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Sustainable Strategies towards Restoring Soil Health and Fertility

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Earth Science and Medical Geology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 March 2023) | Viewed by 3765

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IRNAS-CSIC), Reina Mercedes Av. 10, 41012 Seville, Spain
Interests: climate and environment; carbon sequestration; soil quality; soil organic matter; soil amendments; biochar; analytical and applied pyrolysis
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Guest Editor
Departamento de Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
Interests: biochar; heavy metals; soil pollution; remediation; soil amendment; pyrolysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Life on Earth depends on healthy soils that provide food, clean water, habitats for biodiversity and other important ecosystem services. Nevertheless, poor agricultural management, pollution due to atmospheric deposition and mining activities, irresponsible application of high loads of fertilizers and pesticides, and the deposition of residues can alter the ecological balance of soils in the short and long term. Their consequences encompass the loss of soil productive capacity and environmental problems that are directly (eutrophication, erosion, etc.) and indirectly (greenhouse effect, loss of biodiversity, etc.) related to soils. Thus, soils are globally a threatened resource. Restoring soil's productive capacity and avoiding risks for environment health must be performed in a sustainable way.

The circular economy represents a promising model for supporting sustainable agriculture and reducing the environmental impact of production, processing, and waste-management-related activities. Thus, nutrients present in organic waste can potentially be utilized as fertilizers or soil amendments to reduce the economic and environmental costs associated with fertilizer production and waste disposal. On the other hand, transformed organic wastes are also being used to reclaim degraded soils, as their application supports pollutant stabilization and a greater contribution of carbon to soil, which increases soil’s water retention capacity and, consequently, its physical, chemical, and biological quality.

Therefore, this Special Issue focuses on promoting sustainable agriculture and strategies for the restoration of degraded soils, with special emphasis on soil health effects, covering biological, chemical, physical, biochemical, and environmental aspects.

Dr. José De la Rosa
Dr. Paloma Campos
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • organic amendments
  • organic fertilizer
  • sustainability
  • soil remediation
  • soil organic matter
  • waste as soil ameliorant
  • biochar
  • compost
  • pollutants
  • heavy metals

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 15003 KiB  
Article
Soil Organic Matter Molecular Composition Shifts Driven by Forest Regrowth or Pasture after Slash-and-Burn of Amazon Forest
by Otávio dos Anjos Leal, Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo, José A. González-Pérez, Heike Knicker, Falberni de Souza Costa, Pedro N. Jiménez-Morillo, João Andrade de Carvalho Júnior, José Carlos dos Santos and Deborah Pinheiro Dick
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3485; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043485 - 16 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1798
Abstract
Slash-and-burn of Amazon Forest (AF) for pasture establishment has increased the occurrence of AF wildfires. Recent studies emphasize soil organic matter (SOM) molecular composition as a principal driver of post-fire forest regrowth and restoration of AF anti-wildfire ambience. Nevertheless, SOM chemical shifts caused [...] Read more.
Slash-and-burn of Amazon Forest (AF) for pasture establishment has increased the occurrence of AF wildfires. Recent studies emphasize soil organic matter (SOM) molecular composition as a principal driver of post-fire forest regrowth and restoration of AF anti-wildfire ambience. Nevertheless, SOM chemical shifts caused by AF fires and post-fire vegetation are rarely investigated at a molecular level. We employed pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to reveal molecular changes in SOM (0–10, 40–50 cm depth) of a slash-burn-and-20-month-regrowth AF (BAF) and a 23-year Brachiaria pasture post-AF fire (BRA) site compared to native AF (NAF). In BAF (0–10 cm), increased abundance of unspecific aromatic compounds (UACs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and lipids (Lip) coupled with a depletion of polysaccharides (Pol) revealed strong lingering effects of fire on SOM. This occurs despite fresh litter deposition on soil, suggesting SOM minimal recovery and toxicity to microorganisms. Accumulation of recalcitrant compounds and slow decomposition of fresh forest material may explain the higher carbon content in BAF (0–5 cm). In BRA, SOM was dominated by Brachiaria contributions. At 40–50 cm, alkyl and hydroaromatic compounds accumulated in BRA, whereas UACs accumulated in BAF. UACs and PAH compounds were abundant in NAF, possibly air-transported from BAF. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Strategies towards Restoring Soil Health and Fertility)
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22 pages, 3052 KiB  
Article
Soil pH and Soluble Organic Matter Shifts Exerted by Heating Affect Microbial Response
by Gael Bárcenas-Moreno, Elizabeth Jiménez-Compán, Layla M. San Emeterio, Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo and José A. González-Pérez
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 15751; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315751 - 26 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1533
Abstract
Fire-induced alterations to soil pH and organic matter play an important role in the post-fire microbial response. However, the magnitude of which each parameter affects this response is still unclear. The main objective of this work was to determine the magnitude in which [...] Read more.
Fire-induced alterations to soil pH and organic matter play an important role in the post-fire microbial response. However, the magnitude of which each parameter affects this response is still unclear. The main objective of this work was to determine the magnitude in which soil pH and organic matter fire-induced alterations condition the response of viable and cultivable micro-organisms using laboratory heating, mimicking a range of fire intensities. Four heating treatments were applied to unaltered forest soil: unheated, 300, 450, and 500 °C. In order to isolate the effect of nutrient or pH heating-induced changes, different culture media were prepared using soil:water extracts from the different heated soils, nutrient, and pH amendments. Each medium was inoculated with different dilutions of a microbial suspension from the same original, unaltered soil, and microbial abundance was estimated. Concurrently, freeze-dry aliquots from each soil:water extract were analyzed by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The microbial abundance in media prepared with heated soil was lower than that in media prepared with unheated soil. Nutrient addition and pH compensation appear to promote microbial proliferation in unaltered and low-intensity heated treatments, but not in those heated at the highest temperatures. Soil organic matter characterization showed a reduction in the number of organic compounds in soil-heated treatments and a marked increase in aromatic compounds, which could be related to the observed low microbial proliferation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Strategies towards Restoring Soil Health and Fertility)
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