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Advances in Animal Models in Biomedical Research, 3rd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 657

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Guest Editor
Department of Physiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
Interests: animal studies; atrial fibrillation; autonomic nervous system; cardiac arrhythmias; cardiac remodeling
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Dear Colleagues,

Preclinical studies have always represented, and will continue to represent, one of the pillars of medical progress. From William Harvey’s description of blood circulation to the elucidation of mechanisms that underlie atherosclerosis, cardiac arrhythmia, or heart failure, and to the development of heart transplantation, valve replacement, or coronary artery bypass grafting, all major medical breakthroughs have relied on studies performed in laboratory animals. Whether we are discussing the elucidation of physiological or pathophysiological mechanisms, the identification of new therapeutic targets, the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of new therapeutic strategies, or simply the organ and tissue resources that they represent, animals are indisputably an invaluable resource for progress in human medicine. Unfortunately, for numerous reasons, not all results obtained in animal studies end up being confirmed in humans. Choosing the right animal species, using the adequate model, and applying rigorous methodology and statistical tests are therefore critical in animal experimentation.

For this Special Issue, we invite both original research articles and reviews that provide the readers of IJMS with novel data regarding the most relevant animal models used in biomedical research.

Prof. Dr. Alina Scridon
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • animal experimentation
  • in vivo animal studies
  • interspecies differences
  • standardization of animal models
  • statistical analyses in animal studies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

9 pages, 974 KiB  
Article
Increased ROS and Persistent Pro-Inflammatory Responses in a Diabetic Wound Healing Model (db/db): Implications for Delayed Wound Healing
by Hanan Elajaili, Bailey D. Lyttle, Caitlin V. Lewis, James R. Bardill, Nathan Dee, Sudipta Seal, Eva S. Nozik, Kenneth W. Liechty and Carlos Zgheib
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(10), 4884; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104884 - 20 May 2025
Viewed by 402
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications, including impaired wound healing, present a critical clinical challenge and burden for the U.S. healthcare system, with costs of over USD 13 billion annually. Hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation in diabetic wounds increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inducing oxidative [...] Read more.
Diabetes and its complications, including impaired wound healing, present a critical clinical challenge and burden for the U.S. healthcare system, with costs of over USD 13 billion annually. Hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation in diabetic wounds increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inducing oxidative stress and perpetuating inflammation, which delays healing. This study investigates inflammation, oxidative stress, and the roles of cellular populations in a diabetic wound healing mouse model (db/db). Given that diabetes leads to persistent inflammation and impaired fibroblast function, we also examined how diabetes influences superoxide production in dermal fibroblasts. Blood, dermal fibroblasts, and wound tissue were collected from 12-week-old female diabetic (Db) and heterozygous (Hz) mice. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy revealed higher superoxide levels in diabetic blood, dermal fibroblasts, and wounds compared to controls. In diabetic wounds, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry showed increased leukocyte infiltration and reduced macrophage presence, with a higher proportion of pro-inflammatory Ly6Chi macrophages. These results suggest that elevated superoxide production and persistent inflammation contribute to impaired fibroblast function and delayed wound healing in diabetes. By identifying the contributions of ROS and Ly6Chi macrophages to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, this study offers insights into therapeutic strategies. These findings highlight the importance of addressing systemic oxidative stress alongside localized inflammation to improve wound healing outcomes in diabetic patients and advance diabetic wound care strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Animal Models in Biomedical Research, 3rd Edition)
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