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Metabolic Regulation in the Development of Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 3641

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: cardiology; heart failure; cardiac arrest
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous Special Issue, entitled "Metabolic Regulation in the Development of Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure".

Metabolic regulation is strongly related to the development of cardiovascular diseases and heart failure. Different metabolic diseases can predispose the patient to the occurrence of systolic and diastolic dysfunction and, consequently, to heart failure. Among those, impaired glucose metabolism is the metabolic condition most commonly associated with a greater incidence of both coronary artery disease and heart failure. Novel classes of hypoglycemic drugs, such as type 2 sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) or GLP-1 agonists, have been demonstrated to exert greater cardio- and nefro-protection effects. In particular, the use of SGLT2i reduce the risk of heart failure occurrence and of heart failure progression.

However, metabolic regulation in cardiovascular disease and heart failure is complex, and its different stages are characterized by differences in metabolic and hormonal status. In patients with advanced heart failure, the dysregulation of metabolism is associated with a greater catabolic status due to a number of pathophysiological mechanisms. These are responsible for paradoxical epidemiology and cardiac cachexia. The study of the metabolic therapeutic approaches used to treat heart failure patients at different stages is a challenging field of research. This Special Issue aims to present a collection of reviews and original papers that better clarify a range of topics, from the pathophysiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of metabolic regulation related to the risk of cardiovascular disease occurrence through to the onset and progression of heart failure.

Dr. Massimo Iacoviello
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • diabetes
  • metabolism
  • dyslipidemia
  • cardiovascular disease
  • heart failure
  • diagnosis
  • prognosis
  • therapy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

16 pages, 1538 KiB  
Review
Renal Oxygen Demand and Nephron Function: Is Glucose a Friend or Foe?
by Edoardo Gronda, Alberto Palazzuoli, Massimo Iacoviello, Manuela Benevenuto, Domenico Gabrielli and Arduino Arduini
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(12), 9957; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24129957 - 09 Jun 2023
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Abstract
The kidneys and heart work together to balance the body’s circulation, and although their physiology is based on strict inter dependence, their performance fulfills different aims. While the heart can rapidly increase its own oxygen consumption to comply with the wide changes in [...] Read more.
The kidneys and heart work together to balance the body’s circulation, and although their physiology is based on strict inter dependence, their performance fulfills different aims. While the heart can rapidly increase its own oxygen consumption to comply with the wide changes in metabolic demand linked to body function, the kidneys physiology are primarily designed to maintain a stable metabolic rate and have a limited capacity to cope with any steep increase in renal metabolism. In the kidneys, glomerular population filters a large amount of blood and the tubular system has been programmed to reabsorb 99% of filtrate by reabsorbing sodium together with other filtered substances, including all glucose molecules. Glucose reabsorption involves the sodium–glucose cotransporters SGLT2 and SGLT1 on the apical membrane in the proximal tubular section; it also enhances bicarbonate formation so as to preserve the acid–base balance. The complex work of reabsorption in the kidney is the main factor in renal oxygen consumption; analysis of the renal glucose transport in disease states provides a better understanding of the renal physiology changes that occur when clinical conditions alter the neurohormonal response leading to an increase in glomerular filtration pressure. In this circumstance, glomerular hyperfiltration occurs, imposing a higher metabolic demand on kidney physiology and causing progressive renal impairment. Albumin urination is the warning signal of renal engagement over exertion and most frequently heralds heart failure development, regardless of disease etiology. The review analyzes the mechanisms linked to renal oxygen consumption, focusing on sodium–glucose management. Full article
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