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Energies
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Energy and Water, Current and Future Crisis
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Energy and Water, Current and Future Crisis

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2017) | Viewed by 18458

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Talal Yusaf

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pro Vice-Chancellor, International and Partnerships Portfolio, Federation University Australia, Office A101c, Building A, Mt Helen Campus, PO Box 663, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia
Interests: renewable energy; energy generation; conversion and storage; alternative fuels for internal combustion engine; microalgae fuel; mechanical method for water treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jochen Bundschuh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
Interests: hydrogeology; water resources; groundwater for sustainable development; water and wastewater treatment; innovative membrane technologies; sustainable and renewable energy resources; water-energy-food nexus
Dr. Raed Ahmed Al-Juboori

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
Interests: water treatment; environmental sciences; alternative energy resources; membrane sciences; sonochemistry; aquatic organic chemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increasing scarcity of pristine water resources and the speculation regarding the exhaustion of conventional energy sources are two daunting topics when considering the expected increase in the world population. Water and energy are normally discussed separately and from environmental perspective in most cases. Since providing clean water for populations will always be in demand, and with conventional energy sources depleting over time, it is of utmost importance to thoroughly understand the links between water treatment and energy. Water treatment, in some instances, is harnessed for energy production, as is the case with biogas production from wastewater. In some other instances, water treatment can be one of the most energy-intensive processes, as in the case with desalination. This Special Issue is proposed to bring together suggestions and views from researchers in water and energy fields that will help in identifying energy efficient water treatment techniques without compromising the quality of the produced water.

The research themes for this issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Water treatment technologies
  • Harnessing wastewater for bioenergy production
  • Energy analysis for different water treatments
  • Non-conventional water treatment methods
  • Energy efficient treatments
  • Reviews on water quality and available quantities in different areas
  • Climate change and water crisis

Prof. Dr. Talal Yusaf
Prof. Dr. Jochen Bundschuh
Dr. Raed Ahmed Al-Juboori
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water
  • energy
  • non-conventional methods for water treatment
  • climate change
  • water quality
  • bioenergy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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1670 KiB  
Article
Treatment of Slaughterhouse Waste Water Mixed with Serum from Lacteal Industry of Extremadura in Spain to Produce Clean Energy
by A. C. Marcos, A. Al-Kassir, Francisco Cuadros and Talal Yusaf
Energies 2017, 10(6), 765; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10060765 - 31 May 2017
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4552
Abstract
The problem of slaughterhouse waste water can be resolved by mixing it with serum from lacteal industry to produce a biogas. The effect of serum addition on the anaerobic co-digestion of solid and liquid slaughterhouse waste has been studied. The experimental device consisted [...] Read more.
The problem of slaughterhouse waste water can be resolved by mixing it with serum from lacteal industry to produce a biogas. The effect of serum addition on the anaerobic co-digestion of solid and liquid slaughterhouse waste has been studied. The experimental device consisted of a continuous digester by recirculation of biogas produced in the anaerobic digestion. The input effluent was a mixture of slaughterhouse waste from Badajoz city (Spain) and animal serum in a proportion of 20%. The anaerobic digestion was developed in a complete mixing continuous digester with a capacity of 6.2 L at 37 °C and a feed rate of 350 mL/day. From the results obtained for the co-digestion of the feeding effluent of the slaughterhouse waste, without and with serum added, in the same operating conditions, comparative data about the biological depuration and biogas production have been obtained. A 10 L biogas production was obtained with the slaughterhouse waste and 18 L with the slaughterhouse waste with serum added. In conclusion, the highest energetic yield (97.52% higher) was obtained in the second case, due to the positive action of catalytic enzymes present in the animal serum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Water, Current and Future Crisis)
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2678 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Average Annual Consumption of Water in the Hospitals of Extremadura (Spain)
by Justo Garcia-Sanz-Calcedo, Fernando Lopez-Rodriguez, Talal Yusaf and Awf Al-Kassir
Energies 2017, 10(4), 479; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10040479 - 03 Apr 2017
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4928
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to quantity the annual average consumption of water in 13 public hospitals in Extremadura (Spain). An analytical study in order to reduce water demand was conducted from 2010 to 2014 in the above-mentioned hospitals. The study concluded [...] Read more.
The aim of this paper is to quantity the annual average consumption of water in 13 public hospitals in Extremadura (Spain). An analytical study in order to reduce water demand was conducted from 2010 to 2014 in the above-mentioned hospitals. The study concluded that, in order to determine the average annual water consumption, a fixed ratio is not the appropriate tool. A parametric type related to the built surface area and/or number of beds by hospital should be used instead. The average annual consumption of cold water for human consumption (CWHC) was 262.82 m3 (102.10) per bed and 1.65 m3 (0.46) per built surface area. The mean annual consumption of domestic hot water (DHW) was 92.96 m3 (35.72) per bed and 0.59 m3 (0.18) per built surface area. The ratio between DHW and CWHC was 35.62% (5.53). The time period of greatest demand was between 12 p.m. and 6 p.m. Considering B as the number of hospital beds and S its built surface area, to calculate the average annual cold water for human consumption in a hospital, the equation 165B + 12,100 (m3) or 1.568S + 2400 (m3) should be used. Similarly, in terms of hot domestic water, the average annual consumption in m3 corresponds to either 53.65B + 5170 (m3) or 0.53S + 1400 (m3). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Water, Current and Future Crisis)
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Review

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2310 KiB  
Review
A Critical Review on Processes and Energy Profile of the Australian Meat Processing Industry
by Ihsan Hamawand, Anas Ghadouani, Jochen Bundschuh, Sara Hamawand, Raed A. Al Juboori, Sayan Chakrabarty and Talal Yusaf
Energies 2017, 10(5), 731; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10050731 - 20 May 2017
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 8333
Abstract
This review article addresses wastewater treatment methods in the red meat processing industry. The focus is on conventional chemicals currently in use for abattoir wastewater treatment and energy related aspects. In addition, this article discusses the use of cleaning and sanitizing agents at [...] Read more.
This review article addresses wastewater treatment methods in the red meat processing industry. The focus is on conventional chemicals currently in use for abattoir wastewater treatment and energy related aspects. In addition, this article discusses the use of cleaning and sanitizing agents at the meat processing facilities and their effect on decision making in regard to selecting the treatment methods. This study shows that cleaning chemicals are currently used at a concentration of 2% to 3% which will further be diluted with the bulk wastewater. For example, for an abattoir that produces 3500 m3/day wastewater and uses around 200 L (3%) acid and alkaline chemicals, the final concentration of these chemical will be around 0.00017%. For this reason, the effects of these chemicals on the treatment method and the environment are very limited. Chemical treatment is highly efficient in removing soluble and colloidal particles from the red meat processing industry wastewater. Actually, it is shown that, if chemical treatment has been applied, then biological treatment can only be included for the treatment of the solid waste by-product and/or for production of bioenergy. Chemical treatment is recommended in all cases and especially when the wastewater is required to be reused or released to water streams. This study also shows that energy consumption for chemical treatment units is insignificant while efficient compared to other physical or biological units. A combination of a main (ferric chloride) and an aid coagulant has shown to be efficient and cost-effective in treating abattoir wastewater. The cost of using this combination per cubic meter wastewater treated is 0.055 USD/m3 compared to 0.11 USD/m3 for alum and the amount of sludge produced is 77% less than that produced by alum. In addition, the residues of these chemicals in the wastewater and the sludge have a positive or no impact on biological processes. Energy consumption from a small wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) installed to recycle wastewater for a meet facility can be around $500,000. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Water, Current and Future Crisis)
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