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The Use of Renewable Energy in the Protection and Restoration of Surface Waters and Wetlands

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 12 July 2025 | Viewed by 2734

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Andrzej Osuch

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Biosystems Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Interests: biosystems engineering
Dr. Ewa Osuch

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Biosystems Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Interests: lakes; eutrophication; freshwater ecology; environment; water quality monitoring; ecosystem ecology; limnoecology; ecological monitoring; water quality analysis
Prof. Dr. Anna Kozak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Water Protection Department, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
Interests: aquatic ecosystems; esp. phytoplankton of eutrophic and hypertrophic lakes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A significant proportion of surface water has reached a high degree of eutrophication. Implementing protective treatments often becomes insufficient. It is necessary to implement methods of restoration of surface waters, especially lakes. This usually involves the need to engage substantial financial resources, often exceeding the capabilities of the owner or manager of the water reservoir. Increasingly, scientists are coming to the conclusion that water restoration should be carried out in a sustainable manner using only pro-ecological methods that are safe for aquatic ecosystems. The global energy crisis has triggered the search for new, low-energy technologies. The use of renewable energy in the protection and restoration of surface waters and wetlands is becoming a growing trend, but above all, a necessity. The aim of this Special Issue is to systematize the latest knowledge regarding the use of renewable energy in processes related to water protection and restoration. Manuscripts presenting specific technologies, machines or devices using renewable energy are welcome. The latest research results showing the use of renewable energy in the protection and restoration of surface waters and wetlands will also be published.

Areas of interest include:

  • Solar energy in the process of protection and restoration of surface waters and wetlands.
  • Wind energy in the process of protection and restoration of surface waters and wetlands.
  • The energy of flowing water in the process of water protection and restoration.
  • The impact of solar energy on the biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems.
  • The use of renewable energy in the process of artificial aeration of surface waters.
  • The use of natural biological processes (in the context of renewable energy) in the restoration of surface waters and wetlands.
  • Economic aspects of the use of renewable energy in the restoration of surface waters and wetlands.
  • Ecological aspects of the use of renewable energy in the restoration of surface waters and wetlands.

Dr. Andrzej Osuch
Dr. Ewa Osuch
Prof. Dr. Anna Kozak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • renewable energy
  • water restoration
  • solar energy
  • wind energy
  • flowing water energy
  • water protection
  • weatlands restoration
  • weatlands protection

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1677 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Energy Footprint of Desalination Technologies and Minimal/Zero Liquid Discharge (MLD/ZLD) Systems for Sustainable Water Protection via Renewable Energy Integration
by Argyris Panagopoulos
Energies 2025, 18(4), 962; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040962 - 17 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 852
Abstract
Water scarcity necessitates desalination technologies, yet their high energy demands and brine disposal challenges hinder sustainability. This research study evaluates the energy footprint and carbon emissions of thermal- and membrane-based desalination technologies, alongside Minimal/Zero Liquid Discharge (MLD/ZLD) frameworks, with a focus on renewable [...] Read more.
Water scarcity necessitates desalination technologies, yet their high energy demands and brine disposal challenges hinder sustainability. This research study evaluates the energy footprint and carbon emissions of thermal- and membrane-based desalination technologies, alongside Minimal/Zero Liquid Discharge (MLD/ZLD) frameworks, with a focus on renewable energy source (RES) integration. Data revealed stark contrasts: thermal-based technologies like osmotic evaporation (OE) and brine crystallizers (BCr) exhibit energy intensities of 80–100 kWh/m3 and 52–70 kWh/m3, respectively, with coal-powered carbon footprints reaching 72–100 kg CO2/m3. Membrane-based technologies, such as reverse osmosis (RO) (2–6 kWh/m3) and forward osmosis (FO) (0.8–13 kWh/m3), demonstrate lower emissions (1.8–11.7 kg CO2/m3 under coal). Transitioning to RES reduces emissions by 90–95%, exemplified by renewable energy-powered RO (0.1–0.3 kg CO2/m3). However, scalability barriers persist, including high capital costs, RES intermittency, and technological immaturity in emerging systems like osmotically assisted RO (OARO) and membrane distillation (MD). This research highlights RES-driven MLD/ZLD systems as pivotal for aligning desalination with global climate targets, urging innovations in energy storage, material robustness, and circular economy models to secure water resource resilience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Use of Renewable Energy in the Protection and Restoration of Surface Waters and Wetlands)
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17 pages, 4129 KiB  
Article
Multi-Criteria Analysis for Integrating Renewable Energy Solutions in the Restoration of Surface Waters—Selected Lakes Case Study
by Joanna Boguniewicz-Zabłocka and Ewelina Łukasiewicz
Energies 2025, 18(4), 816; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040816 - 10 Feb 2025
Viewed by 594
Abstract
The protection and reclamation of surface waters, particularly lakes, necessitates the implementation of novel approaches that effectively integrate natural biological processes with sophisticated technological solutions. This paper examines the potential of bioremediation techniques utilising artificial aeration systems, with renewable energy sources serving as [...] Read more.
The protection and reclamation of surface waters, particularly lakes, necessitates the implementation of novel approaches that effectively integrate natural biological processes with sophisticated technological solutions. This paper examines the potential of bioremediation techniques utilising artificial aeration systems, with renewable energy sources serving as a viable power source. The objective of the analysis is to enhance the sustainability of the remediation of aquatic ecosystems. A multi-criteria analysis (MCA) was employed to evaluate the performance and environmental impact of the selected methods. Based on the results of the MCA, the SHPP (small hydro power plant) technology achieved the highest score for both lakes, 0.85 and 0.78, respectively, making it the optimal technology. In comparison, wind energy scored around 0.5 and photovoltaic (PV) around 0.6, showing a poorer fit with local conditions. By integrating reclamation with renewable energy applications, this research presents a strategy for developing more resilient and environmentally sound water management strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Use of Renewable Energy in the Protection and Restoration of Surface Waters and Wetlands)
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12 pages, 680 KiB  
Article
Performance Analysis of a Solar-Powered Pulverizing Aerator
by Andrzej Osuch, Ewa Osuch and Piotr Rybacki
Energies 2024, 17(24), 6321; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246321 - 15 Dec 2024
Viewed by 790
Abstract
The global energy crisis is associated with the need to search for low-energy technical solutions. Such solutions are also introduced in the field of protection and restoration of surface waters. The aim of this work was to determine the efficiency of the AS15000 [...] Read more.
The global energy crisis is associated with the need to search for low-energy technical solutions. Such solutions are also introduced in the field of protection and restoration of surface waters. The aim of this work was to determine the efficiency of the AS15000 pulverizing aerator powered by solar energy. The innovative solutions of the aerator presented in this manuscript are subject to a patent application. A simulation was carried out taking into account the efficiency of the aerator pump and the sunlight conditions for the indicated location. The analysis was carried out for the location of an artificial reservoir—Zalew Średzki in Środa Wielkopolska (Poland). The simulation showed that during 6515 h of aerator operation, the pulverizing system pumped as much as 97,725 m3 of lake water. The amount of pure oxygen introduced into the water during the operation of the device can be as much as 1074.98 kg. The minimum daily value of sunlight enabling continuous operation of the device (24 h a day) with maximum efficiency is 1.43 kW/m2. Deoxygenated water in the pulverizing aeration process is taken from the bottom zone, transported to the surface and sprayed in the atmospheric air. Oxygenated water is intercepted and discharged to the bottom zone. Developing artificial aeration methods for lakes in combination with renewable energy sources is very important for improving water quality. The use of solar power allows the device to be used when it is far from the power infrastructure. This also allows the installation of aerators in the middle of the lake. In accordance with the Water Framework Directive, we should strive to improve the water quality of many European lakes as quickly as possible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Use of Renewable Energy in the Protection and Restoration of Surface Waters and Wetlands)
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