Advancements in Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983). This special issue belongs to the section "Bone Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 2052

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
2. Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
Interests: biomedical materials; tissue engineering; bone scaffolds; preclinical research; regenerative medicine

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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
Interests: bone; collagen-mineral composites; nanomechanics; ultrastructure; fracture mechanics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bone defect repair remains a significant clinical challenge. While current treatments such as autografts and allografts are commonly employed, they are associated with limitations, including donor site morbidity, limited availability, and risk of immune response or disease transmission. To address these concerns, synthetic biomaterial-based bone grafts and tissue-engineered scaffolds have emerged as promising alternatives. These bone scaffolds provide a structural framework that supports cellular attachment, proliferation, and the formation of new tissue, aiming to replicate the complex architecture and osteogenic functionality of native bone.

Despite remarkable progress in this field, developing scaffolds that meet the required mechanical strength, bioactivity, biodegradability, and interconnected porosity remains challenging. As research evolves, new materials and fabrication techniques, including 3D printing, biofabrication, and surface modification, are being explored to improve scaffold performance and clinical outcomes.

This Special Issue on "Advancements in Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering" focuses on recent breakthroughs at the intersection of biomaterials science, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. We aim to highlight innovative materials and strategies that enhance bone regeneration and better mimic the native bone microenvironment.

We invite original research articles and comprehensive reviews addressing, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • Novel biomaterials for bone scaffold development;
  • Bone–scaffold cellular interactions and osteogenesis;
  • 3D printing and bioprinting technologies for scaffold fabrication;
  • Preclinical studies and translational research in bone tissue engineering;
  • Surface modification and functionalization of scaffolds;
  • Controlled release systems for growth factors and bioactives;
  • Mechanical behaviour and degradation kinetics of scaffolds.

We look forward to your valuable contributions that will help drive forward the next generation of bone tissue engineering solutions.

Dr. MohammadAli Sahebalzamani
Prof. Dr. Xiaodu Wang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • bone tissue engineering
  • bone scaffolds
  • biomaterials
  • 3D printing
  • osteoconductive scaffolds
  • biodegradable polymers
  • mesenchymal stem cells
  • bioactive coating
  • bone regeneration
  • translational research

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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13 pages, 4612 KB  
Article
Plasma-Coated Collagen Membranes Gain Barrier Function Through Heat Treatment
by Karol Ali Apaza Alccayhuaman, Patrick Heimel, Stefan Lettner, Richard J. Miron, Carina Kampleitner, Layla Panahipour, Ulrike Kuchler and Reinhard Gruber
J. Funct. Biomater. 2026, 17(2), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb17020095 - 14 Feb 2026
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Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) relies on barrier membrane integrity to prevent soft-tissue ingrowth. Although collagen membranes are widely used, their limited longevity can compromise space maintenance, underscoring the need for strategies that enhance membrane stability without impairing the regenerative potential. We hypothesized that [...] Read more.
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) relies on barrier membrane integrity to prevent soft-tissue ingrowth. Although collagen membranes are widely used, their limited longevity can compromise space maintenance, underscoring the need for strategies that enhance membrane stability without impairing the regenerative potential. We hypothesized that thermal denaturation of platelet-poor plasma (PPP), combined with heat-induced modifications of collagen fibrils, could generate a volume-stable, plasma-rich composite that preserves membrane structure and restricts cellular penetration. To test this proof-of-principle concept, collagen membranes were soaked in PPP and either kept at room temperature or subjected to thermal treatment (75 °C/10 min) prior to implantation in rat calvarial defects. Bone regeneration and membrane behavior were evaluated after three weeks using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histology. Micro-CT suggested only minor numerical differences in mineralized tissue between groups; however, these data should not be overinterpreted because micro-CT cannot differentiate mineralization formed within the collagen membrane from mineralization adjacent to it. Consistent with this limitation, histology demonstrated that mineral deposition and early bone formation extended into the structure of room-temperature PPP membranes, whereas mineralized tissue in the thermally treated group was predominantly located outside the membrane, indicating reduced osteoconductive integration within the membrane. Together, these findings support that thermal denaturation of PPP shifts early composite membrane behavior toward barrier-dominant characteristics at the expense of intramembranous mineralization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering)
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21 pages, 1926 KB  
Systematic Review
Control Group Selection in Preclinical Rat Bone Defect Models: A Systematic Review
by Lotta Reimann, Emma Marchionatti, Adrian Steiner, Stephan Zeiter and Caroline Constant
J. Funct. Biomater. 2026, 17(2), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb17020066 - 28 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Large bone defects and loss present major orthopedic challenges. In preclinical research, femoral bone defects in rats are commonly used as in vivo models to evaluate new osteoregenerative biomaterials. These test items are typically compared to negative and positive controls. This review aims [...] Read more.
Large bone defects and loss present major orthopedic challenges. In preclinical research, femoral bone defects in rats are commonly used as in vivo models to evaluate new osteoregenerative biomaterials. These test items are typically compared to negative and positive controls. This review aims to summarize the different control groups used to evaluate new osteoregenerative test items in preclinical rat femoral defect models and to identify potential pitfalls related to these controls, ultimately to enhance the future translational success. The protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO, and no specific funding was received for this work. The systematic search comprised publications between January 2001 and January 2023. 436 studies were included for analysis. The choice of control groups was inconsistent across studies. A negative (e.g., empty defects or inert carriers) and positive (e.g., bone grafts or commercially available bone substitutes) control group was included in 56% (n = 245/436) and 34% (n = 149/436) of the included studies, respectively. Notably, 25% (n = 109/436) of the studies did not include any control group. Bone grafts were used as positive controls in 50% of the studies that included positive controls (n = 74/149), mainly of allogeneic origin (45%, n = 33/74). The control groups used to evaluate the test item impacted the healing comparison, with 81% of studies showing better healing of their test items compared to negative control (n = 198/245) versus 54% compared to positive control (n = 80/149). A qualitative risk-of-bias and reporting assessment was performed using an integrated ARRIVE–SYRCLE framework. Most studies demonstrated moderate concern in several domains, with frequent absence of randomization (67%, high concern) and blinding (84%, high concern), incomplete reporting of inclusion/exclusion criteria (74%, moderate concern), and variable clarity regarding animal characteristics and statistical methodology. The variability in the choice of control groups appears to influence study outcomes. Inadequate control group selection can lead to misleading conclusions regarding the efficacy of new biomaterials. Therefore, standardizing control group selection is crucial to enhance the reliability and comparability of preclinical research findings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering)
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