Thermodynamics and Anomalous Properties in Fluids
A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Thermodynamics".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 1975
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Water is the most abundant and, arguably, the most important fluid on Earth. It influences every aspect of our lives, as it drives the biological processes, serving as a universal solvent. In the biosphere, water accounts for more than half of the weight of living cells. Industrially, it is used as a coolant, solvent, and reactant. Water is also one of the most unusual liquids. It is notable for having a very complex phase diagram with many anomalies, such as the negative slope of its liquid–solid boundary. Related to this is the other well-known anomaly, namely, the greater density of water compared with ice and a temperature range where the density of water increases with warming. Water’s thermodynamics and the exact mechanism of water anomalies have been extensively researched and are not completely clear. It is known, however, that strong and heavily angular-dependent interactions, known as hydrogen bonds, play a vital role in water’s thermodynamic properties. They introduce a competition between the orientational order that favors low-density tetrahedral coordination and the configurational order that favors denser coordination. At lower temperatures, the orientational contribution is dominant, whereas at higher temperatures the reverse is true.
Despite significant work and progress in this area, the thermodynamics properties of water and other anomalous liquids are still not well understood. Water, for example, is difficult to model because it forms hydrogen bonds, which can be described by orientation-dependent interactions. These interactions are coupled to each other rigidly and sterically (i.e., when a water molecule rotates, moving one hydrogen bonding arm, it rigidly moves all the other hydrogen bonding arms). This Special Issue aims to emphasize new research results in the application of statistical thermodynamics to entropy and anomalous properties of liquids. Original manuscripts highlighting the various topics in this area, both traditional and novel, are welcome.
Prof. Dr. Tomaž Urbić
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- theory of the liquid structure
- anomalous properties
- liquid–liquid transition
- supercooled liquids and crystal nucleation
- entropy changes
- water
- liquid polymorphism in soft matter
- crystallization of anomalous liquids
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