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Bacteriophage—Molecular Studies 6.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2025) | Viewed by 4323

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Phage Therapy Center, University Center for Applied and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
Interests: biology of bacteriophages; biodiversity of bacteriophages; regulation of bacteriophage development; regulation of phage gene expression; control of phage DNA replication; phage therapy; phages bearing genes of toxins; bacteriophage genomics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bacteriophages, the viruses infecting bacterial cells, were first described 100 years ago, in 1915, by Frederick Twort. The scientist who introduced the name “bacteriophage” was Felix d’Herelle, who investigated these viruses for many years, leading to new fields of research, including bacteriophage therapy. In the following years, bacteriophages became important model organisms in molecular biology and genetics. Many basic discoveries were made during studies of these viruses, with such spectacular examples as demonstrating that DNA is a genetic material, viruses can encode enzymes, gene expression proceeds through mRNA molecules, the genetic code is based on nucleotide triplets, gene expression can be regulated by transcription antitermination, specific genes encode heat shock proteins, and specific mechanisms regulate DNA replication initiation based on the formation and rearrangements of protein–DNA complexes. The regulatory processes occurring in bacteriophage-infected cells have been considered paradigms of the control of developmental pathways. On the other hand, the history of research on bacteriophages also passed through dark times when, at the end of 20th century, there was the collective impression that we knew almost everything there was to know about these simple viruses, and that it was time to investigate more complex organisms instead. Nevertheless, subsequent discoveries have indicated that such an assumption was unequivocally false, and studies on the molecular biology and biotechnology of bacteriophages have once again become extensive. The interest in these viruses has increased dramatically, and it appears that we are far from understanding the biology of the vast majority of bacteriophages.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences is devoted to publishing papers on studies of bacteriophages at the molecular level. Papers on phage biodiversity, regulation of processes occurring during phage development, as well as the practical use of bacteriophages—including biotechnology and phage therapy—are welcome, providing the studies deal with the molecular level and utilize molecular biology methods. I am hopeful of building a great collection of articles devoted to recent discoveries in the field of bacteriophage molecular biology. Therefore, I invite you to submit manuscripts to this Special Issue as an excellent forum to share your discoveries in this fascinating research field.

Prof. Dr. Alicja Wegrzyn
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • bacteriophage biodiversity
  • regulation of bacteriophage development
  • molecular processes in bacteriophages
  • bacteriophage-based biotechnology
  • phage therapy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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22 pages, 19307 KiB  
Article
Therapeutic and Diagnostic Potential of a Novel K1 Capsule Dependent Phage, JSSK01, and Its Depolymerase in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Infections
by Naveen Gattuboyena, Yu-Chuan Tsai and Ling-Chun Lin
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12497; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312497 - 21 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Bacteriophages are viruses that have the potential to combat bacterial infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains. In this study, we investigated a novel lytic bacteriophage, vB_EcoS_JSSK01, isolated from sewage in Hualien, Taiwan, which effectively combats multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli of the K1 capsular [...] Read more.
Bacteriophages are viruses that have the potential to combat bacterial infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains. In this study, we investigated a novel lytic bacteriophage, vB_EcoS_JSSK01, isolated from sewage in Hualien, Taiwan, which effectively combats multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli of the K1 capsular type. K1 E. coli is a major cause of severe extraintestinal infections, such as neonatal meningitis and urinary tract infections. Phage JSSK01 was found to have a genome size of 44,509 base pairs, producing approximately 123 particles per infected cell in 35 min, and was highly stable across a range of temperatures and pH. JSSK01 infected 59.3% of the MDR strains tested, and its depolymerase (ORF40) specifically degraded the K1 capsule in these bacteria. In a zebrafish model, JSSK01 treatment after infection significantly improved survival, with survival in the treated group reaching 100%, while that in the untreated group dropped to 10% after three days. The functional activity of depolymerase was validated using zone inhibition and agglutination tests. These results indicate that JSSK01 and its substrate-specific depolymerase have promising therapeutic and diagnostic applications against K1-encapsulated MDR E. coli infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteriophage—Molecular Studies 6.0)
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42 pages, 122020 KiB  
Article
Origin, Evolution and Diversity of φ29-like Phages—Review and Bioinformatic Analysis
by Peter Evseev, Daria Gutnik, Alena Evpak, Anastasia Kasimova and Konstantin Miroshnikov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(19), 10838; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910838 - 9 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2599
Abstract
Phage φ29 and related bacteriophages are currently the smallest known tailed viruses infecting various representatives of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. They are characterised by genomic content features and distinctive properties that are unique among known tailed phages; their characteristics include protein primer-driven [...] Read more.
Phage φ29 and related bacteriophages are currently the smallest known tailed viruses infecting various representatives of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. They are characterised by genomic content features and distinctive properties that are unique among known tailed phages; their characteristics include protein primer-driven replication and a packaging process characteristic of this group. Searches conducted using public genomic databases revealed in excess of 2000 entries, including bacteriophages, phage plasmids and sequences identified as being archaeal that share the characteristic features of phage φ29. An analysis of predicted proteins, however, indicated that the metagenomic sequences attributed as archaeal appear to be misclassified and belong to bacteriophages. An analysis of the translated polypeptides of major capsid proteins (MCPs) of φ29-related phages indicated the dissimilarity of MCP sequences to those of almost all other known Caudoviricetes groups and a possible distant relationship to MCPs of T7-like (Autographiviridae) phages. Sequence searches conducted using HMM revealed the relatedness between the main structural proteins of φ29-like phages and an unusual lactococcal phage, KSY1 (Chopinvirus KSY1), whose genome contains two genes of RNA polymerase that are similar to the RNA polymerases of phages of the Autographiviridae and Schitoviridae (N4-like) families. An analysis of the tail tube proteins of φ29-like phages indicated their dissimilarity of the lower collar protein to tail proteins of all other viral groups, but revealed its possible distant relatedness with proteins of toxin translocation complexes. The combination of the unique features and distinctive origin of φ29-related phages suggests the categorisation of this vast group in a new order or as a new taxon of a higher rank. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteriophage—Molecular Studies 6.0)
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