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Intelligent Decentralized Energy Management in Microgrids

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2021) | Viewed by 30257

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Anastasios Dounis

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Engineering, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
Interests: computational intelligence and evolutionary computation; fuzzy systems; fuzzy control and modelling; fuzzy cognitive maps and petri nets in decision support systems; intelligent control; time series prediction; automation systems in renewable energy resources; intelligent energy management systems and smart buildings; design and management of autonomous smart micro grids; power electronics in photovoltaic systems; control electrochromic devices; modelling and control of reverse osmosis desalination
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Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Future energy microgrids will be characterized by an increasing decentralization of generation and storage. Energy management is an essential factor in the operation of a decentralized energy system. An Energy Management System (EMS) is responsible for optimizing the balance of supply and demand in the microgrid. Recent advances in Computational Intelligent (CI) techniques have become the center of attention in the research topic of Distributed Energy Management (DEM). EMSs have been developed based on CI to ensure that the energy generation patterns of distributed renewable resources match the energy consumption patterns. The main advantages of a DEM approach are the increased reliability of the microgrid, modularity, and scalability. There has been significant research progress in CI-DEM software/hardware techniques.

This Special Issue (SI) focuses on the emerging synergy between CI and DEM in microgrids. The SI seeks to contribute to intelligent DEM to improve the energy efficiency of microgrids in order to satisfy technical, socio-economic, and environmental goals. We invite papers on innovative technical developments, reviews, case studies, and papers from different scientific disciplines relevant to intelligent DEM in microgrids.

Prof. Dr. Anastasios Dounis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

buildings and microgrids
transactive energy management system
neural networks
evolutionary computation
fuzzy logic systems
fuzzy cognitive maps
machine learning algorithms
multi-agent systems
reinforcement learning
distributed intelligence
autonomous polygeneration microgrids
game theory
distributed optimization
embedded system for energy management demand
fault detection and diagnosis in energy management systems
decentrilized microgrid control and management

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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28 pages, 6356 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Two-Layer Interactive Mechanism for Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading Among Virtual Power Plants

by Xiaoyu Lyu, Zhiyu Xu, Ning Wang, Min Fu and Weisheng Xu

Energies 2019, 12(19), 3628; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12193628 - 23 Sep 2019

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2972

Abstract

This paper addresses decentralized energy trading among virtual power plants (VPPs) and proposes a peer-to-peer (P2P) mechanism, including two interactive layers: on the bottom layer, each VPP schedules/reschedules its internal distributed energy resources (DERs); and on the top layer, VPPs negotiate with each other on the trade price and quantity. The bottom-layer scheduling provides initial conditions for the top-layer negotiation, and the feedback of top-layer negotiation affects the bottom-layer rescheduling. The local scheduling/rescheduling of a VPP is formulated as a stochastic optimization problem, which takes into account the uncertainties of wind and photovoltaic power by using the scenarios-based method. In order to describe the capability of a seller VPP to generate more energy than the scheduled result, the concept of power generation potential is introduced and then considered during order initialization. The multidimensional willingness bidding strategy (MWBS) is modified and applied to the price bidding process of P2P negotiation. A 14-VPP case is studied by performing numerous computational experiments. The optimal scheduling model is effective and flexible to deal with VPPs with various configurations of DERs. The parallel price bidding with MWBS is adaptive to market situations and efficient due to its rapid convergence. It is revealed that VPPs can obtain higher profit by participating in P2P energy trading than from traditional centralized trading, and the proposed mechanism of two-layer “interactivity” can further increase VPPs’ benefits compared to its “forward” counterpart. The impacts of VPP configuration and VPP number are also studied. It is demonstrated that the proposed mechanism is applicable to most cases where VPPs manage some controllable DERs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Decentralized Energy Management in Microgrids )

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23 pages, 3297 KiB

Open AccessArticle

SmartLVGrid Platform—Convergence of Legacy Low-Voltage Circuits toward the Smart Grid Paradigm

by R. Claudio S. Gomes, Carlos Costa, Jr., Jose Silva and Jose Sicchar

Energies 2019, 12(13), 2590; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12132590 - 5 Jul 2019

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3124

Abstract

The current electrical system is transitioning towards a new technological model called the smart grid. The transition duration between the traditional Electric Power System (EPS) and the full smart grid depends on well-designed strategic plans, implementing transition models that are as close to smart grids as possible, based on the processes and technological resources available at the time, but always considering their economic feasibility, without which no solution thrives. In this article, we present a method for convergence of the traditional power distribution grid to the smart grid paradigm by retrofitting the legacy circuits that compose this grid. Our results indicate that the application of such a method, through a distributed system platform with integrated technological resources added to the legacy infrastructure, converts these passive grids into intelligent circuits capable of supporting the implementation of a smart grid with a broad scope of functionalities. Based on a novel retrofitting strategy, the solution is free from the cost of replacing or significantly modifying the legacy infrastructure, as verified in deploying other currently available solutions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Decentralized Energy Management in Microgrids )

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16 pages, 1346 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Trusted Transactions in Micro-Grid Based on Blockchain

by Yunjun Yu, Yanghui Guo, Weidong Min and Fanpeng Zeng

Energies 2019, 12(10), 1952; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12101952 - 22 May 2019

Cited by 36 | Viewed by 3864

Abstract

In order to build a local electricity market (LEM), community members can trade electricity peer-to-peer (P2P) with their neighbors. This paper proposes a Hierarchical Bidding and Transaction Structure based on blockchain (HBTS). First, combined with the multi-agents, each microgrid corrects the estimated cost probability distribution of other microgrids by Bayesian theorem, making its probability closer to the accurate probability. Second, for maximize the benefits of the microgrid, this paper uses the Nash equilibrium in the Cournot model to find the optimal quotation and output of different bidding strategies for the microgrid under different power demand conditions. Then the exchange of electricity translates into an exchange of digital proof of electricity purchases and sales of electricity on the Hyperledger Fabric, ensuring the security of the transaction process and the irreparable modification of ledgers. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of the bidding strategy through experiments, and analyze the transaction process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Decentralized Energy Management in Microgrids )

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19 pages, 6811 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Microgrid Group Trading Model and Solving Algorithm Based on Blockchain

by Zixiao Xu, Dechang Yang and Weilin Li

Energies 2019, 12(7), 1292; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071292 - 4 Apr 2019

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3579

Abstract

With the development of the energy Internet and the integration of multi-type energy situations, it is of great significance to study the competition game of a multi-agent microgrid group system for its development. As an emerging distributed database technology, blockchain technology has great application potential in the field of energy trading. Firstly, blockchain technology is coupled with the microgrid group transaction, and the information flow transaction model of a microgrid group based on blockchain technology is established. Aiming at this complex multi-objective optimization problem, an improved ant colony optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the model. Finally, the competitive trading model and solving algorithm are simulated and analyzed. The relevant results show that the near global optimum price strategy of each time based on the proposed model can effectively balance the efficiency of each subject in the market. In addition, the model ensures that there is no high-income and low-cost phenomenon in the trading process, therefore the security and quality of the market are guaranteed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Decentralized Energy Management in Microgrids )

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16 pages, 1937 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Distributed State Estimation of Multi-region Power System based on Consensus Theory

by Shiwei Xia, Qian Zhang, Jiangping Jing, Zhaohao Ding, Jing Yu, Bing Chen and Haiwei Wu

Energies 2019, 12(5), 900; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12050900 - 8 Mar 2019

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3292

Abstract

Effective state estimation is critical to the security operation of power systems. With the rapid expansion of interconnected power grids, there are limitations of conventional centralized state estimation methods in terms of heavy and unbalanced communication and computation burdens for the control center. To address these limitations, this paper presents a multi-area state estimation model and afterwards proposes a consensus theory based distributed state estimation solution method. Firstly, considering the nonlinearity of state estimation, the original power system is divided into several non-overlapped subsystems. Correspondingly, the Lagrange multiplier method is adopted to decouple the state estimation equations into a multi-area state estimation model. Secondly, a fully distributed state estimation method based on the consensus algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model. The solution method does not need a centralized coordination system operator, but only requires a simple communication network for exchanging the limited data of boundary state variables and consensus variables among adjacent regions, thus it is quite flexible in terms of communication and computation for state estimation. In the end, the proposed method is tested by the IEEE 14-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system, and the simulation results verify that the proposed multi-area state estimation model and the distributed solution method are effective for the state estimation of multi-area interconnected power systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Decentralized Energy Management in Microgrids )

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14 pages, 2039 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dynamic Economic Dispatch Model of Microgrid Containing Energy Storage Components Based on a Variant of NSGA-II Algorithm

by Fei Zhao, Jinsha Yuan and Ning Wang

Energies 2019, 12(5), 871; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12050871 - 6 Mar 2019

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3320

Abstract

With the development of microgrid, in order to improve the economy of the microgrid and intelligent service of electric power marketing, the proper management of the output of micro-source in microgrid and power exchange between grids is an urgent problem to be solved. Considering the interests of multiple stakeholders, such as users, power grids, renewable energy and battery, a dynamic economic dispatch model of microgrid is proposed in this paper based on time-of-use power price mechanism. Using a variant of Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA)-II algorithm, at the same time, an external penalty function is introduced to deal with the constraint conditions, which is convenient for solving multi-objective optimization models. Based on the data of load forecasting and renewable energy output in microgrid, the function of battery and time-of-use power price mechanism is considered to optimize the output of controllable micro-source in the system, in order to achieve the optimization of microgrid dispatch. The model established in this paper considers the overall economic optimization of multi-objective and multi-interest groups within the microgrid, and hence, can get a more comprehensive and reasonable scheduling scheme. It provides effective help for the operation of micro grid system, and realizes the electric power marketing for demand side, so as to provide help for improving the power marketing’s economy and intelligent service. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Decentralized Energy Management in Microgrids )

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Other

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23 pages, 2440 KiB

Open AccessPerspective

Transactive Energy Market for Energy Management in Microgrids: The Monash Microgrid Case Study

by Mohsen Khorasany, Donald Azuatalam, Robert Glasgow, Ariel Liebman and Reza Razzaghi

Energies 2020, 13(8), 2010; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13082010 - 17 Apr 2020

Cited by 56 | Viewed by 9156

Abstract

Transactive energy is a novel approach for energy management and trading, which can be used in microgrids to facilitate the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in existing networks. The key feature in transactive energy is using market-based solutions for energy management. Hence, an appropriate transactive energy market (TEM) framework should be designed to enable and incentivize DER owners to participate in different markets. The efficient implementation of TEM for microgrid energy management encompasses the application of a variety of design principles. In this rapidly developing area, this paper presents a complete proposal of the TEM as a framework for the design, implementation, and deployment of transactive energy solutions for energy management in microgrids. In particular, we outline the requirements to design an effective market mechanism for the TEM. The applicability of this perspective is demonstrated through the introduction of the Monash Microgrid as a real-world implementation of a TEM solution, where a complete hardware and software foundation is presented as a platform to deploy a market-based solution for microgrid energy management. This is further illustrated through an example scenario, where the application of TEM is discussed to demonstrate the impact of considered design choices on achieving desired objectives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Decentralized Energy Management in Microgrids )

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