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Underlying Molecular Mechanisms of Corneal Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 3690

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
Interests: cell biology; cell stress; cell signaling; mitochondria; Golgi apparatus; cancer research; uveal melanoma; ophthalmology research; cornea; retina

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The cornea is a dome-like structure which is responsible for maintaining transparency in the visual pathway. Functionally, the cornea both provides a barrier for water and actively pumps water out. The unique organization of corneal cells and layers is required for proper functionality, and the compromise of structure or function leads to corneal opacity and potentially visual loss. As an avascular tissue, located at the very front of the eye, the cornea is chronically exposed to stress stimuli, including UV light, oxidative stress, hypoxia, and wounds. Such stress stimuli are associated with the development of various corneal pathologies. In addition, there is a genetic disposition to corneal dystrophies such as Fuchs disease. This special volume is dedicated to the molecular mechanisms that underlie the cellular responses to corneal stress, as well as their implications in corneal disease. 

Dr. Avital Eisenberg-Lerner
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cell biology
  • cell stress
  • cornea
  • corneal dystrophy
  • corneal endothelial cells
  • corneal epithelial cells
  • molecular mechanisms of corneal cell homeostasis
  • ocular disease

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

21 pages, 821 KiB  
Review
The Underlying Relationship between Keratoconus and Down Syndrome
by Theresa Akoto, Jiemin J. Li, Amy J. Estes, Dimitrios Karamichos and Yutao Liu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(18), 10796; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810796 - 16 Sep 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3277
Abstract
Keratoconus (KC) is one of the most significant corneal disorders worldwide, characterized by the progressive thinning and cone-shaped protrusion of the cornea, which can lead to severe visual impairment. The prevalence of KC varies greatly by ethnic groups and geographic regions and has [...] Read more.
Keratoconus (KC) is one of the most significant corneal disorders worldwide, characterized by the progressive thinning and cone-shaped protrusion of the cornea, which can lead to severe visual impairment. The prevalence of KC varies greatly by ethnic groups and geographic regions and has been observed to be higher in recent years. Although studies reveal a possible link between KC and genetics, hormonal disturbances, environmental factors, and specific comorbidities such as Down Syndrome (DS), the exact cause of KC remains unknown. The incidence of KC ranges from 0% to 71% in DS patients, implying that as the worldwide population of DS patients grows, the number of KC patients may continue to rise significantly. As a result, this review aims to shed more light on the underlying relationship between KC and DS by examining the genetics relating to the cornea, central corneal thickness (CCT), and mechanical forces on the cornea, such as vigorous eye rubbing. Furthermore, this review discusses KC diagnostic and treatment strategies that may help detect KC in DS patients, as well as the available DS mouse models that could be used in modeling KC in DS patients. In summary, this review will provide improved clinical knowledge of KC in DS patients and promote additional KC-related research in these patients to enhance their eyesight and provide suitable treatment targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Underlying Molecular Mechanisms of Corneal Disease)
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