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Biomedicines
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Immunosuppressive Signaling Regulation in Cancer Development
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Immunosuppressive Signaling Regulation in Cancer Development

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 13876

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Demin Cai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
Interests: cancer metabolism; epigenetics; nuclear receptors; nutrigenomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chengfei Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urologic Surgery, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
Interests: prostate cancer; drug resistance; proteostasis; steroidogenesis; tumor immunology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past few decades, new conceptual and technical advances in immunology have led to novel discoveries between the immune system and tumors. In 2017, the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab was approved to treat solid tumors with mismatch repair genes (MMR) and/or exhibit microsatellite instability (MSI). However, only a small number of cancer patients have the MMR mutations, and the benefits are yet to fully materialize in the context of solid tumor patients. Therefore, there is a significant unmet clinical need to unravel and target pathways that facilitate the emergence of resistant disease to immune surveillance breakthrough.

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather emerging research in cancer immunology and immunometabolism and discover the underlying mechanisms of immune evasion in cancer immunotherapy.

Dr. Demin Cai
Dr. Chengfei Liu 
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer immunology
  • immune checkpoint
  • immune evasion
  • immunometabolism
  • therapeutic resistance
  • tumor microenvironment

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

22 pages, 1531 KiB  
Review
Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms: A Boon for Cancer Immunotherapy
by Asmita Parab, Lokesh Kumar Bhatt and Abdelwahab Omri
Biomedicines 2023, 11(1), 169; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11010169 - 09 Jan 2023
Viewed by 2284
Abstract
Immunotherapy is rapidly emerging as a promising approach against cancer. In the last decade, various immunological mechanisms have been targeted to induce an increase in the immune response against cancer cells. However, despite promising results, many patients show partial response, resistance, or serious [...] Read more.
Immunotherapy is rapidly emerging as a promising approach against cancer. In the last decade, various immunological mechanisms have been targeted to induce an increase in the immune response against cancer cells. However, despite promising results, many patients show partial response, resistance, or serious toxicities. A promising way to overcome this is the use of immunotherapeutic approaches, in combination with other potential therapeutic approaches. Aberrant epigenetic modifications play an important role in carcinogenesis and its progression, as well as in the functioning of immune cells. Thus, therapeutic approaches targeting aberrant epigenetic mechanisms and the immune response might provide an effective antitumor effect. Further, the recent development of potent epigenetic drugs and immunomodulators gives hope to this combinatorial approach. In this review, we summarize the synergy mechanism between epigenetic therapies and immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer, and discuss recent advancements in the translation of this approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunosuppressive Signaling Regulation in Cancer Development)
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21 pages, 1763 KiB  
Review
The Immunotherapy and Immunosuppressive Signaling in Therapy-Resistant Prostate Cancer
by Pengfei Xu, Logan J. Wasielewski, Joy C. Yang, Demin Cai, Christopher P. Evans, William J. Murphy and Chengfei Liu
Biomedicines 2022, 10(8), 1778; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10081778 - 22 Jul 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3609
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in men. Initially, it is androgen-dependent, but it eventually develops into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is incurable with current androgen receptor signaling target therapy and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy, specifically with immune checkpoint inhibitors, [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in men. Initially, it is androgen-dependent, but it eventually develops into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is incurable with current androgen receptor signaling target therapy and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy, specifically with immune checkpoint inhibitors, has brought hope for the treatment of this type of prostate cancer. Approaches such as vaccines, adoptive chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been employed to activate innate and adaptive immune responses to treat prostate cancer, but with limited success. Only Sipuleucel-T and the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab are approved by the US FDA for the treatment of limited prostate cancer patients. Prostate cancer has a complex tumor microenvironment (TME) in which various immunosuppressive molecules and mechanisms coexist and interact. Additionally, prostate cancer is considered a “cold” tumor with low levels of tumor mutational burden, low amounts of antigen-presenting and cytotoxic T-cell activation, and high levels of immunosuppressive molecules including cytokines/chemokines. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of immunosuppressive signaling activation and immune evasion will help develop more effective treatments for prostate cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize emerging advances in prostate cancer immunotherapy, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms that lead to immune evasion in prostate cancer. At the same time, we also highlight some potential therapeutic targets to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of prostate cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunosuppressive Signaling Regulation in Cancer Development)
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18 pages, 1739 KiB  
Review
The Role of the Metabolism of Zinc and Manganese Ions in Human Cancerogenesis
by Julian Markovich Rozenberg, Margarita Kamynina, Maksim Sorokin, Marianna Zolotovskaia, Elena Koroleva, Kristina Kremenchutckaya, Alexander Gudkov, Anton Buzdin and Nicolas Borisov
Biomedicines 2022, 10(5), 1072; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10051072 - 05 May 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4206
Abstract
Metal ion homeostasis is fundamental for life. Specifically, transition metals iron, manganese and zinc play a pivotal role in mitochondrial metabolism and energy generation, anti-oxidation defense, transcriptional regulation and the immune response. The misregulation of expression or mutations in ion carriers and the [...] Read more.
Metal ion homeostasis is fundamental for life. Specifically, transition metals iron, manganese and zinc play a pivotal role in mitochondrial metabolism and energy generation, anti-oxidation defense, transcriptional regulation and the immune response. The misregulation of expression or mutations in ion carriers and the corresponding changes in Mn2+ and Zn2+ levels suggest that these ions play a pivotal role in cancer progression. Moreover, coordinated changes in Mn2+ and Zn2+ ion carriers have been detected, suggesting that particular mechanisms influenced by both ions might be required for the growth of cancer cells, metastasis and immune evasion. Here, we present a review of zinc and manganese pathophysiology suggesting that these ions might cooperatively regulate cancerogenesis. Zn and Mn effects converge on mitochondria-induced apoptosis, transcriptional regulation and the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, mediating the immune response. Both Zn and Mn influence cancer progression and impact treatment efficacy in animal models and clinical trials. We predict that novel strategies targeting the regulation of both Zn and Mn in cancer will complement current therapeutic strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunosuppressive Signaling Regulation in Cancer Development)
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21 pages, 3161 KiB  
Review
Immunosuppressive Signaling Pathways as Targeted Cancer Therapies
by Botle Precious Setlai, Rodney Hull, Meshack Bida, Chrisna Durandt, Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi, Aristotelis Chatziioannou and Zodwa Dlamini
Biomedicines 2022, 10(3), 682; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030682 - 16 Mar 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2884
Abstract
Immune response has been shown to play an important role in defining patient prognosis and response to cancer treatment. Tumor-induced immunosuppression encouraged the recent development of new chemotherapeutic agents that assists in the augmentation of immune responses. Molecular mechanisms that tumors use to [...] Read more.
Immune response has been shown to play an important role in defining patient prognosis and response to cancer treatment. Tumor-induced immunosuppression encouraged the recent development of new chemotherapeutic agents that assists in the augmentation of immune responses. Molecular mechanisms that tumors use to evade immunosurveillance are attributed to their ability to alter antigen processing/presentation pathways and the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells take advantage of normal molecular and immunoregulatory machinery to survive and thrive. Cancer cells constantly adjust their genetic makeup using several mechanisms such as nucleotide excision repair as well as microsatellite and chromosomal instability, thus giving rise to new variants with reduced immunogenicity and the ability to continue to grow without restrictions. This review will focus on the central molecular signaling pathways involved in immunosuppressive cells and briefly discuss how cancer cells evade immunosurveillance by manipulating antigen processing cells and related proteins. Secondly, the review will discuss how these pathways can be utilized for the implementation of precision medicine and deciphering drug resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunosuppressive Signaling Regulation in Cancer Development)
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