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Heat and Mass Transfer: Theory, Methods, and Applications

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J1: Heat and Mass Transfer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 1296

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heat and mass transfer plays a crucial role in a wide range of natural and engineering systems, from energy conversion and materials processing to environmental and biological applications. Understanding the underlying physics and developing advanced methods for modeling, simulation, and experimentation are essential for optimizing industrial processes and enhancing technological innovations.

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for researchers to present recent advances in heat and mass transfer, focusing on both fundamental theoretical developments and novel applications. We welcome contributions that explore analytical, numerical, and experimental approaches to the study of transport phenomena in complex systems. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Fundamental Theories: New insights into conduction, convection, radiation, phase change, and multispecies diffusion in single- and multiphase flows.
  • Computational and Experimental Methods: Advances in numerical modeling techniques, including computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), machine learning-based predictions, and experimental validation methods.
  • Multiscale and Multiphysics Problems: Investigations into coupled transport processes in micro- and nanoscale systems, porous media, and multiphysics interactions such as thermal–electrical or thermal–chemical coupling.
  • Industrial and Environmental Applications: Innovations in energy systems, heat exchangers, combustion, additive manufacturing, thermal management in electronics, biomedical heat transfer, and climate-related transport phenomena.
  • Non-Newtonian and Complex Fluids: Studies on viscoplastic, shear-thinning, and multiphase fluids in heat and mass transfer applications, including their role in geophysical and industrial processes.

By bringing together contributions from different domains, this Special Issue will advance the current understanding of heat and mass transfer while fostering interdisciplinary collaborations. We invite original research articles, reviews, and case studies that contribute to the development of theory, methods, and practical applications in this field.

Dr. Gholamreza Kefayati
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heat and mass transfer
  • computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
  • multiphase and non-Newtonian flows
  • energy and thermal management

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 6176 KiB  
Article
Study of Ignition Process in an Aero Engine Combustor Based on Droplet Evaporation Characteristics Analyses
by Lei Sun, Rui Feng, Fangliang Wang and Xiwei Wang
Energies 2025, 18(12), 3130; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123130 - 14 Jun 2025
Viewed by 337
Abstract
To study the coupling mechanism between droplet evaporation characteristics and flame propagation, in this paper, the ignition process in a single dome lean direct injection combustor is simulated by the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method. A new concept, i.e., available droplet, and a [...] Read more.
To study the coupling mechanism between droplet evaporation characteristics and flame propagation, in this paper, the ignition process in a single dome lean direct injection combustor is simulated by the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method. A new concept, i.e., available droplet, and a new parameter, i.e., available equivalence ratio, are innovatively introduced to accurately quantify fuel–air mixing characteristics and reveal flame propagation mechanisms. Simulation results show that the temporal variations in the locally available equivalence ratio during the ignition process can serve as a reliable indicator to identify the flame propagation direction. Moreover, the results show that during the ignition process, available droplets are mainly distributed in the regions where temperatures range from 650 K to 1200 K. The number percentage of available droplets in the combustor increases approximately exponentially to about 2.5% after 40 ms from the ignition. Additionally, the temperature fields and distributions of the available equivalence ratio at different moments during the ignition are also computed and analyzed. The results show that the volume percentage of flammable regions gradually increases from the ignition and eventually stabilizes at about 10% after 8 ms from the ignition. This result shows that during the ignition, the increase in regions whose available equivalence ratios fit flammability is a critical factor for ensuring stable flame development. The available droplet and available equivalence ratio can bridge the gap between droplet-scale evaporation and combustor-scale ignition dynamics, offering an analytical tool for optimizing ignition criteria in aero engine combustors. By analyzing the distributions and evolutions of available fuel rather than fuel vapor, this work can be utilized in design strategies for reliable ignition in extreme conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat and Mass Transfer: Theory, Methods, and Applications)
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Review

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64 pages, 3370 KiB  
Review
Review of Film Cooling Techniques for Aerospace Vehicles
by Edidiong Michael Umana and Xiufeng Yang
Energies 2025, 18(12), 3058; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123058 - 10 Jun 2025
Viewed by 794
Abstract
Film cooling, a vital method for controlling surface temperatures in components subjected to intense heat, strives to enhance efficiency through innovative technological advancements. Over the last several decades, considerable advancements have been made in film cooling technologies for applications such as liquid rocket [...] Read more.
Film cooling, a vital method for controlling surface temperatures in components subjected to intense heat, strives to enhance efficiency through innovative technological advancements. Over the last several decades, considerable advancements have been made in film cooling technologies for applications such as liquid rocket engines, combustion chambers, nozzle sections, gas turbine components, and hypersonic vehicles, all of which operate under extreme temperatures. This review presents an in-depth investigation of film cooling, its applications, and its key mechanisms and performance characteristics. The review also explores design optimization for combustion chamber components and examines the role of gaseous film cooling in nozzle systems, supported by experimental and numerical validation. Gas turbine cooling relies on integrated methods, including internal and external cooling, material selection, and coolant treatment to prevent overheating. Notably, the cross-flow jet in blade cooling improves heat transfer and reduces thermal fatigue. Film cooling is an indispensable technique for addressing the challenges of high-speed and hypersonic flight, aided by cutting-edge injection methods and advanced transpiration coolants. Special attention is given to factors influencing film cooling performance, as well as state-of-the-art developments in the field. The challenges related to film cooling are reviewed and presented, along with the difficulties in resolving them. Suggestions for addressing these problems in future research are also provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat and Mass Transfer: Theory, Methods, and Applications)
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