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Dissipative Physical Dynamics
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Dissipative Physical Dynamics

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Thermodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 4445

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Katalin Mária Gambár

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Kálmán Kandó Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Óbuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: mathematical physics; theoretical physics; thermodynamics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although the conceptual framework of dissipation and irreversibility is rooted in thermodynamics, no physical discipline is truly independent of it. Moreover, it can be confidently stated that understanding the unidirectionality of processes and their potential "reversibility" is not only fundamentally significant at the level of axioms but also crucial from the technical implementation perspective. This Special Issue highlights the challenges of dissipation and the reconstruction of the original state in processes described by classical and modern frameworks. The possibilities are vast; therefore, narrowing them down is unnecessary. As an example, some of the most pertinent topics in this context include studies related to signal propagation and information transmission. These are not limited to quantum transport phenomena but also address charge, spin, and thermal effects occurring in nano- and microcircuits, as well as how changes in amplitude and phase relationships in optical signal transmission can be translated into an appropriate dissipation indicator. An intriguing question is whether dissipation can be introduced in particle physics or cosmology. For the processes under investigation, it is worth highlighting how thermodynamic constraints manifest and how the degree of dissipation should be expressed.

To summarize, we outline the key areas where new results are most anticipated:

  1. Mathematical modeling of dissipative systems: Modeling dissipation effects in various systems.
  2. Thermal processes and entropy production: Entropy generation in dissipative systems. Irreversible processes and their roles in thermodynamic systems. Viscosity, friction, electrical resistance, and other dissipation mechanisms. Dissipative effects in material structures.
  3. Appearance of dissipative processes in nanoscale systems: Simulation and experimental studies of dissipative systems.
  4. Quantum mechanical dissipation: Energy emission into the environment within the quantum system. Dynamics of dissipative quantum states and decoherence.
  5. Astrophysical and cosmological aspects: Dissipation mechanisms in stars, planets, galaxies, and interstellar space.

Dr. Katalin Mária Gambár
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Entropy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dissipation
  • irreversibility
  • nonequilibrium processes
  • entropy
  • state reconstruction
  • classical and quantum transport
  • decoherence
  • material structure
  • cosmological model
  • electrical losses
  • electromagnetic wave absorption
  • thermalization
  • complex systems
  • coupled systems

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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20 pages, 2209 KB  
Article
Digitizing Micromaser Steady States: Entropy, Information Graphs, and Multipartite Correlations in Qubit Registers
by István Németh, Szilárd Zsóka and Attila Bencze
Entropy 2026, 28(2), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/e28020162 - 31 Jan 2026
Viewed by 417
Abstract
We develop a digitization-based analysis workflow for characterizing the entropy and correlation structure of truncated bosonic quantum fields after embedding them into small qubit registers, and illustrate it on the steady state of a coherently pumped micromaser. The cavity field is truncated to [...] Read more.
We develop a digitization-based analysis workflow for characterizing the entropy and correlation structure of truncated bosonic quantum fields after embedding them into small qubit registers, and illustrate it on the steady state of a coherently pumped micromaser. The cavity field is truncated to 32 Fock levels and embedded into a five-qubit register via a Gray-code mapping of photon number to computational basis states, with binary encoding used as a benchmark. On this register we compute reduced entropies, mutual informations, bipartite negativities and Coffman–Kundu–Wootters three-tangles for all qubit pairs and triplets, and use the resulting patterns to define information graphs. The micromaser Liouvillian naturally supports trapping manifolds in Fock space, whose structure depends on the choice of interaction angle and on thermal coupling to the reservoir. We show that these manifolds leave a clear imprint on the digitized information graph: multi-block trapping configurations induce sparse, banded patterns dominated by a few two-qubit links, while trapping on a single 32-dimensional manifold or coupling to a thermally populated cavity leads to more delocalized and collectively shared correlations. The entropy and mutual-information profiles of the register provide a complementary view on how energy and information are distributed across qubits in different parameter regimes. Although the full micromaser dynamics can in principle generate higher-order entanglement, we focus here on well-defined measures of two- and three-party correlations and treat the emerging information graph as a structural probe of digitized field states. We expect the workflow to transfer to other bosonic fields encoded in small qubit registers, and outline how the resulting information-graph view can serve as a practical diagnostic in studies of driven-dissipative correlation structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dissipative Physical Dynamics)
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14 pages, 477 KB  
Article
A Dissipative Phenomenon: The Mechanical Model of the Cosmological Axion Influence
by Ferenc Márkus and Katalin Gambár
Entropy 2025, 27(10), 1036; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27101036 - 2 Oct 2025
Viewed by 567
Abstract
The appearance of a negative mass term in the classical, non-relativistic Klein–Gordon equation deduced from mechanical interactions describes a repulsive interaction. In the case of a traveling wave, this results in an increase in amplitude and a decrease in the wave propagation velocity. [...] Read more.
The appearance of a negative mass term in the classical, non-relativistic Klein–Gordon equation deduced from mechanical interactions describes a repulsive interaction. In the case of a traveling wave, this results in an increase in amplitude and a decrease in the wave propagation velocity. Since this leads to dissipation, it is a symmetry-breaking phenomenon. After the repulsive interaction is eliminated, the system evolves towards the original state. Given that the interactions within the system are conservative, it would be assumed that even the original state is restored. The analysis to be presented shows that a wave with a lower angular frequency than the original one is transformed back to a slightly larger amplitude. This description is a suitable model of the axion effect, during which an electromagnetic wave interacts with a repulsive field and becomes of a continuously lower frequency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dissipative Physical Dynamics)
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32 pages, 898 KB  
Article
Heat Conduction Model Based on the Explicit Euler Method for Non-Stationary Cases
by Attila Érchegyi and Ervin Rácz
Entropy 2025, 27(10), 994; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27100994 - 24 Sep 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1282
Abstract
This article presents an optimization of the explicit Euler method for a heat conduction model. The starting point of the paper was the analysis of the limitations of the explicit Euler scheme and the classical CFL condition in the transient domain, which pointed [...] Read more.
This article presents an optimization of the explicit Euler method for a heat conduction model. The starting point of the paper was the analysis of the limitations of the explicit Euler scheme and the classical CFL condition in the transient domain, which pointed to the oscillation occurring in the intermediate states. To eliminate this phenomenon, we introduced the No-Sway Threshold given for the Fourier number (K), stricter than the CFL, which guarantees the monotonic approximation of the temperature–time evolution. Thereafter, by means of the identical inequalities derived based on the Method of Equating Coefficients, we determined the optimal values of Δt and Δx. Finally, for the construction of the variable grid spacing (M2), we applied the equation expressing the R of the identical inequality system and accordingly specified the thickness of the material elements (Δξ). As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate the procedure on an application case with major simplifications: during an emergency shutdown of the Flexblue® SMR, the temperature of the air inside the tank instantly becomes 200 °C, while the initial temperatures of the water and the steel are 24 °C. For a 50.003 mm × 50.003 mm surface patch of the tank, we keep the leftmost and rightmost material elements of the uniform-grid (M1) and variable-grid (M2) single-line models at constant temperature; we scale the results up to the total external surface (6714.39 m2). In the M2 case, a larger portion of the heat power taken up from the air is expended on heating the metal, while the rise in the heat power delivered to the seawater is more moderate. At the 3000th min, the steel-wall temperature in M1 falls between 26.229 °C and 25.835 °C, whereas in M2 the temperature gradient varies between 34.648 °C and 30.041 °C, which confirms the advantage of the combination of variable grid spacing and the No-Sway Threshold. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dissipative Physical Dynamics)
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14 pages, 498 KB  
Article
Analytic Solutions and Entropy Production of the Double-Diffusive Equation System
by Imre Ferenc Barna and László Mátyás
Entropy 2025, 27(9), 946; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27090946 - 10 Sep 2025
Viewed by 709
Abstract
We investigate the partial differential equation system which describes the double-diffusion convection phenomena with the reduction formalism. Double-diffusion refers to when two scalar quantities with different diffusivity, such as heat and solute concentration, contribute to density gradients within a fluid under the influence [...] Read more.
We investigate the partial differential equation system which describes the double-diffusion convection phenomena with the reduction formalism. Double-diffusion refers to when two scalar quantities with different diffusivity, such as heat and solute concentration, contribute to density gradients within a fluid under the influence of gravity. The time-dependent self-similar trial function is applied and analytic results are presented for the dynamical variables and analyzed in detail. Additionally, the entropy production was derived as well. In the second part of the study we investigate the role of an additional heat source. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dissipative Physical Dynamics)
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10 pages, 250 KB  
Brief Report
Antiunitary Symmetry in Non-Hermitian Dissipative Dynamics and Neutron Scattering
by László Deák
Entropy 2026, 28(4), 404; https://doi.org/10.3390/e28040404 - 3 Apr 2026
Viewed by 238
Abstract
Symmetry transformations are defined by operators in quantum mechanics that preserve the modulus of the scalar product between Hilbert space vectors. According to Wigner’s theorem, any such transformation is represented by either a unitary linear operator or an antiunitary (isometric conjugate-linear) operator. Although [...] Read more.
Symmetry transformations are defined by operators in quantum mechanics that preserve the modulus of the scalar product between Hilbert space vectors. According to Wigner’s theorem, any such transformation is represented by either a unitary linear operator or an antiunitary (isometric conjugate-linear) operator. Although antiunitary symmetries—most notably time reversal and charge conjugation—are encountered less frequently than unitary ones, they are fundamental to the description of non-conservative and reversible systems. The most frequently treated antiunitary operators are the involutive ones, called conjugations. Any antiunitary operator can be written as a product of a conjugation and a unitary operator. Considering general scattering problems defined by a scattering potential and separating conjugation from the symmetry operator, one can find the role of complex symmetric (in other words self-transpose) unitary operators in physical problems. This approach provides a robust framework for analyzing the role of non-Hermitian symmetries in wave scattering and dissipative dynamics. To demonstrate the practical applicability of these theoretical concepts, we analyze the case of polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR). We show that the scattering potential in PNR, comprising nuclear and magnetic terms, can satisfy the condition of being unitarily equivalent to its transpose, thereby guaranteeing reciprocity under specific orientations of the magnetic field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dissipative Physical Dynamics)
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