State-of-the-Art Cancer Biology and Therapeutics in Poland

Dear Colleagues,

All over the world, including in Poland, there is ongoing progress in the biology and therapy of malignant neoplasms. In 2017, according to the National Cancer Registry, 164,875 new cases of malignant neoplasms were reported in Poland. Thanks to novel treatment methods, cancer is, in many cases, becoming a chronic condition rather than a fatal disease. Contemporary oncology has a wide arsenal of drugs and therapeutic procedures aimed at eradicating neoplastic cells. Modern cancer treatment is based on the concept of an interdisciplinary and holistic approach to cancer therapy. The development of basic sciences in Poland (radiobiology and molecular biology) allows for the identification and verification of new molecular biomarkers.

Cancer biology research has focused on:

• Searching for genetic factors associated with an increased risk of developing malignant neoplasms;
• Development of biological prognostic and predictive factors for various types of anticancer treatments;
• Identification of new targets for immunotherapy and targeted therapies used in cancer patients;
• The significance of microorganisms (e.g., human papillomavirus) in carcinogenesis and the treatment of cancer patients.

Modern oncohematology with bone marrow transplantation, oncological endocrinology, nuclear medicine, oncological and reconstructive surgery, modern radiotherapy and systemic treatments has also developed. Recent reports on breakthrough therapies and ongoing clinical trials grant patients hope to overcome the disease, with personalized cancer therapy based on the molecular profile of tumors currently developing. The introduction of novel therapies in clinics is associated with new side effects; therefore, it is necessary to optimize molecularly targeted treatments and skillfully manage their toxicity. Due to the improvement of treatment results, it is also necessary to remember supportive management, which is an important element of improving the comfort and quality of life of cancer patients.

I invite you to share your results in the field of biology and treatment of malignant neoplasms in your centers in Poland in this Special Issue of Biomedicines.

Dr. Anna Mucha-Małecka
Guest Editor

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