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Gene Regulation and Genome Editing: New Insight in Plant Growth, Development, and Adaptation

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2024 | Viewed by 2851

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Haihong Shang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Interests: plant breeding; plant gene; cotton

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The project intends to compile original research and review articles on recent developments in plant gene research, including gene editing technologies, gene expression regulation, genomics research, and studies on gene evolution. The following are just a few examples of subtopics:

  1. With the aid of cutting-edge gene editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9, scientists may accurately edit plant genes to modify their properties.
  2. The new technique can aid in a better understanding of how plant genes express themselves.
  3. New genes and regulatory elements can be discovered by studying the plant genome sequence, according to studies.
  4. The development of plant genes to comprehend how plants adapt to various habitats and situations.
  5. To uncover further information and combine the data on plant expression and genomes with bioinformatics technology.

Dr. Yanpeng Zhao is the Guest Editor Assistant, who will help manage the special issue.

Prof. Dr. Haihong Shang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant genes CRISPR/Cas9 editing technology
  • gene expression regulation
  • evolution of plant genes
  • gene function research
  • gene regulation mechanisms
  • machine learning genome data analysis and identification

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4542 KiB  
Article
ZmARF16 Regulates ZCN12 to Promote the Accumulation of Florigen and Accelerate Flowering
by Zhenzhong Jiang, Yang Zhao, Bai Gao, Xiaotong Wei, Peng Jiao, Honglin Zhang, Siyan Liu, Shuyan Guan and Yiyong Ma
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9607; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179607 - 5 Sep 2024
Viewed by 388
Abstract
Auxin response factors(ARFs) are a class of transcription factors that regulate the expression of auxin response genes and play a crucial role in plant growth and development. Florigen plays a crucial role in the process of flowering. However, the process by which auxin [...] Read more.
Auxin response factors(ARFs) are a class of transcription factors that regulate the expression of auxin response genes and play a crucial role in plant growth and development. Florigen plays a crucial role in the process of flowering. However, the process by which auxin regulates the accumulation of florigen remains largely unclear. This study found that the expression of ZmARF16 in maize increases during flowering, and the genetic transformation of ZmARF16 accelerates the flowering process in Arabidopsis and maize. Furthermore, ZmARF16 was found to be positively correlated with the transcription of the ZCN12 gene. Similarly, the FT-like gene ZCN12 in maize rescues the late flowering phenotype of the FT mutation in Arabidopsis. Moreover, ZCN12 actively participates in the accumulation of florigen and the flowering process. Further research revealed that ZmARF16 positively responds to the auxin signal, and that the interaction between ZmARF16 and the ZCN12 promoter, as well as the subsequent promotion of ZCN12 gene expression, leads to early flowering. This was confirmed through a yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assay. Therefore, the study provides evidence that the ZmARF16-ZCN12 module plays a crucial role in regulating the flowering process of maize. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Regulation and Genome Editing: New Insight in Plant Growth, Development, and Adaptation)
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18 pages, 8849 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Characterization and Functional Validation of the ACS Gene Family in the Chestnut Reveals Its Regulatory Role in Ovule Development
by Yanhong Cui, Xingzhou Ji, Wenjie Yu, Yang Liu, Qian Bai and Shuchai Su
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(8), 4454; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084454 - 18 Apr 2024
Viewed by 966
Abstract
Ovule abortion significantly contributes to a reduction in chestnut yield. Therefore, an examination of the mechanisms underlying ovule abortion is crucial for increasing chestnut yield. In our previous study, we conducted a comprehensive multiomic analysis of fertile and abortive ovules and found that [...] Read more.
Ovule abortion significantly contributes to a reduction in chestnut yield. Therefore, an examination of the mechanisms underlying ovule abortion is crucial for increasing chestnut yield. In our previous study, we conducted a comprehensive multiomic analysis of fertile and abortive ovules and found that ACS genes in chestnuts (CmACS) play a crucial role in ovule development. Therefore, to further study the function of ACS genes, a total of seven CmACS members were identified, their gene structures, conserved structural domains, evolutionary trees, chromosomal localization, and promoter cis-acting elements were analyzed, and their subcellular localization was predicted and verified. The spatiotemporal specificity of the expression of the seven CmACS genes was confirmed via qRT–PCR analysis. Notably, CmACS7 was exclusively expressed in the floral organs, and its expression peaked during fertilization and decreased after fertilization. The ACC levels remained consistently greater in fertile ovules than in abortive ovules. The ACSase activity of CmACS7 was identified using the genetic transformation of chestnut healing tissue. Micro Solanum lycopersicum plants overexpressing CmACS7 had a significantly greater rate of seed failure than did wild-type plants. Our results suggest that ovule fertilization activates CmACS7 and increases ACC levels, whereas an overexpression of CmACS7 leads to an increase in ACC content in the ovule prior to fertilization, which can lead to abortion. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that chestnut ovule abortion is caused by poor fertilization and not by nutritional competition. Optimization of the pollination and fertilization of female flowers is essential for increasing chestnut yield and reducing ovule abortion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Regulation and Genome Editing: New Insight in Plant Growth, Development, and Adaptation)
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21 pages, 8698 KiB  
Article
Comparative Transcriptome Sequencing and Endogenous Phytohormone Content of Annual Grafted Branches of Zelkova schneideriana and Its Dwarf Variety HenTianGao
by Chenfei Huang, Xiaoling Jin, Haiyan Lin, Jinsong He and Yan Chen
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(23), 16902; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316902 - 29 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 914
Abstract
Zelkova schneideriana is a fast-growing tree species endemic to China. Recent surveys and reports have highlighted a continued decline in its natural populations; therefore, it is included in the Red List of Threatened Species by The International Union for Conservation of Nature. A [...] Read more.
Zelkova schneideriana is a fast-growing tree species endemic to China. Recent surveys and reports have highlighted a continued decline in its natural populations; therefore, it is included in the Red List of Threatened Species by The International Union for Conservation of Nature. A new variety “HenTianGao” (H) has been developed with smaller plant height, slow growth, and lower branching points. In this study, we attempted to understand the differences in plant height of Z. schneideriana (J) and its dwarf variety H. We determined the endogenous hormone content in the annual grafted branches of both J and H. J exhibited higher gibberellic acid (GA)-19 and trans-Zeatin (tZ) levels, whereas H had higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) catabolite 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid (OxIAA), IAA-Glu conjugate, and jasmonic acid (JA) (and its conjugate JA-Ile). The transcriptome comparison showed differential regulation of 20,944 genes enriched in growth and development, signaling, and metabolism-related pathways. The results show that the differential phytohormone level (IAA, JA, tZ, and GA) was consistent with the expression of the genes associated with their biosynthesis. The differences in relative OxIAA, IAA-Glu, GA19, trans-Zeatin, JA, and JA-Ile levels were linked to changes in respective signaling-related genes. We also observed significant differences in the expression of cell size, number, proliferation, cell wall biosynthesis, and remodeling-related genes in J and H. The differences in relative endogenous hormone levels, expression of biosynthesis, and signaling genes provide a theoretical basis for understanding the plant height differences in Z. schneideriana. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene Regulation and Genome Editing: New Insight in Plant Growth, Development, and Adaptation)
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