Organometallic Complexes for Small Molecule Activation

A special issue of Inorganics (ISSN 2304-6740). This special issue belongs to the section "Organometallic Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 2183

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece
Interests: organometallic chemistry; inorganic synthesis; low valent complexes; small molecule activation; homogenous catalysis; NMR spectroscopy; X-ray crystallography; bismuth; organoactinide and organolanthanide chemistry; proton-coupled electron transfer; electrochemistry

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Guest Editor
School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Interests: organometallic chemistry; coordination chemistry; small molecule activation; low-valent complexes; homogeneous catalysis; electrochemistry; surface organometallic chemistry; redox-active ligands; bio-inspired complexes and polymerization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The activation of small molecules continues to be intensely investigated as it offers insights into the fundamental steps of important catalytic transformations. Equally it also provides opportunities to uncover new modes of chemical reactivity and thus augment the available synthetic and catalytic toolkit. Historically, organometallic complexes of the transition metals have been at the forefront of such developments, and continue to play an important role in expanding the chemical space due to their ability to promote the activation of important small molecules in a plethora of ways. These range from established modes of activation to more niche pathways involving non-spectator ligands or modes reminiscent of biological processes such as proton-coupled electron transfer. More recently, organometallic complexes of the f-block metals (lanthanides and actinides) have demonstrated a rich and diverse reactivity towards small molecules, ushering in a renaissance at the bottom of the periodic table. At the same time, s- and p- block main group compounds supported by ligands usually associated with ‘classic’ organometallic complexes have offered some exciting examples in the field of small molecule activation, previously thought to be only the prerogative of transition metals. Moreover, the introduction of electrochemical methods has opened new possibilities in the field allowing the controlled (re)cycling and generation of reactive intermediates or active catalytic species, thus allowing, for instance, the upscaling of environmentally relevant small molecules to value-added chemicals.

In this Special Issue dedicated to the activation of small molecules by organometallic complexes, we would like to invite contributions covering some of the recent advances in all these aspects in the form of both original research papers and critical reviews.

Dr. Nikolaos Tsoureas
Dr. Alexander (Sandy) Kilpatrick
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • small molecule activation
  • organometallic complexes
  • low valent
  • main group

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

31 pages, 29871 KiB  
Article
URVA and Local Mode Analysis of an Iridium Pincer Complex Efficiently Catalyzing the Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide
by Marek Freindorf and Elfi Kraka
Inorganics 2022, 10(12), 234; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10120234 - 01 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1336
Abstract
The catalytic effects of iridium pincer complexes for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide were investigated with the Unified Reaction Valley Approach (URVA), exploring the reaction mechanism along the reaction path traced out by the reacting species on the potential energy surface. Further details [...] Read more.
The catalytic effects of iridium pincer complexes for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide were investigated with the Unified Reaction Valley Approach (URVA), exploring the reaction mechanism along the reaction path traced out by the reacting species on the potential energy surface. Further details were obtained with the Local Mode Analysis performed at all stationary points, complemented by the Natural Bond Orbital and Bader’s Quantum Atoms in Molecules analyses. Each of the five reaction paths forming the catalytic cycle were calculated at the DFT level complemented with DLPNO-CCSD(T) single point calculations at the stationary points. For comparison, the non-catalytic reaction was also investigated. URVA curvature profiles identified all important chemical events taking place in the non-catalyzed reaction and in the five reactions forming the catalytic cycle, and their contribution to the activation energy was disclosed. The non-catalytic reaction has a large unfavorable activation energy of 76.3 kcal/mol, predominately caused by HH bond cleave in the H2 reactant. As shown by our study, the main function of the iridium pincer catalyst is to split up the one–step non-catalytic reaction into an energy efficient multistep cycle, where HH bond cleavage is replaced by the cleavage of a weaker IrH bond with a small contribution to the activation energy. The dissociation of the final product from the catalyst requires the cleavage of an IrO bond, which is also weak, and contributes only to a minor extent to the activation energy. This, in summary, leads to the substantial lowering of the overall activation barrier by about 50 kcal/mol for the catalyzed reaction. We hope that this study inspires the community to add URVA to their repertoire for the investigation of catalysis reactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organometallic Complexes for Small Molecule Activation)
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