans (n = 2 each), Mucor spp., Rhizopus arrhizus, Absidia spp., Fusarium oxysporum and Cryptococcus neoformans (n = 1 each). Causative pathogens in probable cases were Aspergillus spp. (n = 2) and Candida spp. (n = 1). All patients received appropriate antifungal therapy (median duration: 69.5 days, range 19–364). Two patients underwent additional surgical treatment. Six patients were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit due to complications. Three patients (25%) died, two due to IFD and one due to an underlying disease. Early recognition and prompt intervention of CNS-IFDs may rescue the patients and improve overall survival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Fungal Infections)
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Review

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10 pages, 831 KiB  
Review
Mold-Active Antifungal Prophylaxis in Pediatric Patients with Cancer or Undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
by Thomas Lehrnbecher, Konrad Bochennek and Andreas H. Groll
J. Fungi 2023, 9(3), 387; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9030387 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3761
Abstract
Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs), in particular invasive mold infections, still pose considerable problems in the care of children and adolescents treated for cancer or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation. As these infections are difficult to diagnose, and the outcomes for IFDs are still unsatisfactory, [...] Read more.
Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs), in particular invasive mold infections, still pose considerable problems in the care of children and adolescents treated for cancer or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation. As these infections are difficult to diagnose, and the outcomes for IFDs are still unsatisfactory, antifungal prophylaxis has become an important strategy in the clinical setting. Antifungal prophylaxis is indicated in patients at high risk for IFD, which is commonly defined as a natural incidence of at least 10%. As there is a growing interest in pediatric-specific clinical trials and pediatric-specific guidelines, this review focuses on the available data of mold-active antifungal prophylaxis in children and adolescents. The data demonstrate that a major effort is needed to characterize the pediatric patient population in which the net effect of prophylactic antifungals will be beneficial as well as to find the optimal prophylactic antifungal compound and dosage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Fungal Infections)
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