Development of Nuclear SNP Markers for Tracing Timber

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Wood Science and Forest Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 June 2024) | Viewed by 3683

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Seção de Melhoramento e Conservação Genética Florestal, Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
2. Câmpus de Ilha Solteira, São Paulo State University—UNESP-FEIS, Ilha Solteira, Brazil
Interests: ex situ conservation; genetic improvement of temperate and tropical trees; in situ conservation of tropical tree species; studies of pollen and seed dispersal; inbreeding depression and control of timber origin using DNA fingerprint

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Illegal logging is among the main causes of intense and continuous deforestation in the world, causing environmental and economic damage, such as loss of biodiversity, extinction of populations, contribution to climate change, and leading to loss of profits in the legal timber market by offering products at extremely low prices. To curb deforestation and the sale of timber illegally extracted from natural forests, laws on the import and sale of timber are currently in force in several countries.

Tracking the origin of timber based on documentation of forest management plans, cutting licenses, volume, and declaration of transported loads is not efficient because it can be easily falsified. Methods based on molecular markers (DNA fingerprint) have been proven to be efficient for tracking the origin of timber and combating fraud in the timber trade. The international timber market encompasses a significant tree diversity and the current number of species that had DNA markers developed is still insufficient for a global timber tracking.

I invite contributions from applied research to DNA fingerprinting of tree species to help monitor the control of illegal timber inheritance and reduce deforestation and illegal timber inheritance in the world. The main objective of this Special Issue is to increase the amount of genetic information to control the origin of the commercialized timber.

Prof. Dr. Alexandre Magno Sebbenn
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • illegal logging
  • forensics
  • SNP markers
  • SSR markers
  • timber tracking
  • trees
  • tropical trees

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3392 KiB  
Article
Timber Tracking of Jacaranda copaia from the Amazon Forest Using DNA Fingerprinting
by Lorena Frigini Moro Capo, Bernd Degen, Celine Blanc-Jolivet, Niklas Tysklind, Stephen Cavers, Malte Mader, Barbara Rocha Venancio Meyer-Sand, Kathelyn Paredes-Villanueva, Eurídice Nora Honorio Conorado, Carmen Rosa García-Dávila, Valérie Troispoux, Adline Delcamp and Alexandre Magno Sebbenn
Forests 2024, 15(8), 1478; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081478 - 22 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1435
Abstract
We investigated the utility of nuclear and cytoplasmic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for timber tracking of the intensively logged and commercialized Amazonian tree Jacaranda copaia. Eight hundred and thirty-two trees were sampled (cambium or leaves) from 38 sampling sites in Bolivia, [...] Read more.
We investigated the utility of nuclear and cytoplasmic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for timber tracking of the intensively logged and commercialized Amazonian tree Jacaranda copaia. Eight hundred and thirty-two trees were sampled (cambium or leaves) from 38 sampling sites in Bolivia, Brazil, French Guiana, and Peru. A total of 128 SNP markers (113 nuclear, 11 chloroplastic, and 4 mitochondrial) were used for genotyping the samples. Bayesian cluster analyses were carried out to group individuals into homogeneous genetic groups for tests to self-assign groups of individuals or individuals to their population of origin. Cluster analysis based on all the SNP markers detected seven main genetic groups. Genetic differentiation was high among populations (0.484) and among genetic groups (0.415), and populations showed a strong isolation-by-distance pattern. Self-assignment testing of the groups of individuals for all loci was able to determine the population origin of all the samples (accuracy = 100%). Self-assignment tests of individuals were able to assign the origin of 94.5%–100% of individuals (accuracy: 91.7%–100%). Our results show that the use of the 128 SNP markers is suitable to correctly determine the origin of J. copaia timber, and they should be considered a useful tool for customs and local and international police. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Nuclear SNP Markers for Tracing Timber)
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12 pages, 2902 KiB  
Article
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Central China Based on SNP Markers
by Aixia Yang, Xiaolei Ding, Yuan Feng, Tingting Chen and Jianren Ye
Forests 2023, 14(7), 1443; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14071443 - 13 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1520
Abstract
Hubei, Hunan and Henan Provinces are located in Central China, a region with extensive transport networks and trade. The pine wilt nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causative agent of pine wilt disease, is spread mainly through human activities. To further understand the [...] Read more.
Hubei, Hunan and Henan Provinces are located in Central China, a region with extensive transport networks and trade. The pine wilt nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causative agent of pine wilt disease, is spread mainly through human activities. To further understand the genetic structure of PWN in Central China, we studied the genetic information of PWN populations in this region and compared the genetic relationship with strains from Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces. We found that the HB (Hubei) 15, HEN (Henan) 20, HN (Hunan) 07, HN08 and HN10 had significantly more SNPs and homozygotes than other strains from Central China, and their most frequent mutant genotypes also differed from other strains. The clustering results indicated that HB15, HEN 20, HN07, HN08 and HN10 were genetically distinct from other strains and closely related to Guangdong strains. We also observed significant genetic variation among strains in Henan province, suggesting that some of them might have different transmission sources than those from Hubei and Hunan provinces. Introgression analysis identified three possible pathways: (1) Guangdong to Henan; (2) Guangdong to Hunan; and (3) Jiangsu to Hubei. The results provide a basis for tracing the origin and spread of pine wood disease in China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Nuclear SNP Markers for Tracing Timber)
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