Advances in Genetic Counseling and Genetic Testing in Precision Medicine

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Genomics and Genetic Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2024 | Viewed by 3683

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Molecular Genetics, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
Interests: cytogenetics; cytogenomics; molecular cytogenetics; preimplantation genetic testing; prenatal genetic testing

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
2. Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
3. Research Center for Supports to Advanced Science, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
4. Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
5. BioBank Shinshu, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
Interests: Ehlers–Danlos syndrome; medical genetics; human genetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. Division of Clinical Genetics, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
2. Support Center for Genetic Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
Interests: clinical genetics; medical genetics education; genetic counseling; hypophosphatasia

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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
Interests: clinical genetics; dysmorphology; family health history; genetic counseling; pedigree

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As we progress towards an era dominated by genomic medicine, the tools at its forefront—genetic counseling and testing—are becoming invaluable components of individualized healthcare. These approaches, rooted in advanced genomic analysis techniques, promise to transform traditional paradigms, ensuring that medical interventions are tailored to the unique genetic makeup of each individual. This Special Issue, "Advances in Genetic Counseling and Genetic Testing in Precision Medicine", encapsulates this evolution. We are particularly keen on spotlighting studies that delve into the advancements in genetic counseling, genetic testing methodologies, and real-world applications, showcasing their integration into precision medicine. Furthermore, discussions that bridge the gap between theory and practice, emphasizing the tangible impacts of these tools on patient outcomes, will be highly esteemed. We encourage luminaries in the field to share their insights, findings, and visions, helping to chart the course of genomic medicine's promising future.

Prof. Dr. Hiroki Kurahashi
Prof. Dr. Tomoki Kosho
Prof. Dr. Atsushi Watanabe
Prof. Dr. Tomoharu Tokutomi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • clinical integration of genomic data
  • ethical and socioeconomic implications
  • family health history
  • genetic risk assessment
  • medical genetics education
  • next-generation sequencing in diagnosis
  • personalized genomic medicine
  • bioinformatics in genomics
  • pharmacogenomics and drug response
  • genetic counseling and decision making
  • molecular biomarkers in disease
  • genomics of rare diseases
  • population genetics and evolutionary studies
  • epigenetics and gene regulation
  • artificial intelligence and machine learning in genomics
  • genomic data privacy and security
  • translational genomics and therapeutics

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1322 KiB  
Article
Inherited Optic Neuropathies: Real-World Experience in the Paediatric Neuro-Ophthalmology Clinic
by Michael James Gilhooley, Naz Raoof, Patrick Yu-Wai-Man and Mariya Moosajee
Genes 2024, 15(2), 188; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15020188 - 30 Jan 2024
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Abstract
Inherited optic neuropathies affect around 1 in 10,000 people in England; in these conditions, vision is lost as retinal ganglion cells lose function or die (usually due to pathological variants in genes concerned with mitochondrial function). Emerging gene therapies for these conditions have [...] Read more.
Inherited optic neuropathies affect around 1 in 10,000 people in England; in these conditions, vision is lost as retinal ganglion cells lose function or die (usually due to pathological variants in genes concerned with mitochondrial function). Emerging gene therapies for these conditions have emphasised the importance of early and expedient molecular diagnoses, particularly in the paediatric population. Here, we report our real-world clinical experience of such a population, exploring which children presented with the condition, how they were investigated and the time taken for a molecular diagnosis to be reached. A retrospective case-note review of paediatric inherited optic neuropathy patients (0–16 years) in the tertiary neuro-ophthalmology service at Moorfields Eye Hospital between 2016 and 2020 identified 19 patients. Their mean age was 9.3 ± 4.6 (mean ± SD) years at presentation; 68% were male, and 32% were female; and 26% had comorbidities, with diversity of ethnicity. Most patients had undergone genetic testing (95% (n = 18)), of whom 43% (n = 8) received a molecular diagnosis. On average, this took 54.8 ± 19.5 weeks from presentation. A cerebral MRI was performed in 70% (n = 14) and blood testing in 75% (n = 15) of patients as part of their workup. Continual improvement in the investigative pathways for inherited optic neuropathies will be paramount as novel therapeutics become available. Full article
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13 pages, 2437 KiB  
Article
Stakeholder Perception of the Implementation of Genetic Risk Testing for Twelve Multifactorial Diseases
by Tomoharu Tokutomi, Akiko Yoshida, Akimune Fukushima, Fuji Nagami, Yuko Minoura and Makoto Sasaki
Genes 2024, 15(1), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15010049 - 28 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1111
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have been employed to develop numerous risk prediction models using polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for multifactorial diseases. However, healthcare providers lack confidence in their understanding of PRS risk stratification for multifactorial diseases, which underscores the need to assess the readiness [...] Read more.
Genome-wide association studies have been employed to develop numerous risk prediction models using polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for multifactorial diseases. However, healthcare providers lack confidence in their understanding of PRS risk stratification for multifactorial diseases, which underscores the need to assess the readiness of PRSs for clinical use. To address this issue, we surveyed the perceptions of healthcare providers as stakeholders in the clinical implementation of genetic-based risk prediction for multifactorial diseases. We conducted a web-based study on the need for risk prediction based on genetic information and the appropriate timing of testing for 12 multifactorial diseases. Responses were obtained from 506 stakeholders. Positive perceptions of genetic risk testing were found for adult-onset chronic diseases. As per participant opinion, testing for adult-onset diseases should be performed after the age of 20 years, whereas testing for psychiatric and allergic disorders that manifest during childhood should be performed from birth to 19 years of age. The stakeholders recognized the need for genetic risk testing for diseases that develop in adulthood, believing that the appropriate testing time is after maturity. This study contributes to the discussion on the clinical implementation of the PRS for genetic risk prediction of multifactorial diseases. Full article
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13 pages, 2026 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Value of Genotype–Phenotype Correlations in X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy and the Use of the Face2Gene Application as an Effective Non-Invasive Diagnostic Tool
by Katarína Kušíková, Andrea Šoltýsová, Andrej Ficek, René G. Feichtinger, Johannes A. Mayr, Martina Škopková, Daniela Gašperíková, Miriam Kolníková, Karoline Ornig, Ognian Kalev, Serge Weis and Denisa Weis
Genes 2023, 14(12), 2174; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14122174 - 03 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Background: X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy resulting from dysfunction of the protein myotubularin encoded by the MTM1 gene. XLMTM has a high neonatal and infantile mortality rate due to a severe myopathic phenotype and respiratory failure. However, in a [...] Read more.
Background: X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy resulting from dysfunction of the protein myotubularin encoded by the MTM1 gene. XLMTM has a high neonatal and infantile mortality rate due to a severe myopathic phenotype and respiratory failure. However, in a minority of XLMTM cases, patients present with milder phenotypes and achieve ambulation and adulthood. Notable facial dysmorphia is also present. Methods: We investigated the genotype–phenotype correlations in newly diagnosed XLMTM patients in a patients’ cohort (previously published data plus three novel variants, n = 414). Based on the facial gestalt difference between XLMTM patients and unaffected controls, we investigated the use of the Face2Gene application. Results: Significant associations between severe phenotype and truncating variants (p < 0.001), frameshift variants (p < 0.001), nonsense variants (p = 0.006), and in/del variants (p = 0.036) were present. Missense variants were significantly associated with the mild and moderate phenotype (p < 0.001). The Face2Gene application showed a significant difference between XLMTM patients and unaffected controls (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Using genotype–phenotype correlations could predict the disease course in most XLMTM patients, but still with limitations. The Face2Gene application seems to be a practical, non-invasive diagnostic approach in XLMTM using the correct algorithm. Full article
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