Advancing Sustainable Urban Wastewater Systems: Innovative Technologies from Sewer to Treatment Plants

A Special Issue of Environments (ISSN 2076-3298) belonging to the section "Environmental Monitoring and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2026 | Viewed by 2229

Editors


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Guest Editor
Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Interests: sewer systems; resource recovery; integrated management; process optimization

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Guest Editor
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Interests: biological wastewater treatment; resource recovery from wastewater and biosolids; anaerobic processes; membrane bioreactors; environmental biomaterials
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Guest Editor
Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Interests: wastewater management; resource recovery; sustainability

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urban wastewater systems are essential components of modern cities, safeguarding public health and environmental quality. However, existing systems were designed primarily for the rapid conveyance and end-of-pipe treatment of wastewater, with limited consideration of energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions and resource recovery. As urbanization intensifies and climate pressures increase, these conventional paradigms are increasingly challenged by aging infrastructure, rising operational costs and stricter environmental regulations. Sewer systems are no longer passive conveyance structures; they host complex biogeochemical processes that influence pollutant transformation, greenhouse gas emissions, corrosion, odor generation and downstream treatment performance (e.g., COD loss). Meanwhile, wastewater treatment plants remain highly energy-intensive facilities, with aeration and sludge handling dominating energy demand and carbon footprints. The lack of integrated monitoring, modeling and control across the sewer–treatment continuum limits system-level optimization and the effective recovery of energy, nutrients and water.

This Special Issue, Advancing Sustainable Urban Wastewater Systems: Innovative Technologies from Sewer to Treatment Plants, aims to address these challenges by presenting cutting-edge technologies and integrated strategies that enhance the sustainability of integrated urban wastewater systems. The scope includes innovations in-sewer monitoring and process regulation, advanced sensing and digitalization, data-driven modeling and optimization, low-energy and low-carbon treatment processes and technologies for resource recovery at both sewer and plant scales. By fostering a holistic and system-oriented perspective, this Special Issue seeks to bridge the traditional divide between sewer systems and wastewater treatment plants and to support the transition toward resilient, energy-efficient and resource-recovering urban wastewater infrastructures.

Dr. Zhiqiang Zuo
Dr. Xiaoyuan Zhang
Dr. Xiaotong Cen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • sewers
  • wastewater treatment
  • resource recovery
  • greenhouse gas

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6527 KB  
Article
Assessment of Asbestos Fiber Occurrence and Removal Throughout the Drinking Water Treatment Chain: From Source Contamination to Household Filtration
by María A. Narváez-Cuadro, Manuel Saba, Luis F. Torres Jiménez, Oscar E. Coronado-Hernandez and Liseth Sequeda-Sequeda
Environments 2026, 13(8), 451; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13080451 - 14 Aug 2026
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Abstract
Asbestos contamination in drinking water remains an underexplored environmental issue despite the widespread historical use of asbestos-cement materials in water infrastructure and buildings worldwide. This study evaluated the occurrence and removal of asbestos fibers throughout the drinking water treatment chain in Cartagena de [...] Read more.
Asbestos contamination in drinking water remains an underexplored environmental issue despite the widespread historical use of asbestos-cement materials in water infrastructure and buildings worldwide. This study evaluated the occurrence and removal of asbestos fibers throughout the drinking water treatment chain in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, from source contamination to household filtration. Synthetic asbestos-contaminated water prepared from asbestos-cement roofing materials was treated using coagulation–flocculation with aluminum sulfate, a pilot-scale conventional treatment train, membrane filtration, and household point-of-use filtration systems. Asbestos quantification and mineral identification were performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with results reported as million fibers per liter (MFL). Coagulation–flocculation achieved the highest removal efficiencies, reaching up to 99.8% at aluminum sulfate dosages between 35 and 45 mg/L. The pilot-scale treatment system substantially reduced asbestos concentrations, with granular filtration representing the principal removal barrier. Membrane filtration exhibited moderate and highly variable performance, with an average removal efficiency of 44.7%, whereas household filters showed inconsistent behavior and occasional concentration peaks associated with possible breakthrough or remobilization processes. The results demonstrate that asbestos removal is strongly governed by the treatment mechanism, with particle destabilization and aggregation outperforming technologies relying exclusively on physical retention. These findings support the progressive replacement of asbestos-containing water infrastructure as the primary long-term preventive strategy, complemented by targeted monitoring and optimized asbestos-removal treatment where fiber contamination is detected or a risk of release from legacy materials exists. Full article
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16 pages, 7382 KB  
Article
Partial Nitritation Under Zero-Pressure Aeration in a Membrane-Aerated Biofilm Reactor: Nitrite Accumulation, EPS Molecular Structure, and Microbial Community
by Peishan Yang, Yu Cao, Peng Zheng, Ying Liu, Mingxin Zhu, Hua Zhou and Shunlong Pan
Environments 2026, 13(5), 264; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13050264 - 9 May 2026
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Abstract
Achieving stable partial nitritation (PN) in mainstream municipal wastewater treatment is critical for energy-efficient anammox-based nitrogen removal. However, selectively suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) while retaining ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) remains challenging. This study investigated the performance and microbial mechanisms of PN in a membrane-aerated [...] Read more.
Achieving stable partial nitritation (PN) in mainstream municipal wastewater treatment is critical for energy-efficient anammox-based nitrogen removal. However, selectively suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) while retaining ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) remains challenging. This study investigated the performance and microbial mechanisms of PN in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) under zero-pressure aeration. The results showed that zero-pressure aeration achieved a nitrite accumulation ratio (NAR) of 82.14%, significantly higher than that under constant aeration (13.2%) and intermittent aeration (53.5%). Zero-pressure aeration led to a significant increase in the fluorescence intensities of tyrosine/tryptophan protein in extracellular polymeric substances. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that zero-pressure aeration achieved a modest reduction in the relative abundance of NOB Nitrospira from 3.39% to 2.74% while increasing the relative abundance of AOB Nitrosomonas from 0.04% to 1.09%. Enzyme activity assays further showed that zero-pressure aeration significantly decreased nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR) activity while maintaining ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) activities, providing direct functional evidence for NOB suppression. Zero-pressure operation required no external air supply, representing a passive aeration strategy for PN. These results suggest that zero-pressure aeration may reshape the competition between AOB and NOB by enriching AOB and suppressing NOB, providing a new energy-efficient pathway for mainstream nitrogen removal. Full article
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