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Quantum Communication, Quantum Radar, and Quantum Cipher, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Quantum Information".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 2164

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Quantum ICT Research Institute, Tamagawa University, Tokyo 194-8610, Japan
Interests: quantum communication theory; macroscopic quantum cryptography; quantum noise analysis in quantum computer; quantum imaging
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a natural development of quantum information science, research on quantum communication, quantum radar, and quantum cryptography has been actively conducted in the field of physics and various principles have been proposed. However, at present, in the actual application environment, the research to date has not contributed to the realization of systemic devices that surpass conventional functions. Therefore, the research and development of quantum technology from an engineering and technology perspective are necessitated. In the first volume of this Special Issue, we were able to include pioneering papers reflecting research in which quantum effects outperform conventional technologies in real environments. The second volume of this Special Issue provides an opportunity for a discussion that will promote specific research on the aforementioned quantum techniques, which are effective even in poor environments. Through these two volumes, we can expect quantum communication to further expand the possibilities of ultrahigh-speed optical communication, for quantum radar to make all-weather sensors feasible, and for macroscopic quantum cryptography to contribute to enhancing the security of the physical layer of current optical networks. This Special Issue aims to consolidate and publish the latest research trends in order to fulfil the above goals. It will publish invited papers, original papers, short reviews, and proposals for future prospects. 

Prof. Dr. Osamu Hirota
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • quantum stream cipher
  • quantum effect radar and lidar
  • application of two mode squeezed state to radar system in bad weather
  • quantum illumination and quantum reading by macroscopic qubit
  • quantum stream cipher
  • application of entangled coherent state
  • quantum entanglement theory for macroscopic qubit in non-ideal situation
  • holevo capacity and accessible information of optical communication

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 4044 KiB  
Article
Non-Orthogonality of QAM and Sunflower-like Modulated Coherent-State Signals
by Kentaro Kato
Entropy 2025, 27(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27010030 - 1 Jan 2025
Viewed by 811
Abstract
The limitations of cloning and discriminating quantum states are related to the non-orthogonality of the states. Hence, understanding the collective features of quantum states is essential for the future development of quantum communications technology. This paper investigates the non-orthogonality of different coherent-state signal [...] Read more.
The limitations of cloning and discriminating quantum states are related to the non-orthogonality of the states. Hence, understanding the collective features of quantum states is essential for the future development of quantum communications technology. This paper investigates the non-orthogonality of different coherent-state signal constellations used in quantum communications, namely phase-shift keying (PSK), quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM), and a newly defined signal named the sunflower-like (SUN) coherent-state signal. The non-orthogonality index (NOI) and the average probability of correct detection (detection probability) are numerically computed. Results show that PSK NOI increases faster than QAM and SUN as the number of signals increases for a given number of signal photons. QAM and SUN exhibit similar NOI and detection probability, behaving similarly to randomly generated signals for a larger number of signals. Approximation formulas are provided for the detection probability as a function of NOI for each signal type. While similar to QAM, SUN signal offers potential advantages for applications requiring uniform signal-space distribution. The findings provide valuable insights for designing useful quantum signal constellations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Communication, Quantum Radar, and Quantum Cipher, 2nd Edition)
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Review

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29 pages, 2051 KiB  
Review
Quantum Stream Cipher Based on Holevo–Yuen Theory: Part II
by Osamu Hirota and Masaki Sohma
Entropy 2024, 26(11), 983; https://doi.org/10.3390/e26110983 - 15 Nov 2024
Viewed by 718
Abstract
This paper discusses the foundation of security theory for the Quantum stream cipher based on the Holevo–Yuen theory, which allows the use of “optical amplifiers”. This type of cipher is a technology that provides information-theoretic security (ITS) to optical data transmission by randomizing [...] Read more.
This paper discusses the foundation of security theory for the Quantum stream cipher based on the Holevo–Yuen theory, which allows the use of “optical amplifiers”. This type of cipher is a technology that provides information-theoretic security (ITS) to optical data transmission by randomizing ultrafast optical communication signals with quantum noise. In general, the quantitative security of ITS is evaluated in terms of the unicity distance in Shannon theory. However, the quantum version requires modeling beyond the Shannon model of a random cipher to utilize the characteristics of the physical layer. Therefore, as the first step, one has to develop a generalized unicity distance theory and apply it to the evaluation of security. Although a complete theoretical formulation has not yet been established, this paper explains a primitive structure of a generalization of the Shannon random cipher and shows that the realization of this is the generalized quantum stream cipher. In addition, we present several implementation methods of generalized quantum stream ciphers and their security. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Communication, Quantum Radar, and Quantum Cipher, 2nd Edition)
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