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Structural and Functional Insights into Membrane Transporters: A Tribute to Dr. Ernest Wright

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2025 | Viewed by 1994

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Interests: transporters; channnbels; biophysics; crystallography; cryo-EM

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will commemorate the outstanding career of Dr. Ernest Wright, who has recently retired. Dr. Wright, a member of both the Royal Society and the National Academy of Sciences, is renowned for his pioneering contributions to the field of membrane transport, particularly in the cloning and characterization of sodium-glucose co-transporters (SGLTs). His groundbreaking discoveries have shaped our understanding of glucose transport and its implications for human health, laying the foundation for therapeutic advances in diabetes and cancer treatment.

This Special Issue will take a broader approach to membrane transporters, examining various classes of transporters and exploring their structural and functional relationships, as well as their roles in health and disease. By bringing together cutting-edge research, this Special Issue will provide a comprehensive overview of how membrane transporters contribute to cellular function and how their dysfunction can lead to disease.

It is our honor to celebrate Dr. Wright’s illustrious career with this collection of studies, which will also inspire future research in the field of membrane transport.

Prof. Dr. Jeff Abramson
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • membrane transporters
  • membrane protein
  • glucose transport
  • cell membrane
  • interface reaction

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 5451 KiB  
Article
Isorhamnetin Modulates Drug-Resistance-Related Biomarkers in Colon Cancer Cells
by Nikola Radenković, Dejan Milenković, Danijela Nikodijević, Sofija Jovanović Stojanov, Ana Podolski Renić and Milena Milutinović
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(13), 6208; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136208 - 27 Jun 2025
Viewed by 445
Abstract
The development of resistance to standard cytostatics, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), significantly limits the efficacy of colon cancer therapy, prompting the search for novel anticancer agents, particularly among natural compounds. This study evaluated the anticancer effects of isorhamnetin, a plant-derived flavonol, and its [...] Read more.
The development of resistance to standard cytostatics, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), significantly limits the efficacy of colon cancer therapy, prompting the search for novel anticancer agents, particularly among natural compounds. This study evaluated the anticancer effects of isorhamnetin, a plant-derived flavonol, and its ability to modulate the expression of drug-resistance-related biomarkers in SW-480 and HT-29 colon cancer cells, with a focus on ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Isorhamnetin demonstrated strong cytotoxic and proapoptotic activity on both cell lines, while showing lower toxicity toward normal HaCaT cells. In addition to suppressing the mRNA expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP1A1 and CYP1B1), isorhamnetin significantly reduced the mRNA levels of multidrug resistance-associated proteins 1 and 5 (MRP1 and MRP5), as well as the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) level in SW-480 and HT-29 cells. Molecular docking analysis revealed a high binding affinity of isorhamnetin to CYP1A1, CYP1B1, P-gp, MRP1, MRP5, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) proteins, with stronger interactions than those observed for 5-FU, suggesting potential interference with their function. These results provide a solid basis for future investigations to confirm the therapeutic potential of isorhamnetin as a modulator of drug resistance in colon cancer cells. Full article
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20 pages, 9252 KiB  
Article
Structure and Inhibition of the Human Na+/H+ Exchanger SLC9B2
by Sukkyeong Jung, Surabhi Kokane, Hang Li, So Iwata, Norimichi Nomura and David Drew
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(9), 4221; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094221 - 29 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1082
Abstract
The sodium/proton exchanger NHA2, also known as SLC9B2, is important for insulin secretion, renal blood pressure regulation, and electrolyte retention. Recent structures of bison NHA2 has revealed its unique 14-transmembrane helix architecture, which is different from SLC9A/NHE members made up from 13-TM helices. [...] Read more.
The sodium/proton exchanger NHA2, also known as SLC9B2, is important for insulin secretion, renal blood pressure regulation, and electrolyte retention. Recent structures of bison NHA2 has revealed its unique 14-transmembrane helix architecture, which is different from SLC9A/NHE members made up from 13-TM helices. Sodium/proton exchangers are functional homodimers, and the additional N-terminal helix in NHA2 was found to alter homodimer assembly. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structures of apo human NHA2 in complex with a Fab fragment and also with the inhibitor phloretin bound at 2.8 and 2.9 Å resolution, respectively. We show how phosphatidic acid (PA) lipids bind to the homodimer interface of NHA2 on the extracellular side, which we propose has a regulatory role linked to cell volume regulation. The ion binding site of human NHA2 has a salt bridge interaction between the ion binding aspartate D278 and R432, an interaction previously broken in the bison NHA2 structure, and these differences suggest a possible ion coupling mechanism. Lastly, the human NHA2 structure in complex with phloretin offers a template for structure-guided drug design, potentially leading to the development of more selective and potent NHA2 inhibitors. Full article
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