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Catalysts
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Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition
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Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis in Organic and Polymer Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 8019

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cyril Nicolas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311, Université d’Orléans et CNRS. Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans cedex 2, France
Interests: new methods; organic synthesis; organometallic chemistry; carbohydrates; glycomimetics; iminosugar-C-glycosides; asymmetric synthesis; catalysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Isabelle Gillaizeau

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311, Université d’Orléans et CNRS, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, cedex 2, 45067 Orléans, France
Interests: new methods; organic synthesis; organometallic chemistry; enamides; ynamides; asymmetric synthesis; catalysis; heterocycles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is the second edition of the Special Issue titled “Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis”.

In recent decades, the development of original and efficient processes to perform the synthesis of renewable and/or affordable chemicals with widespread applications in industry has become a topic of great interest. Transition-metal catalysis has undoubtedly participated in this area, with the topic being awarded five Nobel Prizes in chemistry since the 1960s. These were awarded for (1) Ziegler−Natta polymerizations, (2) the development of the metathesis, (3) palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions, (4) chirality and asymmetric catalysis, and last year (5) the "click" copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. In fact, all these prompt advances have significantly changed our world, notably by broadening the uses of fossil fuels, but also by enabling the discovery of many novel synthetic molecules and materials.

However, due to exponential population growth, the global energy crisis and the environmental burden, the need for the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly metal-based catalytic systems will become even more critical in the forthcoming decades.

In this context, this Special Issue aims to cover the most recent progresses and advances towards the design, synthesis, and characterization of novel metal catalysts, as well as their applications in environmental remediations and new routes for the production of molecules of biological, (photo)physical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical interest.

Dr. Cyril Nicolas
Prof. Dr. Isabelle Gillaizeau
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • supported metal catalysts
  • metal-organic frameworks as catalysts
  • multi-catalysis
  • transition metal catalysts
  • air and moisture-tolerant catalysts
  • metal catalyzed Csp2‒H or Csp3‒H functionalization of C-, O-, S- or N-heterocycles
  • photoinduced metal-catalyzed transformations
  • chiral metal complexes
  • artificial metalloenzymes and metallopeptide catalysts
  • metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 4292 KiB  
Article
Facile Synthesis of Metal/Carbide Hybrid toward Overall Water Splitting
by Junxiang Mo, Nianqing Fu, Songlin Mu, Jihua Peng, Yan Liu and Guoge Zhang
Catalysts 2024, 14(10), 730; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14100730 - 18 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1014
Abstract
The development of cost-effective and high-performance bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting is crucial for achieving sustainable clean energy. In this study, a metal/carbide hybrid (NiFeMo/NiFeMoCx) was prepared through fast and facile cathodic plasma electrolytic deposition. Due to the synergistic effect [...] Read more.
The development of cost-effective and high-performance bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting is crucial for achieving sustainable clean energy. In this study, a metal/carbide hybrid (NiFeMo/NiFeMoCx) was prepared through fast and facile cathodic plasma electrolytic deposition. Due to the synergistic effect between the metal and carbide, NiFeMo/NiFeMoCx exhibited high activity in both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), with overpotentials of 230 mV and 60 mV at 10 mA cm−2, respectively. In addition, robust stability was demonstrated during the overall water splitting (1.52 V at 10 mA cm−2, with little degradation after 18 h of catalysis). This work provides a useful strategy for designing advanced water splitting catalysts for real application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 3365 KiB  
Article
Insights into the Effect of Crystal Facets and Sulfur Defects on the Product Selectivity of Various CdS Configurations for CO2 Photoreduction: A DFT Study
by Shuai Liu, Yang Meng, Yidong Zhong, Leiping Wang, Dingming Xue, Lei Tong, Honglei Zhang, Tao Wu, Guangsuo Yu and Hang Xiao
Catalysts 2024, 14(10), 688; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14100688 - 3 Oct 2024
Viewed by 918
Abstract
CO2 photoreduction into valuable hydrocarbons, such as CO, CH4, and C2H4, delivers a promising approach to address both environmental and energy challenges. Transition metal chalcogenides, particularly cadmium sulfide (CdS), have emerged as prominent candidates due to [...] Read more.
CO2 photoreduction into valuable hydrocarbons, such as CO, CH4, and C2H4, delivers a promising approach to address both environmental and energy challenges. Transition metal chalcogenides, particularly cadmium sulfide (CdS), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their tunable electronic properties and availability. This study delves into a comprehensive investigation of how CdS crystalline facets and sulfur-deficient surfaces modulate the product selectivity. Through employing density functional theory (DFT), we unravel the catalytic performance of various CdS crystal orientations and sulfur vacancy configurations. The results have shown that different CdS facets exhibit unique electronic characteristics and surface energetics, which influence the adsorption dynamics and reaction pathways. The introduction of sulfur vacancies further modulates the nature of active sites, leading to substantial shifts in product selectivity. A detailed investigation on the reaction mechanisms unveils that specific facets preferentially facilitate the formation of CO, while others are more conducive to the generation of hydrocarbons such as CH4 and C2H4, due to the variations in activation barriers and intermediate stabilities. These findings underscore the importance of crystal facet engineering and defect manipulation in tailoring catalyst performance thus providing valuable insights for the rational design of efficient and selective CO2 reduction metal catalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 1493 KiB  
Article
The [PdCl2(Xantphos)] Complex Efficiently Catalyzed the Methoxycarbonylation of Iodobenzene to Methyl Benzoate
by Luca Pietrobon, Lucio Ronchin and Andrea Vavasori
Catalysts 2024, 14(10), 660; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14100660 - 24 Sep 2024
Viewed by 827
Abstract
The [PdCl2(Xantphos)] complex, in comparison with several [PdCl2(P–P)] complexes having different diphosphine chelating ligands (P–P), is very active as a catalyst for the carbonylation of iodobenzene to methyl benzoate. The run conditions and the influence of several cocatalysts have [...] Read more.
The [PdCl2(Xantphos)] complex, in comparison with several [PdCl2(P–P)] complexes having different diphosphine chelating ligands (P–P), is very active as a catalyst for the carbonylation of iodobenzene to methyl benzoate. The run conditions and the influence of several cocatalysts have been also studied to further improve the catalytic activity. The optimization of the catalytic system allowed to obtain TOFs of ca. 260,000 h−1. The addition of some additives able to reduce the possible catalyst deactivation allowed to increase the TOF of ca. 15%. The best positive results were obtained by adding reducing agents such as ferrocene, which leads to a TOF higher than 300,000 h−1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 1555 KiB  
Article
Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective [3+2] Cycloadditions of α,β-Unsaturated Imines with Vinylethylene Carbonates: Access to Oxazolidines
by Yuanbo Wang, Yue Wang, Tong Sun, Qinglin Liu and Er-Qing Li
Catalysts 2024, 14(8), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14080508 - 6 Aug 2024
Viewed by 998
Abstract
We reported palladium-catalyzed regioselective [3+2] cycloadditions of α,β-unsaturated imines with vinylethylene carbonates, providing the desired oxazolidines in moderate-to-high yields. This reaction provides a facile route for the highly regioselective synthesis of functional oxazolidines. The synthetic utility of the current method [...] Read more.
We reported palladium-catalyzed regioselective [3+2] cycloadditions of α,β-unsaturated imines with vinylethylene carbonates, providing the desired oxazolidines in moderate-to-high yields. This reaction provides a facile route for the highly regioselective synthesis of functional oxazolidines. The synthetic utility of the current method was also demonstrated by a gram-scale reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition)
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19 pages, 18285 KiB  
Article
Surface Redox Reaction for the Synthesis of NiPt Catalysts for the Upgrading of Renewable Ethanol/Methanol Mixtures
by Joachim Pasel, Friederike Woltmann, Johannes Häusler and Ralf Peters
Catalysts 2024, 14(1), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14010077 - 17 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1440
Abstract
Mixtures of ethanol and methanol being synthesized from CO2 and green H2 can serve as sustainable base chemicals for a number of chemical processes. Amongst these processes, the catalytically supported synthesis of CO2-neutral C4 to C10 alcohols [...] Read more.
Mixtures of ethanol and methanol being synthesized from CO2 and green H2 can serve as sustainable base chemicals for a number of chemical processes. Amongst these processes, the catalytically supported synthesis of CO2-neutral C4 to C10 alcohols is of increasing importance as, e.g., iso-butanol can be used as a drop-in fuel or after dehydration to produce iso-butene as a feedstock for the synthesis of plastics. 2-ethyl-hexanol can be further refined into solvents, tensides, or monomers. In this respect, NiPt alloys on an activated carbon support were found to be active and stable catalysts for the synthesis of iso-butanol following the Guerbet reaction scheme. In this study, two different routes are applied to the synthesis of these NiPt catalysts: a more conventional one based on the impregnation of Ni and Pt salts and an advanced path with a surface redox reaction between elemental Ni on the support and Pt ions in a polar solution. The experimental evaluation shows that the Pt particles from the surface redox reaction being exposed on the Ni particles are more active than those on the impregnated catalysts due to their high surface energy. Their specific space-time yields are 10–20 times higher. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition)
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Review

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20 pages, 4832 KiB  
Review
Green Catalysts and/or Green Solvents for Sustainable Multi-Component Reactions
by Gatien Messire, Emma Caillet and Sabine Berteina-Raboin
Catalysts 2024, 14(9), 593; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14090593 - 4 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1986
Abstract
Here, we describe some well-known multicomponent reactions and the progress made over the past decade to make these processes even more environmentally friendly. We focus on the Mannich, Hantzsch, Biginelli, Ugi, Passerini, Petasis, and Groebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé reactions. After describing the origin of the reactions [...] Read more.
Here, we describe some well-known multicomponent reactions and the progress made over the past decade to make these processes even more environmentally friendly. We focus on the Mannich, Hantzsch, Biginelli, Ugi, Passerini, Petasis, and Groebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé reactions. After describing the origin of the reactions and their mechanisms, we summarize some advances in terms of the eco-compatibility of these different MCRs. These are followed by examples of some reactions, considered as variants, which are less well documented but which are promising in terms of structures generated or synthetic routes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Applications of Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition)
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