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Cyber Security in Smart Grids

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 8447

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Escuela de Ingenieria de Bilbao, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo, 148013 Bilbao, Spain
Interests: smart grid; Industry 4.0; industrial ethernet; high-reliability networks; low-latency ethernet

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Guest Editor is inviting submissions to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of "Cyber Security in Smart Grids". The presence of smart grids has increased rapidly in recent years. Smart grid cybersecurity must address both inadvertent compromises of the electric infrastructure, due to user errors, equipment failures, and natural disasters, and deliberate attacks.

This Special Issue will deal with the cyber security aspect of smart grids. Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

  • Secure protocols;
  • Cryptographic schemes for the smart grid;
  • Hardware accelerators for security;
  • Secure network infrastructure;
  • Network security threats in the smart grid;
  • Network countermeasures for the smart grid;
  • Secure software structure;
  • Reliable equipment;
  • Trustworthy interfaces;
  • Redundant links.

Dr. Jesús Lázaro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Secure protocols
  • Secure software
  • Crypography
  • Hardware accelerator
  • Threat assesment
  • Attack countermeasures
  • Reliable equipment
  • Trustworthy interfaces
  • Redundant links

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1431 KiB  
Article
Evaluating Latency in Multiprocessing Embedded Systems for the Smart Grid
by Sara Alonso, Jesús Lázaro, Jaime Jiménez, Unai Bidarte and Leire Muguira
Energies 2021, 14(11), 3322; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14113322 - 05 Jun 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3069
Abstract
Smart grid endpoints need to use two environments within a processing system (PS), one with a Linux-type operating system (OS) using the Arm Cortex-A53 cores for management tasks, and the other with a standalone execution or a real-time OS using the Arm Cortex-R5 [...] Read more.
Smart grid endpoints need to use two environments within a processing system (PS), one with a Linux-type operating system (OS) using the Arm Cortex-A53 cores for management tasks, and the other with a standalone execution or a real-time OS using the Arm Cortex-R5 cores. The Xen hypervisor and the OpenAMP framework allow this, but they may introduce a delay in the system, and some messages in the smart grid need a latency lower than 3 ms. In this paper, the Linux thread latencies are characterized by the Cyclictest tool. It is shown that when Xen hypervisor is used, this scenario is not suitable for the smart grid as it does not meet the 3 ms timing constraint. Then, standalone execution as the real-time part is evaluated, measuring the delay to handle an interrupt created in programmable logic (PL). The standalone application was run in A53 and R5 cores, with Xen hypervisor and OpenAMP framework. These scenarios all met the 3 ms constraint. The main contribution of the present work is the detailed characterization of each real-time execution, in order to facilitate selecting the most suitable one for each application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyber Security in Smart Grids)
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Review

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37 pages, 5114 KiB  
Review
Intelligent Buildings in Smart Grids: A Survey on Security and Privacy Issues Related to Energy Management
by Alvaro Llaria, Jessye Dos Santos, Guillaume Terrasson, Zina Boussaada, Christophe Merlo and Octavian Curea
Energies 2021, 14(9), 2733; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092733 - 10 May 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4542
Abstract
During the last decade, the smart grid (SG) concept has started to become a reality, mainly thanks to the technical progress achieved in telecommunications, informatics and power electronics, among other domains, leading to an evolution of the traditional electrical grid into an intelligent [...] Read more.
During the last decade, the smart grid (SG) concept has started to become a reality, mainly thanks to the technical progress achieved in telecommunications, informatics and power electronics, among other domains, leading to an evolution of the traditional electrical grid into an intelligent one. Nowadays, the SG can be seen as a system of smart systems that include cyber and physical parts from different technologies that interact with each other. In this context, intelligent buildings (IBs) constitute a paradigm in which such smart systems are able to guarantee the comfort of residents while ensuring an appropriate tradeoff of energy production and consumption by means of an energy management system (EMS). These interconnected EMSs remain the objective of potential cyber-attacks, which is a major concern. Therefore, this paper conducts a survey, from a multidisciplinary point of view, of some of the main security and privacy issues related to IBs as part of the SG, including an overview of EMS, smart meters, and the main communication networks employed to connect IBs to the overall SG. Future research directions towards a security enhancement from both technical and human perspectives are also provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyber Security in Smart Grids)
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