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Advancements in Marine Renewable Energy and Renewable Powered Marine Vehicles

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A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2022) | Viewed by 17298

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Weichao Shi

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Guest Editor

Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK
Interests: marine renewable energy; renewable powered marine vehicles; marine propulsion

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine renewable energy devices and systems are quickly developing. With the aim of achieving net zero, marine renewables are contributing not only to the macro-scale energy systems and networks, but also to micro-scale applications, such as ships and underwater vehicles. This Special Issue, “Advancements in Marine Renewable Energy and Renewable Powered Marine Vehicles”, targets the recent developments in this field, to disseminate the technology advancement and to widen the impact of the marine renewable energy industry.

The Special Issue will welcome submissions of both review papers and research papers. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

Marine renewable energy devices
Ocean energy storage, distribution, and consumption
Renewable energy powered marine vehicles
Wind, wave, tidal and thermal ocean energy
Self-sustained ships and marine vehicles
Wind assisted ship
Wave glider, thermal glider
Experimental and computational fluid dynamics
Alternative fuel, offshore green hydrogen
Energy efficiency and management for ship

Dr. Weichao Shi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Marine renewable energy device
Renewable energy powered marine vehicles
Wind, wave, tidal and thermal ocean energy
Wind assisted ship
Wave glider
Underwater glider
Underwater thermal glider
Experimental and computational fluid dynamics
Alternative fuel, offshore green hydrogen
Energy management and distribution

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3602 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Low Cost Oscillating Membrane for Underwater Applications at Low Reynolds Numbers

by Abel Arredondo-Galeana, Aristides Kiprakis and Ignazio Maria Viola

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(1), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10010077 - 7 Jan 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1938

Abstract

Active surface morphing is a nonintrusive flow control technique that can delay separation in laminar and turbulent boundary layers. Most of the experimental studies of such control strategy have been carried out in wind tunnels at low Reynolds numbers with costly actuators. In contrast, the implementation of such a control strategy at low cost for an underwater environment remains vastly unexplored. This paper explores active surface morphing at low cost and at low Reynolds for underwater applications. We do this with a 3D printed foil submerged in a water tunnel. The suction surface of the foil is covered with a magnetoelastic membrane. The membrane is actuated via two electromagnets that are positioned inside of the foil. Three actuation frequencies (slow, intermediate, fast) are tested and the deformation of the membrane is measured with an optosensor. We show that lift increases by 1%, whilst drag decreases by 6% at a Strouhal number of 0.3, i.e., at the fast actuation case. We demonstrate that surface actuation is applicable to the marine environment through an off the shelf approach, and that this method is more economical than existing active surface morphing technologies. Since the actuation mechanism is not energy intensive, it is envisioned that it could be applied to marine energy devices, boat appendages, and autonomous underwater vehicles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Marine Renewable Energy and Renewable Powered Marine Vehicles)

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14 pages, 5375 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Underwater Visual Navigation Method Based on Multiple ArUco Markers

by Zhizun Xu, Maryam Haroutunian, Alan J. Murphy, Jeff Neasham and Rose Norman

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(12), 1432; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121432 - 15 Dec 2021

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3626

Abstract

Underwater navigation presents crucial issues because of the rapid attenuation of electronic magnetic waves. The conventional underwater navigation methods are achieved by acoustic equipment, such as the ultra-short-baseline localisation systems and Doppler velocity logs, etc. However, they suffer from low fresh rate, low bandwidth, environmental disturbance and high cost. In the paper, a novel underwater visual navigation is investigated based on the multiple ArUco markers. Unlike other underwater navigation approaches based on the artificial markers, the noise model of the pose estimation of a single marker and an optimal algorithm of the multiple markers are developed to increase the precision of the method. The experimental tests are conducted in the towing tank. The results show that the proposed method is able to localise the underwater vehicle accurately. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Marine Renewable Energy and Renewable Powered Marine Vehicles)

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19 pages, 2945 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Energy Consumption Modeling for Underwater Gliders Considering Ocean Currents and Seawater Density Variation

by Yang Song, Huangjie Ye, Yanhui Wang, Wendong Niu, Xu Wan and Wei Ma

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(11), 1164; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111164 - 22 Oct 2021

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1926

Abstract

Energy management is a critical and challenging factor required for efficient and safe operation of underwater gliders (UGs), and the energy consumption model (ECM) is indispensable. In this paper, a more complete ECM of UGs is established, which considers ocean currents, seawater density variation, deformation of the pressure hull, and asymmetry of gliding motion during descending and ascending. Sea trial data are used to make a comparison between ECMs with and without the consideration of ocean currents, and the results prove that the ECM that considers the currents has a significantly higher accuracy. Then, the relationship between energy consumption and multiple parameters, including gliding velocity relative to the current, absolute gliding angle, and diving depth, is revealed. Finally, a simple example is considered to illustrate the effects of the depth-averaged current on the energy consumption. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Marine Renewable Energy and Renewable Powered Marine Vehicles)

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Review

Jump to: Research

33 pages, 5226 KiB

Open AccessReview

Study on Applicability of Energy-Saving Devices to Hydrogen Fuel Cell-Powered Ships

by Callum Stark, Yunxin Xu, Ming Zhang, Zhiming Yuan, Longbin Tao and Weichao Shi

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(3), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030388 - 8 Mar 2022

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 8641

Abstract

The decarbonisation of waterborne transport is arguably the biggest challenge faced by the maritime industry presently. By 2050, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the shipping industry by 50% compared to 2008, with a vision to phase out fossil fuels by the end of the century as a matter of urgency. To meet such targets, action must be taken immediately to address the barriers to adopt the various clean shipping options currently at different technological maturity levels. Green hydrogen as an alternative fuel presents an attractive solution to meet future targets from international bodies and is seen as a viable contributor within a future clean shipping vision. The cost of hydrogen fuel—in the short-term at least—is higher compared to conventional fuel; therefore, energy-saving devices (ESDs) for ships are more important than ever, as implementation of rules and regulations restrict the use of fossil fuels while promoting zero-emission technology. However, existing and emerging ESDs in standalone/combination for traditional fossil fuel driven vessels have not been researched to assess their compatibility for hydrogen-powered ships, which present new challenges and considerations within their design and operation. Therefore, this review aims to bridge that gap by firstly identifying the new challenges that a hydrogen-powered propulsion system brings forth and then reviewing the quantitative energy saving capability and qualitive additional benefits of individual existing and emerging ESDs in standalone and combination, with recommendations for the most applicable ESD combinations with hydrogen-powered waterborne transport presented to maximise energy saving and minimise the negative impact on the propulsion system components. In summary, the most compatible combination ESDs for hydrogen will depend largely on factors such as vessel types, routes, propulsion, operation, etc. However, the mitigation of load fluctuations commonly encountered during a vessels operation was viewed to be a primary area of interest as it can have a negative impact on hydrogen propulsion system components such as the fuel cell; therefore, the ESD combination that can maximise energy savings as well as minimise the fluctuating loads experienced would be viewed as the most compatible with hydrogen-powered waterborne transport. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Marine Renewable Energy and Renewable Powered Marine Vehicles)

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