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Energies
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Advances of Low Carbon Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Vehicles
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Advances of Low Carbon Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Vehicles

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J: Thermal Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 October 2023) | Viewed by 4532

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Changzhao Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
Interests: hydrogen internal combustion engines; alternative fuels research for vehicle propulsion and power generation; advanced laser diagnostic technologies used in fluid dynamics; electrification of vehicle
Dr. Xiao Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Automotive Engineering Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: internal combustion engine; optical diagnostics; alternative fuels; spray and combustion; new combustion technologies
Dr. Yanfei Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Automotive Engineering Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: gasoline engines; two-phase flow; HEV; emissions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Concerns around climate change have led to promises from various countries around the globe to reach to ‘net zero’ CO2 emissions in the next few decades. A large number of new trends have emerged in the area of low carbon energy production and utilization. More and more solar power plants, wind power plants, electric charging ports, and electric vehicles can be observed around us. However, due to the low energy density and long charging time of batteries, battery electric vehicles are limited in range and type of use. The use of low-carbon or zero-carbon internal combustion engines is necessary and will exist for many decades.

As automotive engineers, to reduce CO2 emissions from the transport sector, it is our responsibility to shift the current internal combustion engines to high-efficiency and low-carbon powertrain systems. Therefore, we would like to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue on ‘Advances in Low-Carbon Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Vehicles’.

Dr. Changzhao Jiang
Dr. Xiao Ma
Dr. Yanfei Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • low-carbon ICE
  • hydrogen ICE
  • ammonia ICE
  • low emission technologies
  • hybrid technologies
  • gas fuel injector spray
  • decarbonized lubricant

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 10695 KiB  
Article
Experimental Investigation of High-Pressure Liquid Ammonia Injection under Non-Flash Boiling and Flash Boiling Conditions
by Yuwen Fang, Xiao Ma, Yixiao Zhang, Yanfei Li, Kaiqi Zhang, Changzhao Jiang, Zhi Wang and Shijin Shuai
Energies 2023, 16(6), 2843; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062843 - 18 Mar 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2951
Abstract
Liquid ammonia is an ideal zero-carbon fuel for internal combustion engines. High-pressure injection is a key technology in organizing ammonia combustion. Characteristics of high-pressure liquid ammonia injection is lack of research. Spray behaviors are likely to change when a high-pressure diesel injector uses [...] Read more.
Liquid ammonia is an ideal zero-carbon fuel for internal combustion engines. High-pressure injection is a key technology in organizing ammonia combustion. Characteristics of high-pressure liquid ammonia injection is lack of research. Spray behaviors are likely to change when a high-pressure diesel injector uses liquid ammonia as its fuel. This study uses high-speed imaging with a DBI method to investigate the liquid penetration, width, and spray tip velocity of high-pressure liquid ammonia injection up to 100 MPa. Non-flash and flash boiling conditions were included in the experimental conditions. Simulation was also used to evaluate the results. In non-flash boiling conditions, the Hiroyasu model provided better accuracy than the Siebers model. In flash boiling conditions, a phenomenon was found that liquid penetration and spray tip velocity were strongly suppressed in the initial stage of the injection process, this being the “spray resistance phenomenon”. The “spray resistance phenomenon” was observed when ambient pressure was below 0.7 MPa during 0–0.05 ms ASOI and was highly related to the superheated degree. The shape of near-nozzle sprays abruptly changed at 0.05 ms ASOI, indicating that strong cavitation inside the nozzle caused by needle lift effects is the key reason for the “spray resistance phenomenon”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Low Carbon Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Vehicles)
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18 pages, 14271 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation on Mechanism of Swirling Flow of the Prefilming Air-Blast Fuel Injector
by Cheng Cao, Yaping Gao, Shaolin Wang, Fuqiang Liu, Cunxi Liu, Yong Mu, Deqing Mei and Gang Xu
Energies 2023, 16(2), 650; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020650 - 5 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1188
Abstract
Prefilming air-blast atomizers are widely used in modern gas turbine combustors. Due to insufficient awareness of the coupling mechanism of multi-stage swirling flow in gas turbines, there is a lack of effective methods for flow field optimization in combustor. In this study, the [...] Read more.
Prefilming air-blast atomizers are widely used in modern gas turbine combustors. Due to insufficient awareness of the coupling mechanism of multi-stage swirling flow in gas turbines, there is a lack of effective methods for flow field optimization in combustor. In this study, the effect of some critical parameters on the flow field of a prefilming air-blast atomizer was analyzed with CFD. The parameters include the angle and number of the first swirler blades, the angle of the second swirler blades and the angle of sleeve. Furthermore, the coupling mechanism of two-stage swirling airflows of prefilming air-blast atomizer was discussed. Moreover, the influence of the interaction between two-stage counter swirling airflows on the characteristics of flow field was explained. The results show that with the increase in SNi, the axial length of the primary recirculation zone decreased, while the radial width increased. The starting position of primary recirculation zone (PRZ) moves forward with the increase in SNo. Reducing the sleeve angle β helps to form the primary recirculation zone. The results indicate that it is the transition of tangential velocity of airflow to radial velocity that promotes the formation of the PRZ. These results provide theoretical support for optimization of the flow field in swirl combustor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Low Carbon Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Vehicles)
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