Nanophotonic Biosensors: Challenges and Development

A special issue of Chemosensors (ISSN 2227-9040). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Chemical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2022) | Viewed by 13966

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Physics Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
Interests: silicon photonics; optical biosensors; microfluidics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last two decades, optical biosensors have been the subject of intense research because of their capability for miniaturization and multiplexing. In addition, they can quantitatively detect extremely low concentrations of analytes in real time and without the need for labeling tags.

Additionally, optical biosensors fabricated with polymers or silicon-based technologies are candidates for point-of-care solutions in which pre-functionalized, disposable chips are used in conjunction with a readout system to provide diagnostics that would otherwise require specialized laboratories and trained personnel. Moreover, the fabrication of these devices, by using processes compatible with CMOS standard processes, open the door toward low-cost and mass production. 

This Special Issue will provide a forum for the latest research activities in the field of nanophotonic biosensors. Both review articles and original research papers are solicited in, though not limited to, the following areas:

  • Novel photonic biosensor designs
  • Label-free optical sensing
  • New development in optical for sensing applications
  • Silicon photonics for biosensing
  • Integration of photonic biosensors
  • Microfluidic devices for optical sensing
  • Polymer-based optical sensors

The scope of Chemosensors includes “optical chemical sensors”, “nano- and micro-technologies”, “microfluidic devices, lab-on-a-chip”, which connect perfectly with the aim of this topic.

Dr. Adrian Fernandez-Gavela
Guest Editor

If you want to learn more information or need any advice, you can contact the Special Issue Editor Tammy Zhang via <[email protected]> directly.

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Chemosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical biosensors
  • silicon photonics
  • microfluidic devices
  • polymer-based sensors
  • lab-on-a-chip
  • label-free sensors
  • refractive index sensors

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3108 KiB  
Article
Design and Characterization of ITO-Covered Resonant Nanopillars for Dual Optical and Electrochemical Sensing
by Luca Tramarin, Rafael Casquel, Jorge Gil-Rostra, Miguel Ángel González-Martínez, Raquel Herrero-Labrador, Ana María M. Murillo, María Fe Laguna, María-José Bañuls, Agustín R. González-Elipe and Miguel Holgado
Chemosensors 2022, 10(10), 393; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10100393 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1786
Abstract
In this work we present a dual optical and electrochemical sensor based on SiO2/Si3N4 resonant nanopillars covered with an indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film. A 25–30 nm thick ITO layer deposited by magnetron sputtering acts as an [...] Read more.
In this work we present a dual optical and electrochemical sensor based on SiO2/Si3N4 resonant nanopillars covered with an indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film. A 25–30 nm thick ITO layer deposited by magnetron sputtering acts as an electrode when incorporated onto the nanostructured array, without compromising the optical sensing capability of the nanopillars. Bulk sensing performances before and after ITO deposition have been measured and compared in accordance with theoretical calculations. The electrochemical activity has been determined by the ferri/ferrocyanide redox reaction, showing a remarkably higher activity than that of flat thin films of similar ITO nominal thickness, and proving that the nanopillar system covered by ITO presents electrical continuity. A label-free optical biological detection has been performed, where the presence of amyloid-β has been detected through an immunoassay enhanced with gold nanoparticles. Again, the experimental results have been corroborated by theoretical simulations. We have demonstrated that ITO can be a beneficial component for resonant nanopillars sensors by adding potential electrochemical sensing capabilities, without significantly altering their optical properties. We foresee that resonant nanopillars coated with a continuous ITO film could be used for simultaneous optical and electrochemical biosensing, improving the robustness of biomolecular identification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanophotonic Biosensors: Challenges and Development)
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14 pages, 2960 KiB  
Article
Patterning Large-Scale Nanostructured Microarrays on Coverslip for Sensitive Plasmonic Detection of Aqueous Gliadin Traces
by Giuliocesare Casari Bariani, Lan Zhou, Simone Poggesi, Marisa Manzano and Rodica Elena Ionescu
Chemosensors 2022, 10(2), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10020038 - 20 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2228
Abstract
User-friendly devices for detecting low gliadin content in commercial foods are of extreme importance for people with gluten diseases. With this concern, the present work proposes a rapid and sensitive optical nanostructured microarrays platform for the detection of gliadin using specific anti-gliadin IgG [...] Read more.
User-friendly devices for detecting low gliadin content in commercial foods are of extreme importance for people with gluten diseases. With this concern, the present work proposes a rapid and sensitive optical nanostructured microarrays platform for the detection of gliadin using specific anti-gliadin IgG antibodies immobilized on annealed gold nanostructures (AuNPs) obtained after the high annealing process (550 °C) of gold thin films evaporated on commercial glass coverslips. Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) immunosensing of gliadin in the range of 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm is successfully achieved. In addition, the biofunctionalization protocol was used for gluten screening in five food complex products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanophotonic Biosensors: Challenges and Development)
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16 pages, 6828 KiB  
Article
Chemosensory Optode Array Based on Pluronic-Stabilized Microspheres for Differential Sensing
by Aleksandra Kalinowska, Magdalena Wicik, Patrycja Matusiak and Patrycja Ciosek-Skibińska
Chemosensors 2022, 10(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10010002 - 22 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2804
Abstract
Differential sensing techniques are becoming nowadays an attractive alternative to classical selective recognition methods due to the “fingerprinting” possibility allowing identifying various analytes without the need to fabricate highly selective binding recognition sites. This work shows for the first time that surfactant-based ion-sensitive [...] Read more.
Differential sensing techniques are becoming nowadays an attractive alternative to classical selective recognition methods due to the “fingerprinting” possibility allowing identifying various analytes without the need to fabricate highly selective binding recognition sites. This work shows for the first time that surfactant-based ion-sensitive microspheres as optodes in the microscale can be designed as cross-sensitive materials; thus, they are perfect candidates as sensing elements for differential sensing. Four types of the newly developed chemosensory microspheres—anion- and cation-selective, sensitive toward amine- and hydroxyl moiety—exhibited a wide range of linear response (two to five orders of magnitude) in absorbance and/or fluorescence mode, great time stability (at least 2 months), as well as good fabrication repeatability. The array of four types of chemosensitive microspheres was capable of perfect pattern-based identification of eight neurotransmitters: dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine, histamine, taurine, and phenylethylamine. Moreover, it allowed the quantification of neurotransmitters, also in mixtures. Its selectivity toward neurotransmitters was studied using α- and β-amino acids (Ala, Asp, Pro, Tyr, taurine) in simulated blood plasma solution. It was revealed that the chemosensory optode set could recognize subtle differences in the chemical structure based on the differential interaction of microspheres with various moieties present in the molecule. The presented method is simple, versatile, and convenient, and it could be adopted to various quantitative and qualitative analytical tasks due to the simple adjusting of microspheres components and measurement conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanophotonic Biosensors: Challenges and Development)
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Review

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22 pages, 4291 KiB  
Review
Current Trends in Photonic Biosensors: Advances towards Multiplexed Integration
by Jhonattan C. Ramirez, Daniel Grajales García, Jesús Maldonado and Adrián Fernández-Gavela
Chemosensors 2022, 10(10), 398; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10100398 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3106
Abstract
In this review, we present the current trends in photonic biosensors, focusing on devices based on lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems capable of simultaneously detecting multiple real-life diseases on a single platform. The first section lists the advantages and challenges of building LOC platforms based [...] Read more.
In this review, we present the current trends in photonic biosensors, focusing on devices based on lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems capable of simultaneously detecting multiple real-life diseases on a single platform. The first section lists the advantages and challenges of building LOC platforms based on integrated optics. Some of the most popular materials for the fabrication of microfluidic cells are also shown. Then, a review of the latest developments in biosensors using the evanescent wave detection principle is provided; this includes interferometric biosensors, ring resonators, and photonic crystals, including a brief description of commercial solutions, if available. Then, a review of the latest advances in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors is presented, including localized-SPRs (LSPRs). A brief comparison between the benefits and required improvements on each kind of biosensor is discussed at the end of each section. Finally, prospects in the field of LOC biosensors based on integrated optics are glimpsed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanophotonic Biosensors: Challenges and Development)
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20 pages, 9733 KiB  
Review
Recent Development of Optofluidics for Imaging and Sensing Applications
by Jiukai Tang, Guangyu Qiu and Jing Wang
Chemosensors 2022, 10(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10010015 - 01 Jan 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3405
Abstract
Optofluidics represents the interaction of light and fluids on a chip that integrates microfluidics and optics, which provides a promising optical platform for manipulating and analyzing fluid samples. Recent years have witnessed a substantial growth in optofluidic devices, including the integration of optical [...] Read more.
Optofluidics represents the interaction of light and fluids on a chip that integrates microfluidics and optics, which provides a promising optical platform for manipulating and analyzing fluid samples. Recent years have witnessed a substantial growth in optofluidic devices, including the integration of optical and fluidic control units, the incorporation of diverse photonic nanostructures, and new applications. All these advancements have enabled the implementation of optofluidics with improved performance. In this review, the recent advances of fabrication techniques and cutting-edge applications of optofluidic devices are presented, with a special focus on the developments of imaging and sensing. Specifically, the optofluidic based imaging techniques and applications are summarized, including the high-throughput cytometry, biochemical analysis, and optofluidic nanoparticle manipulation. The optofluidic sensing section is categorized according to the modulation approaches and the transduction mechanisms, represented by absorption, reflection/refraction, scattering, and plasmonics. Perspectives on future developments and promising avenues in the fields of optofluidics are also provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanophotonic Biosensors: Challenges and Development)
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