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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Understanding Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System
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Understanding Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurobiology and Clinical Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 1857

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Olga Koper-Lenkiewicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: cerebrospinal fluid; biomarker; central nervous system diseases; cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Joanna Kamińska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: cancer; central nervous system diseases; cerebrospinal fluid; cytokines; biomarker; inflammation markers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Understanding the intricacies of the varied diseases that affect the central nervous system (CNS) could undoubtedly enable their more effective management. This goal can be achieved through a multidisciplinary approach exploring the intricate interplay between biological, genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contributing to CNS disorders.

This Special Issue will cover the mechanisms underlying CNS diseases, identifying novel therapeutic strategies and diagnostic biomarkers. Thus, we invite studies that investigate the molecular pathways involved in CNS pathology, assess the efficacy of emerging treatments, explore potential biomarkers for early detection and monitoring, and examine the impacts of lifestyle interventions on disease progression and management. Additionally, studies of the role of neuroinflammation, neuronal plasticity, and neurodegeneration in CNS disorders, as well as investigations into personalized medicine approaches and the development of innovative diagnostic tools, are requested, as these studies help to advance our understanding and management of these complex conditions.

Dr. Olga Koper-Lenkiewicz
Dr. Joanna Kamińska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • central nervous system pathology
  • biological factors
  • genetic factors
  • environmental factors
  • lifestyle factors
  • therapeutic strategies
  • diagnostic biomarkers
  • molecular pathways
  • neuroinflammation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 753 KiB  
Article
Differences between Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Patients with and without Epilepsy: The Results of a Quantitative Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
by Anna B. Marcinkowska, Sergiusz Jóźwiak, Agnieszka Sabisz, Agnieszka Tarasewicz, Beata Rutkowska, Alicja Dębska-Ślizień and Edyta Szurowska
Biomedicines 2024, 12(9), 2061; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12092061 - 10 Sep 2024
Viewed by 271
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurocutaneous disease with a high incidence of epilepsy and damaging effects on cognitive development. To understand the mechanisms leading to abnormal cognitive development, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques have begun to be used in recent years. [...] Read more.
Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurocutaneous disease with a high incidence of epilepsy and damaging effects on cognitive development. To understand the mechanisms leading to abnormal cognitive development, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques have begun to be used in recent years. The present study is the first to investigate differences in the microstructure and integrity of white matter tracts in adult patients with TSC and with and without epilepsy. Method: A total of 37 patients with TSC (18 with epilepsy, median age 36 years; 19 without epilepsy, median age 35 years) without intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder were included in the study. The control group (median age 34 years) comprised 37 individuals without psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders and neurological and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, or addictions. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) DTI sequence was applied. Results: There were differences in the average values of DTI parameters between patients with TSC and epilepsy and patients with TSC but without epilepsy in five white matter bands. When comparing the average values of DTI parameters between patients with TSC and epilepsy and healthy controls, we found differences in 15 of 20 analysed white matter fibres. White matter tracts in patients with TSC and epilepsy had more abnormalities than in patients with TSC but without epilepsy. The former group presented abnormalities in longer white matter fibres, especially in the left hemisphere. However, the latter group presented abnormalities in more medial and shorter white matter fibres. Conclusion: This DTI study documents the changes in the brain white matter of patients with TSC associated with the presence of epilepsy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System)
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11 pages, 949 KiB  
Article
Are Sirtuins 1 and 2 Relevant Players in Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis?
by Justyna Chojdak-Łukasiewicz, Anna Bizoń, Aleksandra Kołtuniuk, Marta Waliszewska-Prosół, Sławomir Budrewicz, Agnieszka Piwowar and Anna Pokryszko-Dragan
Biomedicines 2024, 12(9), 2027; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12092027 - 5 Sep 2024
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Abstract
SIRTs were demonstrated to play an important role in inflammatory, degenerative, and metabolic alterations, constituting the background of the central nervous system. Thus, they seem to be an appropriate object of investigation (as potential biomarkers of disease activity and/or novel therapeutic targets) in [...] Read more.
SIRTs were demonstrated to play an important role in inflammatory, degenerative, and metabolic alterations, constituting the background of the central nervous system. Thus, they seem to be an appropriate object of investigation (as potential biomarkers of disease activity and/or novel therapeutic targets) in multiple sclerosis (MS), which has a complex etiology that comprises a cross-talk between all these processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of SIRT1 and SIRT2 in the serum of patients with the relapsing–remitting type of MS (RRMS), as well as their relationships with various aspects of MS-related disability. Methods: A total of 115 patients with RRMS (78 women, 37 men, mean age 43 ± 9.9) and 39 healthy controls were included in the study. SIRT1 and SIRT2 were detected in the serum using the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method. In the RRMS group, relationships were investigated between the SIRT 1 and 2 levels and the demographic data, MS-related clinical variables, and the results of tests evaluating fatigue, sleep problems, cognitive performance, autonomic dysfunction, and depression. Results: The levels of SIRT1 and SIRT2 in RRMS patients were significantly lower than in the controls (11.14 vs. 14. 23, p = 0.04; 8.62 vs. 14.2, p < 0.01). In the RRMS group, the level of both SIRTs was higher in men than in women (15.7 vs. 9.0; 11.3 vs. 7.3, p = 0.002) and showed a significant correlation with the degree of disability (R = −0.25, p = 0.018). No other relationships were found between SIRT levels and the analyzed data. Conclusions: The serum levels of SIRT1 and 2 were decreased in the RRMS patients (especially in the female ones) and correlated with the degree of neurological deficit. The role of SIRTs as biomarkers of disease activity or mediators relevant for “invisible disability” in MS warrants further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System)
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Review

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10 pages, 456 KiB  
Review
The Role of the Cerebellum in Advanced Cognitive Processes in Children
by Stefano Mastrangelo, Laura Peruzzi, Antonella Guido, Laura Iuvone, Giorgio Attinà, Alberto Romano, Palma Maurizi, Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo and Antonio Ruggiero
Biomedicines 2024, 12(8), 1707; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081707 - 1 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Over the last several years, a growing body of evidence from anatomical, physiological, and functional neuroimaging studies has increasingly indicated that the cerebellum is actively involved in managing higher order cognitive functions and regulating emotional responses. It has become clear that when children [...] Read more.
Over the last several years, a growing body of evidence from anatomical, physiological, and functional neuroimaging studies has increasingly indicated that the cerebellum is actively involved in managing higher order cognitive functions and regulating emotional responses. It has become clear that when children experience congenital or acquired cerebellar lesions, these injuries can lead to a variety of cognitive and emotional disorders, manifesting in different combinations. This underscores the cerebellum’s essential role not only throughout developmental stages but particularly in facilitating learning processes, highlighting its critical importance beyond its traditional association with motor control. Furthermore, the intricate neural circuits within the cerebellum are believed to contribute to the fine-tuning of motor actions and coordination but are also increasingly recognized for their involvement in cognitive processes such as attention, language, and problem solving. Recent research has highlighted the importance of cerebellar health and integrity for optimal functioning across various domains of the human experience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System)
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