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Children
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New Technologies in Diagnosis and Treatment in Pediatric Urology
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New Technologies in Diagnosis and Treatment in Pediatric Urology

A Special Issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067) belonging to the section "Pediatric Nephrology & Urology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 November 2026 | Viewed by 3520

Editors

Dr. Andrzej Gołębiewski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Surgery and Urology for Children and Adolescents, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
Interests: pediatric urology; pediatric surgery; minimally invasive and robot-assisted surgery; hydronephrosis; endourology; bladder exstrophy
Dr. Michał Maternik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
Interests: pediatrics; nephrology; hypertension

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am pleased to serve as Guest Editor for this Special Issue of Children, “New Technologies in Diagnosis and Treatment in Pediatric Urology”.

Pediatric urology is undergoing dynamic growth, driven by rapid advances in technology, surgical innovation, and interdisciplinary research. It is now at the interface of precision diagnostics, digital medicine, and minimally invasive surgery. Genomics-based personalized medicine tailors treatments to congenital anomalies and inherited urological disorders. At the same time, regenerative approaches—such as stem cell therapy and tissue engineering—are offering new possibilities for managing bladder dysfunction and urethral reconstruction.

Equally important are the growing fields of transitional urology, which ensures continuity of care for adolescents with lifelong urological conditions, and fertility preservation, which is becoming a critical consideration for patients undergoing gonadotoxic therapies or living with congenital disorders.

As the field continues to evolve, there is a clear need for robust, peer-reviewed research to validate emerging therapies and guide clinical practice. This Special Issue aims to showcase the latest advances and foster collaboration across multiple disciplines to improve outcomes for children and adolescents with urological conditions.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of studies that move the field from promise to practice, including rigorous original research, systematic reviews (PRISMA), high-quality case series, technical notes, registries, and consensus statements.

Manuscript Types: Original research, systematic/scoping reviews, meta-analyses, short communications, technical notes, high-quality case reports/series, protocols, and consensus statements (PRISMA/CONSORT where applicable).

Topics of interest (illustrative, but not limited to the following):

Precision diagnostics in CAKUT/VUR/DSD, genotype–phenotype correlations, and implementation science.

AI/automation in imaging, risk prediction, operative planning, and reporting/validation frameworks.

MIS and robotics: outcomes and indications (pyeloplasty, ureteral reimplantation, reconstructive procedures), endourology (RIRS, mini-/micro-PCNL), and stone disease.

Neurogenic bladder and transition (spinal dysraphism): long-term renal protection, continence, self-management, and adolescent-to-adult transfer.

Fertility preservation in congenital anomalies and gonadotoxic therapies, and ethics.

Quality improvement/ERAS, radiation stewardship, PROMs/PREMs, global pediatric urology, and resource-limited settings.

Dr. Andrzej Gołębiewski
Dr. Michał Maternik
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • personalized medicine
  • minimally invasive surgery
  • robotic-assisted surgery
  • prenatal interventions
  • genetic diagnostics
  • tissue engineering
  • regenerative medicine
  • artificial intelligence
  • emerging therapies
  • transitional urology
  • fertility preservation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 3040 KB  
Systematic Review
Comparative Outcomes of Robot-Assisted and Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty in Infants and Toddlers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Maciej Szyduczyński, Johannes Korneliussen, Adrianna Jażdżewska, Daria Sosińska, Ewelina Wojciechowska, Stefan Anzelewicz and Andrzej Gołębiewski
Children 2026, 13(6), 728; https://doi.org/10.3390/children13060728 - 23 May 2026
Viewed by 783
Abstract
Background: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) represents a common congenital anomaly in infants and young children. While minimally invasive approaches, including laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) and robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP), have gained acceptance, comparative outcomes in children younger than 3 years have still not [...] Read more.
Background: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) represents a common congenital anomaly in infants and young children. While minimally invasive approaches, including laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) and robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP), have gained acceptance, comparative outcomes in children younger than 3 years have still not been well-established. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RALP versus LP in infants and children younger than 3 years or weighing < 15 kg. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase was conducted through May 2025. Five retrospective cohort studies comprising 272 patients met inclusion criteria (age younger than 3 years or weighing < 15 kg). Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models. Results: Hospital stay was significantly shorter in the RALP group compared with LP (mean difference = −1.69 days; 95% CI: −2.71 to −0.67). No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, complication rates, or success rates between approaches. Conclusions: RALP is associated with significantly reduced hospitalization time compared with LP in infants and young children, while maintaining comparable safety and efficacy profiles. These findings support RALP as a valuable minimally invasive option in this challenging patient population, though larger prospective studies are warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technologies in Diagnosis and Treatment in Pediatric Urology)
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24 pages, 1110 KB  
Systematic Review
Do Perioperative Antibiotics Improve Outcomes After Hypospadias Repair? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pediatric Literature
by Maria Escolino, Maria Sofia Caracò, Valerio Mazzone, Mustafa Azizoglu, Giovanni Esposito, Mauro Porcaro, Marco Castagnetti and Ciro Esposito
Children 2026, 13(2), 194; https://doi.org/10.3390/children13020194 - 30 Jan 2026
Viewed by 2282
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The role, timing, and duration of antibiotic therapy in hypospadias repair remain controversial, with substantial variability in clinical practice and a lack of evidence-based guidelines. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether preoperative, postoperative, or combined perioperative antibiotic regimens [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The role, timing, and duration of antibiotic therapy in hypospadias repair remain controversial, with substantial variability in clinical practice and a lack of evidence-based guidelines. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether preoperative, postoperative, or combined perioperative antibiotic regimens influence postoperative outcomes after hypospadias repair. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to identify studies published between 2000 and 2025 that reported on perioperative antibiotic administration in pediatric patients undergoing hypospadias surgery. Three comparisons were assessed: (i) postoperative antibiotics versus no antibiotics, (ii) preoperative antibiotics versus no antibiotics, and (iii) combined pre- and postoperative antibiotics versus no antibiotics. Outcomes included infectious complications, wound dehiscence, urethrocutaneous fistula, meatal or urethral stenosis, and other postoperative complications. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed, with pooled odds ratios reported together with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Ten studies comprising a total of 9493 patients were included. Perioperative antibiotic use was not associated with a significant reduction in infectious complications (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.63–1.44; p = 0.81), urethrocutaneous fistula (OR 1.89, 95% CI 0.87–4.12; p = 0.10), or wound dehiscence (OR 1.52, 95% CI 0.98–2.35; p = 0.06) compared with no antibiotic use. Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis alone did not result in a reduction in infectious complications or wound dehiscence. Combined pre- and postoperative antibiotic therapy did not demonstrate a clear benefit over no antibiotics in terms of infectious complications, although available data were very limited. Conclusions: Routine perioperative antibiotic therapy does not significantly reduce postoperative complications after hypospadias repair. These findings support a selective, risk-based approach to antibiotic use rather than routine administration in hypospadias surgery. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed to establish evidence-based perioperative antibiotic protocols in pediatric hypospadias surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technologies in Diagnosis and Treatment in Pediatric Urology)
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