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Eustress: Molecular Events Underlying the Usefulness of Moderate Oxidative Stress in Prevention and Therapy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 1194

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Guest Editor
Former Researcher Clinical Pharmacology Department, Marche Polytechnic University, 60021 Camerano, Ancona, Italy
Interests: medical ozone; system medicine; Nrf2; oxidative stress; clinical pharmacology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many scientists are paying increasing attention to biochemical mechanisms capable of controlling and probably correcting many functions of the human organism, mainly linked to oxidative stress.

It is interesting to note how over the last two decades, thousands of works have been published on a transcription factor called Nrf2, emphasizing its clinical importance and adding to the complexity of the definition of its activity, which can undoubtedly be considered evolutionary of the species.

It is now clear that this path is of enormous importance, even if we are still far from understanding its supposed potential in terms of clinical utility or therapeutic benefits, especially in relation to the inevitable damage of aging.

Among the countless and prestigious works published, it is not yet clear whether the effect of this transcription factor can be activated in a gradual or binary manner.

We believe the time has come for medical science to make an effort to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the action of adequate oxidative stimuli (eustress) capable of modulating the Nrf2 metabolic pathway.

To date, we know that like other pharmacological agents or xenobiotic stimuli, molecules such as medical ozone are also able to interact with the Kep1–Nrf2 complex, initiating a cascade of events which, through complex epigenetic mechanisms, can represent a formidable resource for the regulation of pathological processes resulting from aging, including immune, vascular and neurological functions, and many others.

The aim of this Special Issue will be to stimulate research aimed at understanding the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms not yet completely defined in their complexity.

Dr. Lamberto Re
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • eustress
  • medical ozone
  • Nrf2
  • aging

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

26 pages, 2156 KiB  
Review
Low-Dose Ozone as a Eustress Inducer: Experimental Evidence of the Molecular Mechanisms Accounting for Its Therapeutic Action
by Manuela Malatesta, Gabriele Tabaracci and Carlo Pellicciari
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12657; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312657 - 25 Nov 2024
Viewed by 915
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is an unstable, highly oxidative gas that rapidly decomposes into oxygen. The therapeutic use of O3 dates back to the beginning of 20th century and is currently based on the application of low doses, inducing moderate oxidative stress [...] Read more.
Ozone (O3) is an unstable, highly oxidative gas that rapidly decomposes into oxygen. The therapeutic use of O3 dates back to the beginning of 20th century and is currently based on the application of low doses, inducing moderate oxidative stress that stimulates the antioxidant cellular defences without causing cell damage. In recent decades, experimental investigations allowed the establishment of some basic mechanisms accounting for the therapeutic effects of eustress-inducing low-dose O3. In this review, special attention was given to the impact of O3 administration on the cell oxidant–antioxidant status, O3 anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, efficacy in improving tissue regeneration, and potential anticancer action. Low O3 concentrations proved to drive the cell antioxidant response mainly by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. The anti-inflammatory effect relies on the downregulation of pro-inflammatory factors and the modulation of cytokine secretion. The painkilling action is related to anti-inflammatory processes, inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy, and modulation of pain receptors. The regenerative potential depends on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and pro-proliferative capabilities, as well as fibroblast activation. Finally, the anticancer potential is based on oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as the inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and the induction of apoptosis. Full article
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