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Mitochondrial Genomes 2025: Unraveling the Threads of Evolution and Function

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 218

Special Issue Editor


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College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Interests: molecular ecology; monservation genetics; gut microbiota
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) hold the key to understanding the evolution, adaptation, and physiological functions of organisms. We invite researchers to contribute to this Special Issue, which aims to showcase the latest breakthroughs in mitogenome research. We welcome studies on mitogenome diversity, gene expression regulation, and their roles in diseases, development, and environmental responses.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Comparative mitogenomics across diverse taxa, elucidating phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary mechanisms.
  2. The impact of mitogenome mutations on human health, including mitochondrial diseases and complex disorders.
  3. Epigenetic and post-transcriptional regulation of mitogenome expression.
  4. Mitogenome–nuclear genome interactions and their implications for cellular function.
  5. Mitogenome dynamics in response to environmental stressors and their role in adaptation.

We encourage submissions of original research articles, comprehensive reviews, and short communications. Together, let us deepen our understanding of the fascinating world of mitogenomes in 2025.

Dr. Hongyi Liu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Issues in Molecular Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mitogenomes
  • mitochondria genomes
  • molecular evolution

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 5066 KiB  
Article
Mitochondrial Genomes of Four Millipedes (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida and Spirobolida) Unveil Phylogenetic Novelty and Gene Rearrangement Patterns
by Yingzhu Li, Gaoji Zhang, Wei Xu, Tangjun Xu, Lingna Li, Ming Gao, Jiachen Wang and Hongyi Liu
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(6), 476; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47060476 - 19 Jun 2025
Viewed by 126
Abstract
Millipedes (Diplopoda) are crucial decomposers in soil ecosystems, as they play a vital role in organic matter degradation while also holding potential as bioindicators of environmental health. This study deciphered the complete mitogenomes of four millipede species (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida and Spirobolida) using next-generation [...] Read more.
Millipedes (Diplopoda) are crucial decomposers in soil ecosystems, as they play a vital role in organic matter degradation while also holding potential as bioindicators of environmental health. This study deciphered the complete mitogenomes of four millipede species (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida and Spirobolida) using next-generation sequencing technology, thus revealing evolutionary relationships among diplopod taxa and characterizing mitochondrial genomic features. The full mitochondrial sequences of Agaricogonopus acrotrifoliolatus, Bilingulus sinicus, Paraspirobolus lucifugus, and Trigoniulus corallinus, ranged in size from 14,906 to 15,879 bp, with each containing 37 typical genes and one D-loop region. Notably, the D-loop regions of A. acrotrifoliolatus and B. sinicus were positioned atypically, thus indicating structural rearrangements. A nucleotide composition analysis revealed pronounced AT-skews, with tRNA sequences exhibiting the highest A+T content. Ka/Ks ratios demonstrated that the ND5 gene experienced the weakest purifying selection pressure, thus suggesting its potential role in adaptive evolution. The results of the phylogenetic analysis showed genetic relationships between the three orders of ((Julida, Spirostreptida), Spirobolida), which was inconsistent with the previous conclusion regarding the three orders, obtained through morphological studies: ((Julida, Spirobolida), Spirostreptida). These findings highlight the role of the mitochondrial genome in resolving phylogenetic conflicts and provide important insights for further studies on millipedes. Full article
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