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Biomedicines
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New Insights in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney...
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New Insights in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Complications

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 25689

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cristina Capusa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nephrology Dept. at the “Dr. Carol Davila” Teaching Hospital of Nephrology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010731 București, Romania
Interests: chronic kidney disease; oxidative stress; renal anemia; intravenous iron; CKD-related mineral and bone disorders; kidney biopsy in glomerular diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic kidney disease remains a global health challenge generated by a wide variety of causes, and can present either as primitive diseases of the kidneys or have secondary involvement in various systemic diseases. Consequently, the underlying mechanisms of the tisular lesions are very different, making it more difficult to comprehensively understand the pathogenesis of primary nephropathies, an essential step for applying adequate therapeutic strategies to halt or, at least delay, the progression of chronic kidney disease. Recently, a myriad of research has underscored the roles of complement and inflammation in the occurrence of glomerular diseases, and started to decipher the mechanisms of kidney fibrosis during renal pathologies. Both of these research directions are expected to open up new insights into CKD pathogenesis and, hopefully, to provide a rationale for future effective therapeutic interventions.

Moreover, irrespective of the primary nephropathy, the main features of CKD—albuminuria and a decline in the glomerular filtration rate—were associated with a wide range of complications, from heart and brain pathologies to hematologic and mineral metabolism disorders. Despite their huge impact on the quality of life and outcome of patients with kidney diseases, the pathogenesis of the most CKD-related complications is also complex and not completely understood. Therapeutic advances have been made in this respect as well, at least in the field of cardiovascular protection, while other complications are still waiting for breakthrough discoveries.

Therefore, as a continuation of Biomedicines’ mission to provide updated information on specific topics, it is my pleasure to invite all interested researchers to share with readers their novel data in the above mentioned fields through this Special Issue.

Dr. Cristina Capusa
Guest Editor

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • complement-mediated glomerulopathies
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • chronic kidney disease
  • mechanisms of kidney fibrosis
  • mineral metabolism abnormalities
  • neurologic disorders
  • renal anemia
  • vascular calcifications
  • therapeutic strategies to reduce CKD progression

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 8483 KiB  
Article
Identification of Hub Genes Correlated with the Initiation and Progression of CKD in the Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model
by Xinxin Li, Junjie Li, Xiaobing Yao and Jun Yang
Biomedicines 2025, 13(6), 1316; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061316 - 27 May 2025
Viewed by 353
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem marked by a persistent deterioration in the function of the nephrons and kidneys. To identify novel therapies for CKD, we investigated the molecular targets associated with the initiation and progression of the disease. [...] Read more.
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem marked by a persistent deterioration in the function of the nephrons and kidneys. To identify novel therapies for CKD, we investigated the molecular targets associated with the initiation and progression of the disease. Methods: The transcriptional profile dataset of GSE42303 was downloaded from GEO (The Gene Expression Omnibus). Utilizing the R package limma, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between control (Con) and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. Then, functional enrichment, protein–protein interactions (PPI) and subsequent hub genes were identified by multiple bioinformatics approaches. Further validations of these hub genes were confirmed through the GSE118339 dataset and in vivo experiments. Results: We found 381 DEGs between Con and UUO mice (308 up-regulated genes and 73 down-regulated genes). GO functions and pathway analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly enriched in activities associated with inflammation and fibrosis. The mRNA expressions of nine hub genes were identified and confirmed by dataset GSE118339 and in vivo experiments. Conclusions: The hub genes Fgg, Penk, Ckap4, and Gpc3 may be new prospective targets for the treatment of the initiation and progression of CKD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Complications)
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Review

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20 pages, 1008 KiB  
Review
Hepato-Renal Crosstalk in Acute and Chronic Disease: From Shared Pathways to Therapeutic Targets
by Anna Clementi, Grazia Maria Virzì, Massimiliano Sorbello, Nenzi Marzano, Paola Monciino, Jose Said Cabrera-Aguilar, Giovanni Giorgio Battaglia, Claudio Ronco and Monica Zanella
Biomedicines 2025, 13(7), 1618; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13071618 - 1 Jul 2025
Viewed by 245
Abstract
Hepato-renal crosstalk is a complex biological communication between liver and kidneys mediated by various factors, including cellular, endocrine, and paracrine molecules. This interaction highlights the functional consequences that damage in one organ can have on the other. In particular, the liver and kidney [...] Read more.
Hepato-renal crosstalk is a complex biological communication between liver and kidneys mediated by various factors, including cellular, endocrine, and paracrine molecules. This interaction highlights the functional consequences that damage in one organ can have on the other. In particular, the liver and kidney play a pivotal role in maintaining body homeostasis, as they are both involved in the excretion of toxic bioproducts and drugs. The overlap of liver and kidney disease has both therapeutic and prognostic implications. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this bidirectional crosstalk is essential for improving the management of these clinical conditions and patient outcomes. Specifically, a multidisciplinary approach involving hepatologists and nephrologists is crucial to reduce the long-term burden of these clinical settings. This review focuses on the hepato-renal crosstalk in the context of liver and kidney disease, with particular attention to acute kidney injury associated with liver injury, hepatorenal syndrome and, chronic kidney disease in the context of liver fibrosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Complications)
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22 pages, 3205 KiB  
Review
Nephrotic Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches
by Valentina-Georgiana Frățilă, Gabriela Lupușoru, Bogdan Marian Sorohan, Bogdan Obrișcă, Valentin Mocanu, Mircea Lupușoru and Gener Ismail
Biomedicines 2024, 12(3), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12030569 - 3 Mar 2024
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 24254
Abstract
Nephrotic edema stands out as one of the most common complications of nephrotic syndrome. The effective management of hypervolemia is paramount in addressing this condition. Initially, “the underfill hypothesis” suggested that proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia led to fluid extravasation into the interstitial space, causing [...] Read more.
Nephrotic edema stands out as one of the most common complications of nephrotic syndrome. The effective management of hypervolemia is paramount in addressing this condition. Initially, “the underfill hypothesis” suggested that proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia led to fluid extravasation into the interstitial space, causing the intravascular hypovolemia and activation of neurohormonal compensatory mechanisms, which increased the retention of salt and water. Consequently, the recommended management involved diuretics and human-albumin infusion. However, recent findings from human and animal studies have unveiled a kidney-limited sodium-reabsorption mechanism, attributed to the presence of various serine proteases in the tubular lumen-activating ENaC channels, thereby causing sodium reabsorption. There is currently no standardized guideline for diuretic therapy. In clinical practice, loop diuretics continue to be the preferred initial choice. It is noteworthy that patients often exhibit diuretic resistance due to various factors such as high-sodium diets, poor drug compliance, changes in pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics, kidney dysfunction, decreased renal flow, nephron remodeling and proteasuria. Considering these challenges, combining diuretics may be a rational approach to overcoming diuretic resistance. Despite the limited data available on diuretic treatment in nephrotic syndrome complicated by hypervolemia, ENaC blockers emerge as a potential add-on treatment for nephrotic edema. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Complications)
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