Biosensors for Detection of Lipids, Carbohydrates and Complex Biomarkers of Disease

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2019) | Viewed by 12839

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Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA
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Dear Colleagues,

Biological detection has centered around proteins and nucleic acids as targets for several decades. However, many biomarkers associated with human physiological processes and infectious diseases are lipidated sugars, which have an amphiphilic biochemistry. Traditionally, these molecules are also detected using methods that were tailored for proteins, such as immunoassays. However, the physiological presentation of these molecules, their bioanlytical characterization and biophysical properties are very much driven by their biochemistry. In this Special Issue of Biosensors, we invite manuscripts that address the development use of biosensors for the detection, characterization, quantification and exploration of amphiphilic biomarkers.

Dr. Harshini Mukundan
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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12 pages, 1549 KiB  
Article
Multiplex Label Free Characterization of Cancer Cell Lines Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging
by Ivan Stojanović, Carolina F. Ruivo, Thomas J. G. van der Velden, Richard B. M. Schasfoort and Leon W. M. M. Terstappen
Biosensors 2019, 9(2), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios9020070 - 27 May 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 6033
Abstract
Rapid multiplex cell surface marker analysis can expedite investigations in which large number of antigens need to be analyzed. Simultaneous analysis of multiple surface antigens at the same level of sensitivity is however limited in the current golden standard analysis method, flow cytometry. [...] Read more.
Rapid multiplex cell surface marker analysis can expedite investigations in which large number of antigens need to be analyzed. Simultaneous analysis of multiple surface antigens at the same level of sensitivity is however limited in the current golden standard analysis method, flow cytometry. In this paper we introduce a surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi)-based technique for 44-plex parameter analysis using a single sample, in less than 20 min. We analyzed the expression on cells from five different cancer cell lines by SPRi on a 44-plex antibody array including 4 negative controls and compared the output with flow cytometry. The combined correlation of the markers that showed expression by flow cytometry was 0.76. The results demonstrate as a proof of principle that SPRi can be applied for rapid semi-quantitative multiplex cell surface marker analysis. Full article
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12 pages, 2404 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical Response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Corresponds to Cell Viability upon Exposure to Dioclea reflexa Seed Extracts and Antifungal Drugs
by Patrick Kobina Arthur, Anthony Boadi Yeboah, Ibrahim Issah, Srinivasan Balapangu, Samuel K. Kwofie, Bernard O. Asimeng, E. Johan Foster and Elvis K. Tiburu
Biosensors 2019, 9(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios9010045 - 20 Mar 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 6368
Abstract
Dioclea reflexa bioactive compounds have been shown to contain antioxidant properties. The extracts from the same plant are used in traditional medical practices to treat various diseases with impressive outcomes. In this study, ionic mobility in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in the presence of [...] Read more.
Dioclea reflexa bioactive compounds have been shown to contain antioxidant properties. The extracts from the same plant are used in traditional medical practices to treat various diseases with impressive outcomes. In this study, ionic mobility in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in the presence of D. reflexa seed extracts was monitored using electrochemical detection methods to link cell death to ionic imbalance. Cells treated with ethanol, methanol, and water extracts were studied using cyclic voltammetry and cell counting to correlate electrochemical behavior and cell viability, respectively. The results were compared with cells treated with pore-forming Amphotericin b (Amp b), as well as Fluconazole (Flu) and the antimicrobial drug Rifampicin (Rif). The D. reflexa seed water extract (SWE) revealed higher anodic peak current with 58% cell death. Seed methanol extract (SME) and seed ethanol extract (SEE) recorded 31% and 22% cell death, respectively. Among the three control drugs, Flu revealed the highest cell death of about 64%, whereas Amp b and Rif exhibited cell deaths of 35% and 16%, respectively, after 8 h of cell growth. It was observed that similar to SWE, there was an increase in the anodic peak current in the presence of different concentrations of Amp b, which also correlated with enhanced cell death. It was concluded from this observation that Amp b and SWE might follow similar mechanisms to inhibit cell growth. Thus, the individual bioactive compounds from the water extracts of D. reflexa seeds could further be purified and tested to validate their potential therapeutic application. The strategy to link electrochemical behavior to biochemical responses could be a simple, fast, and robust screening technique for new drug targets and to understand the mechanism of action of such drugs against disease models. Full article
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