Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Determinants

A special issue of Dentistry Journal (ISSN 2304-6767).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2025 | Viewed by 1465

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Dentistry Propaedeutics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: epidemiology of dental caries; tooth loss; oral health related quality of life
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Gerostomatology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Białystok, Poland
Interests: oral health; oral epidemiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Physical and psychosocial well-being are both essential to overall health, with oral malfunction having the possibility of adversely affecting an individual's everyday life. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) measures a patient's subjective perception and satisfaction related to oral health. It is an important outcome variable in assessing an individual's health. OHRQoL links multiple areas of human life: oral and general health, quality of dental care, and social and environmental factors. This concept can be applied to study the impact of dental, medical, and psychological conditions regarding patient well-being; to measure the effectiveness of different treatments; to develop patient-oriented therapeutic care systems; to assess trends in population needs, including the impact of health disparities and inequality of access to care; and to communicate with policymakers. A number of measures have been developed to assess OHRQoL in different groups, with Special Issue focusing on both adults and children.

We invite papers on randomized clinical trials; cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on oral health-related quality of life; manuscripts on the development, linguistic adaptation, and validation of OHRQoL tools; and scoping reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on topics related to this field.

Dr. Joanna Baginska
Dr. Magdalena Nowosielska
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • oral health-related quality of life
  • OHRQoL
  • oral health
  • quality of life
  • patient well-being

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 799 KiB  
Article
Determinants of Oral Health Outcomes and Quality of Life in Diabetic Patients from Western Romania: A Behavioral Model Approach
by Iulia Alexa, Ramona Dumitrescu, Doina Chioran, Octavia Balean, Vanessa Bolchis, Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu, Simona Popescu, Atena Galuscan and Daniela Jumanca
Dent. J. 2025, 13(6), 247; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13060247 - 30 May 2025
Viewed by 348
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Oral health and diabetes are closely linked through shared inflammatory, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. This study examined the determinants of oral health outcomes and oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Romanian diabetic patients using Andersen’s Behavioral Model. Methods: A cross-sectional [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Oral health and diabetes are closely linked through shared inflammatory, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. This study examined the determinants of oral health outcomes and oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Romanian diabetic patients using Andersen’s Behavioral Model. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in early 2025 among 79 diabetic patients at a public clinic in Western Romania. Data were collected through questionnaires, clinical oral exams, and the OHIP-14 instrument. Variables were analyzed using Andersen’s Behavioral Model and standard statistical tests, including regression and correlation analyses. Results: Participants had a mean age of 61.2 years; 86.1% had type 2 diabetes and 13.9% type 1. Over 49% reported gingival bleeding, and 38% experienced dental sensitivity. Regression analysis identified limited awareness (OR = 2.21, p = 0.033) and low income (OR = 1.89, p = 0.041) as significant predictors of periodontal symptoms. OHIP-14 scores were weakly correlated with glycemic control (r = 0.17) and dental sensitivity (r = 0.16) but not with objective periodontal parameters. Rural residence, lower education levels, and poor awareness were associated with reduced service utilization and poorer perceived oral health. Conclusions: This study highlights the impact of behavioral, clinical, and socioeconomic factors on oral condition and OHRQoL. Oral health should be integrated into chronic disease care, with prevention-focused strategies aimed at improving access and reducing disparities, especially in older and rural populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Determinants)
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14 pages, 251 KiB  
Article
Oral Health and Quality of Life in Acromegaly: A Questionnaire-Based Study
by Giovanni Bruno, Francesca Dassie, Giorgia Preo, Ayoub Boutarbouche, Sara Brandolese, Pietro Maffei, Patrizio Bollero, Antonio Gracco, Michele Basilicata and Alberto De Stefani
Dent. J. 2025, 13(6), 226; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13060226 - 22 May 2025
Viewed by 317
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Acromegaly is a rare chronic disease caused by excess growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth hormone 1 (IGF-1) due to a pituitary adenoma. In acromegaly patients, oral and facial manifestations, such as mandibular growth, macroglossia, and dental malocclusion, are common and [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Acromegaly is a rare chronic disease caused by excess growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth hormone 1 (IGF-1) due to a pituitary adenoma. In acromegaly patients, oral and facial manifestations, such as mandibular growth, macroglossia, and dental malocclusion, are common and can affect quality of life. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the diagnostic path of these patients, the impact that acromegaly had on their oral health, the medical figures involved, and the role played by their dentist. Methods: The data were collected via an anonymous questionnaire to study dental health, dental care, and acromegaly diagnosis and history and via validated questionnaires. The validated questionnaires used were the ESS (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) to assess daytime sleepiness, OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile-14) to study perceptions of oral health, and AcroQoL to explore quality of life. Results: We enrolled 90 acromegaly patients: 48% of the patients reported acromegaly oral manifestations and 73% reported facial changes. The most frequent oro-facial manifestations reported by the patients were jaw growth (41%), diastema (40%), macroglossia (39%), and increased size of cheekbones (35%). The median OHIP-14 value was 5 (min 0–max 43), and the highest values were recorded in the questions relating to pronunciation difficulties and problems eating due to dental problems, as well as discomfort with dental aesthetics. The patients’ sleep quality was rated as good by 33% of patients, decent by 47%, and bad by 20%. The median ACROQol score achieved by the patients was 69 (min 19, max 98). An inverse and statistically significant correlation was observed between OHIP-14 and AcroQoL scores (Spearman correlation coefficient—0.44, p = 0.0002). Conclusions: Oro-facial changes significantly affect quality of life in cases of acromegaly, yet dental professionals’ involvement in diagnosis and management is limited. Greater awareness among and integration of dental professionals could support earlier detection and improve patient outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Determinants)
11 pages, 214 KiB  
Article
Impact of Dental Treatment, Including Multiple Extractions, Under General Anaesthesia on Children’s Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Prospective Study
by Haneen Baty, Ibtesam Alzain, Medhat Abdulla and Khlood Baghlaf
Dent. J. 2025, 13(5), 202; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13050202 - 1 May 2025
Viewed by 522
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Children who undergo several dental extractions with general anesthesia (GA) may face considerable changes in their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), but there is a lack of research on this issue in the Middle East. Aim: This study aimed to assess [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Children who undergo several dental extractions with general anesthesia (GA) may face considerable changes in their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), but there is a lack of research on this issue in the Middle East. Aim: This study aimed to assess how the number of dental extractions performed under general anaesthesia due to caries impacts the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children aged from three to six years. Methods: This prospective, single-center cohort study included parents of children aged 3–6 years undergoing dental treatment under general anaesthesia in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Parents completed the validated Arabic Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (A-ECOHIS) before and after treatment to assess changes in OHRQoL. The number of extractions was recorded, and patients were grouped based on extraction frequency: high (≥mean) and low (<mean). Pearson’s correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between the number of extractions and the effect size of OHRQoL. Results: Ninety-three participants met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in this study. The mean age of the children was 4.88 years (SD ± 1.06). The most common procedure performed was extraction, with a mean of 5.34 (SD ± 5.53), followed by stainless-steel crown application, with a mean of 4.03 (SD ± 2.01). No correlation between the number of extractions and the effect size in the change in OHRQoL was noted (Pearson r = −0.002, p-value = 0.98). Conclusions: Dental extractions were the most common procedure performed under GA. While multiple extractions showed no significant association with the effect size of OHRQoL, overall treatment under GA led to significant improvement. These findings highlight the need for timely intervention, parental education, and comprehensive treatment protocols. Utilizing tools like ECOHIS may aid in prioritizing high-risk cases and optimizing resource allocation in pediatric dental care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Determinants)
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