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Advances in Optimized Energy Harvesting Systems and Technology

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 February 2026 | Viewed by 242

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
Interests: energy; energy harvesting; thermoelectric power generation, cooling and heating; power electronics; renewable and sustainable energy; hydrogen generation; energy storage

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As countries around the world focus on achieving Net Zero, new opportunities emerge to implement energy harvesting technologies, systems, and techniques using a variety of different ambient energy sources operating in a single or hybrid design, and this will act as a stimulus to widen the scope of current applications. Energy harvesting has achieved success in replacing, or supplementing, batteries in low-power electronic systems, and the rapid growth of the Internet of Things, wireless sensor networks, and Industry 4.0 applications is seen as an area of change pertaining to energy harvesting development and implementation. In addition, strategies to achieve Net Zero will create new developments in energy harvesting within sustainable buildings, infrastructure and smart cities, zero-emission transportation, and the hydrogen economy, amongst others.

This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the most recent advances related to the theory, design, modelling, and application of all types of energy harvesting systems and technologies. Review articles summarizing the current status or state of the art of a particular topic in the field of energy harvesting are also welcome.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • All forms of energy harvesting from ambient energy sources, including, but not limited to, optical (light), thermal, kinetic or motion and vibration, magnetic, radio frequency (RF), and biomedical;
  • All forms of energy harvesting technologies, including, but not limited to, photovoltaic, thermoelectric, piezoelectric, electromagnetic, radio frequency (RF), capacitive, electrostatic, pyroelectric, and triboelectric;
  • Both single or hybrid designs;
  • Power electronics and energy storage in energy harvesting systems;
  • Energy harvesting in Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0;
  • Energy harvesting to achieve Net Zero;
  • Sensors powered by energy harvesting;
  • New materials, material advancements, and advanced manufacturing techniques;
  • Device design;
  • Analytical, modelling, and simulation techniques;
  • Emerging energy harvesting technologies, state of the art, and future developments;
  • Novel applications, commercialisation, and industry application.

Dr. Chris Gould
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy harvesting
  • ambient energy
  • low-power generation
  • power electronics
  • energy storage

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 2048 KB  
Article
Scalable Hybrid Arrays Overcome Electrode Scaling Limitations in Micro-Photosynthetic Power Cells
by Kirankumar Kuruvinashetti and Muthukumaran Packirisamy
Energies 2025, 18(21), 5644; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215644 - 28 Oct 2025
Abstract
Micro-photosynthetic power cells (μPSCs), also known as biophotovoltaics (BPVs), represent sustainable and self-regenerating solutions for harvesting electricity from photosynthetic microorganisms. However, their practical deployment has been constrained by low voltage, low current output, and scaling inefficiencies. In this work, we address these limitations [...] Read more.
Micro-photosynthetic power cells (μPSCs), also known as biophotovoltaics (BPVs), represent sustainable and self-regenerating solutions for harvesting electricity from photosynthetic microorganisms. However, their practical deployment has been constrained by low voltage, low current output, and scaling inefficiencies. In this work, we address these limitations through a dual-optimization strategy: (i) systematic quantification of how electrode surface area influences key performance metrics, and (ii) based on our previous work we highlighted the novel hybrid modular array architectures that combine series and parallel connections of μPSCs. Three single μPSCs with electrode areas of 4.84, 19.36, and 100 cm2 were fabricated and compared, revealing that while open-circuit voltage remains largely area-independent (850–910 mV), both short-circuit current and maximum power scale with electrode size. Building on these insights, two hybrid array configurations fabricated from six 4.84 cm2 μPSCs achieved power outputs of 869.2 μW and 926.4 μW, equivalent to ~82–87% of the output of a large 100 cm2 device, while requiring only ~29% electrode area and ~70% less reagent volume. Importantly, these arrays delivered voltages up to 2.4 V, significantly higher than a single large device, enabling easier integration with IoT platforms and ultra-low-power electronics. A meta-analysis of over 40 reported BPV/μPSC systems with different electrode surface areas further validated our findings, showing a consistent inverse relationship between electrode area and power density. Collectively, this study introduces a scalable, resource-efficient strategy for enhancing μPSC performance, providing a novel design paradigm that advances the state of the art in sustainable bioenergy and opens pathways for practical deployment in distributed, low-power and IoT applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optimized Energy Harvesting Systems and Technology)
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