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Energies
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Financing Renewable Energy in the Energy Market
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Financing Renewable Energy in the Energy Market

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "C: Energy Economics and Policy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 12395

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Aneta Michalak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Economics and Computer Science, Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: financing and evaluation of investment effectiveness; economics and organization of capital-intensive industries; energy and mining; capital cost models in the energy sector

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Guest Editor is inviting submissions to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of “Financing Renewable Energy in the Energy Market”.

Recently, the demand for energy derived from renewable sources, such as the sun, wind, and water, has been increasing. This is due both to increasing global political and social pressures and to changing environmental and energy regulations. It is impossible to talk about investments in renewable energy sources without presenting appropriate sources of financing. These investments are highly capital-intensive and have a long payback period. Therefore, their appropriate financing may significantly affect their effectiveness and, at the same time, the legitimacy of their implementation.

Investments in renewable energy sources can be financed from various sources. One of the richest and most resourceful are various types of funds from the European Union. In the new financial perspective, a special financial support package for investments in renewable energy sources has been created. Domestic sources supporting investments in renewable energy sources are also of great importance. Public and aid capital is not the only source of financing. In many cases, it is private capital that finances investments in renewable energy sources. Models for financing investments in renewable energy sources can also take hybrid, i.e., public–private, form.

The aim of this Special Issue on “Financing Renewable Energy in the Energy Market” is to analyze the possibilities of financing investments in renewable energy sources, taking into account different financing models, i.e., models based on aid, private, and hybrid capital. It is also important to present the experience gained so far and to conduct a comparative analysis of the use of individual sources of financing investments in renewable energy sources and their costs in selected countries, in the European Union, and in the world. The analysis may also be conducted by type, with a breakdown by the sources of financing investments in:

  • Wind energy;
  • Biogas;
  • Photovoltaics;
  • Biomass;
  • Hydropower;
  • Geothermal;
  • Transmission networks for renewable energy sources;
  • Hybrid solutions.

Each of these areas creates new investment opportunities and financial challenges in the energy market.

Dr. Aneta Michalak
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sources of clean energy financing
  • efficiency of investments in renewable energy sources
  • capital and cost of capital financing green investments
  • public support for investments in renewable energy sources
  • international sources of financing investments in renewable energy sources
  • EU funds in developing the acquisition of green energy
  • green investment system (GIS)

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

36 pages, 9300 KiB  
Article
Process of Transformation to Net Zero Steelmaking: Decarbonisation Scenarios Based on the Analysis of the Polish Steel Industry
by Bożena Gajdzik, Radosław Wolniak and Wies Grebski
Energies 2023, 16(8), 3384; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16083384 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2786
Abstract
The European steel industry is experiencing new challenges related to the market situation and climate policy. Experience from the period of pandemic restrictions and the effects of Russia’s armed invasion of Ukraine has given many countries a basis for including steel along with [...] Read more.
The European steel industry is experiencing new challenges related to the market situation and climate policy. Experience from the period of pandemic restrictions and the effects of Russia’s armed invasion of Ukraine has given many countries a basis for including steel along with raw materials (coke, iron ore, electricity) in economic security products (CRMA). Steel is needed for economic infrastructure and construction development as well as a material for other industries (without steel, factories will not produce cars, machinery, ships, washing machines, etc.). In 2022, steelmakers faced a deepening energy crisis and economic slowdown. The market situation prompted steelmakers to impose restrictions on production volumes (worldwide production fell by 4% compared to the previous year). Despite the difficult economic situation of the steel industry (production in EU countries fell by 11% in 2022 compared to the previous year), the EU is strengthening its industrial decarbonisation policy (“Fit for 55”). The decarbonisation of steel production is set to accelerate by 2050. To sharply reduce carbon emissions, steel mills need new steelmaking technologies. The largest global, steelmakers are already investing in new technologies that will use green hydrogen (produced from renewable energy sources). Reducing iron ore with hydrogen plasma will drastically reduce CO2 emissions (steel production using hydrogen could emit up to 95% less CO2 than the current BF + BOF blast furnace + basic oxygen furnace integrated method). Investments in new technologies must be tailored to the steel industry. A net zero strategy (deep decarbonisation goal) may have different scenarios in different EU countries. The purpose of this paper was to introduce the conditions for investing in low-carbon steelmaking technologies in the Polish steel market and to develop (based on expert opinion) scenarios for the decarbonisation of the Polish steel industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financing Renewable Energy in the Energy Market)
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30 pages, 2134 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Financing Options for Pro-Ecological Projects
by Jolanta Bijańska, Krzysztof Wodarski and Aneta Aleksander
Energies 2022, 15(6), 2143; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062143 - 15 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1817
Abstract
The implementation of pro-ecological projects, including those in the field of renewable energy sources, should bring the desired effects, not only environmental or social, but also economic and financial. Although the latter should not prejudge the implementation of such projects, investors, who are [...] Read more.
The implementation of pro-ecological projects, including those in the field of renewable energy sources, should bring the desired effects, not only environmental or social, but also economic and financial. Although the latter should not prejudge the implementation of such projects, investors, who are primarily enterprises, need information on whether financing the project from specific, available sources is effective and when the incurred financial expenses will pay off. The publication presents a model that reflects the procedure in the analysis of financing opportunities for pro-ecological projects, aimed at maximizing their financial effects, with a consideration of specific risk factors and limitations. The result of the application of this model is information that supports making rational decisions about the implementation of a specific pro-ecological project. The model was positively verified within a case study concerning the purchase and assembly of a photovoltaic installation by a medium-sized company in Poland. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financing Renewable Energy in the Energy Market)
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23 pages, 3169 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Program Subsidizing Prosumer Photovoltaic Sources in Poland
by Iwona Zdonek, Stanisław Tokarski, Anna Mularczyk and Marian Turek
Energies 2022, 15(3), 846; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030846 - 24 Jan 2022
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 2198
Abstract
This article attempts to evaluate the My Electricity program concerning increasing renewable energy production in photovoltaic (PV) prosumer sources (PV micro-installations) in Poland. The assessment is made from the perspective of beneficiaries, business, and local community. One may also find an answer to [...] Read more.
This article attempts to evaluate the My Electricity program concerning increasing renewable energy production in photovoltaic (PV) prosumer sources (PV micro-installations) in Poland. The assessment is made from the perspective of beneficiaries, business, and local community. One may also find an answer to the question of how this program should be modified so that it continues to support the development of PV systems in Poland. Moreover, how Poles assess the PV technology, in terms of the safety of its users and its impact on the environment, is studied. For this purpose, there was exploratory, qualitative, and quantitative research conducted. Twelve case studies were used as well as online questionnaires conducted on prosumers who used the My Electricity program to install PV micro-installations (57 respondents). By means of interviews, there was a confrontation of their point of view with the opinions of seven skeptics of such installations. Moreover, five experts from the energy industry and politicians involved in the transformation of the energy system were interviewed in order to balance the enthusiastic opinions of prosumers and the skeptical views of objectors to home PV systems. The results of our research indicate that the program is rated very well by enthusiasts of PV systems, although they emphasize the high investment costs and the lack of solutions supporting energy storage. Experts point out that the power grid in Poland is not prepared for such an immediate increase in prosumer PV systems, and they suggest more care in solving this problem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financing Renewable Energy in the Energy Market)
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21 pages, 979 KiB  
Article
Recycling of Coal Fly Ash as an Example of an Efficient Circular Economy: A Stakeholder Approach
by Oksana Marinina, Marina Nevskaya, Izabela Jonek-Kowalska, Radosław Wolniak and Mikhail Marinin
Energies 2021, 14(12), 3597; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14123597 - 17 Jun 2021
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 3923
Abstract
The scale of waste formation from coal-fired generation is significant and tends to grow steadily in the context of the global use of coal for power production. This paper covers the problems and current opportunities for recycling coal fly ash waste from coal [...] Read more.
The scale of waste formation from coal-fired generation is significant and tends to grow steadily in the context of the global use of coal for power production. This paper covers the problems and current opportunities for recycling coal fly ash waste from coal generation from the position of a stakeholder approach, namely, identification of the main participants and determination of the effects for economic agents in coal fly ash recycling projects. Based on the method of economic modeling and the empirical assessment of project efficiency, this paper presents alternative patterns of stakeholder interaction in the process of implementing coal fly ash recycling projects, estimates the effects of using coal fly ash, and identifies conflicting interests between stakeholders. It is shown that the reason behind the low interest of the Russian private sector in the processing of coal fly ash is the lack of stimulating market mechanisms for manufacturers and consumers of ash products, the high risks of implementing recycling projects based on clean coal technologies, and low environmental payments for commercial companies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financing Renewable Energy in the Energy Market)
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